Search results for "METASTASIS"

Integrative clinical transcriptome analysis reveals TMPRSS2-ERG dependency of prognostic biomarkers in prostate adenocarcinoma.

2019

In prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa), distinction between indolent and aggressive disease is challenging. Around 50% of PCa are characterized by TMPRSS2‐ERG (T2E)‐fusion oncoproteins defining two molecular subtypes (T2E‐positive/negative). However, current prognostic tests do not differ between both molecular subtypes, which might affect outcome prediction. To investigate gene‐signatures associated with metastasis in T2E‐positive and T2E‐negative PCa independently, we integrated tumor transcriptomes and clinicopathological data of two cohorts (total n = 783), and analyzed metastasis‐associated gene‐signatures regarding the T2E‐status. Here, we show that the prognostic value of biomarkers in PCa…

The role of bisphosphonates in the treatment of painful metastatic bone disease: a review of phase III trials.

1998

Metastatic bone disease is a frequent cause of morbidity in advanced cancer patients with a subsequent high incidence of skeletal complications (fractures, hypercalcemia, spinal cord compression) and severe pain. The osteolytic process is mainly characterized by an osteoclastic activity of bone resorption and inflammatory activity provoked by various cytokines and prostaglandins. Bisphosphonates represent a new class of drugs with inhibitory activity on bone resorption and on inflammatory processes which revealed themselves to be efficacious in a series of clinical conditions such as tumour-induced hypercalcemia, Paget's disease, osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease. The aim of this rev…

Pharmacogenomics of cetuximab in metastatic colorectal carcinoma

2014

Cetuximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Knowledge of the mechanisms that underlie its effectiveness, as well as the primary and secondary resistance mechanisms, have led to important developments in the understanding of cetuximab biology. In light of knowledge gained from recent trials, the efficacy of cetuximab has been clearly demonstrated to depend upon RAS mutational status, moreover cetuximab should only be used in a subset of patients who may benefit. In this article, we critically review clinical and pharmacogenetic issues of cetuximab, focusing on the cost–effectiveness involved with the use of the drug.

Mesenteric Lymph Node Involvement in Advanced Ovarian Cancer Patients Undergoing Rectosigmoid Resection: Prognostic Role and Clinical Considerations

2014

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the incidence of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) involvement, and its prognostic role in advanced ovarian cancer (OC). Methods: OC patients undergoing rectosigmoid resection during primary debulking surgery or interval debulking surgery were recorded. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of relapse/progression, death of disease, or the date of last follow-up. Results: MLNs were detected in 102/148 cases (68.9 %); the rate of MLN involvement was 47.0 %. The percentage of metastatic MLNs was higher in cases with >5 MLNs removed compared with cases with ≤5 MLNs …

KRAS and BRAF as prognostic biomarkers in patients undergoing surgical resection of colorectal cancer liver metastasis: A systematic review and meta-…

2016

3565Background: Clinical trials investigated the potential role of both KRAS and BRAF mutations, as prognostic biomarkers, in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who underwent surgical treatment of li...

The prognostic role of KRAS and BRAF in patients undergoing surgical resection of colorectal cancer liver metastasis: a systematic review and meta-an…

2016

Secondary acute leukemia following mitoxantrone-based high-dose chemotherapy for primary breast cancer patients.

2003

The incidence of secondary myelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was retrospectively assessed in an international joint study in 305 node-positive breast cancer patients, who received mitoxantrone-based high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) followed by autologous stem cell support as adjuvant therapy. The median age of the patients was 57 years (range 22-67). In all, 268 patients received peripheral blood stem cells, and 47 patients received autologous bone marrow. After a median follow-up of 57 months (range 10-125), three cases of secondary AML (sAML) were observed, resulting in a cumulative incidence of 0.94%. One case of sAML developed 18 months after HDCT (FAB M3) The karyotype was trans…

Survival after curative pelvic exenteration for primary or recurrent cervical cancer a retrospective multicentric study of 167 patients

2014

ObjectiveEvaluate the survival of patients who underwent pelvic exenteration (PE) with curative intent for primary persistent or recurrent cervical cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated 167 consecutive patients, referred to the gynecological oncology units of 4 centers in Germany or Italy, who underwent PE. Data regarding surgery, histology, and oncologic outcomes were collected and statistically evaluated. Survival was determined from the day of exenteration until last follow-up or death.ResultsThe median age was 51 years. Twenty-seven patients (16.2%) underwent PE owing to advanced primary tumors (group A), 34 patients (20.4%) underwent PE owing to persistent cancer after chemothe…

The prevalent KRAS exon 2 c.35 G > A mutation in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: a biomarker of worse prognosis and potential benefit of bevac…

2015

Bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy differently predict increased efficacy in KRAS exon 2 mutant and wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC) patients. Mutant compared to wild-type status did not significantly affect progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients fit for first line bevacizumab-containing FIr-B/FOx regimen, and after progression. In patients unfit for intensive regimens, mutant status significantly affected PFS, while not OS. Codon 12 KRAS mutations differentially affect GTPase function, and confer worse clinical behaviour. Prognostic relevance of the prevalent c.35 G. >. A KRAS mutation was retrospectively evaluated. Fit c.35 G. >. A mutant patie…

Chirurgische Therapie bei Karzinoiden des Gastrointestinaltraktes

2001

More than 70% of all carcinoids are localized in the gastrointestinal tract. Carcinoids of the upper, middle and lower intestines have to be distinguished ontogenetically. The classification according to Capella takes into account the size of the tumor ( 2 cm), the grade of invasion of other structures, the grade of angioinvasion, the biologic behaviour, the grade of differentiation and the hormonal activity of the tumor. A carcinoid-syndrome is rarely found. Carcinoids of the small intestine occur multiple in 30-50% and in 20-30% a second malignant tumor is seen. In carcinoids of the colon this percentage is even higher (25-40%). The therapy of carcinoids depends on the size of the tumor a…