Search results for "METASTASIS"

Prognostic impact of extra-nodal extension in thyroid cancer: A meta-analysis

2015

Background and Objectives Lymph node involvement is common in thyroid cancer, but the system of staging does not consider the histological features of lymph node metastases. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic role of extranodal extension (ENE) in thyroid cancer patients. Methods We ran PubMed and SCOPUS searches without language restrictions. Prospective studies reporting data on overall mortality, cancer-specific mortality, or disease recurrence including thyroid cancer patients, in which cases with ENE (ENE+) were compared with those with only intranodal disease (ENE-) were eligible. Data were summarized using risk ratios (RR) for number of deaths/recurrences, and …

New molecular targets in bone metastases.

2010

Bone metastases have a major impact on morbidity and on mortality in cancer patients. Despite its clinical relevance, metastasis remains the most poorly elucidated aspect of carcinogenesis. The biological mechanisms leading to bone metastasis establishment have been referred as " vicious circle," a complex network between cancer cells and the bone microenvironment. This review is aimed to underline the new molecular targets in bone metastases management other than bisphosphonates. Different pathways or molecules such as RANK/RANKL/OPG, cathepsin K, endothelin-1, Wnt/DKK1, Src have recently emerged as potential targets and nowadays preclinical and clinical trials are underway. The results fr…

Extranodal Extension of Nodal Metastases Is a Poor Prognostic Indicator in Gastric Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

2016

Introduction: The extranodal extension (ENE) of nodal metastases (the extension of neoplastic cells through the nodal capsule into the perinodal soft tissue) is a histological feature that has been considered a prognostic factor in several cancers, but the role in gastric cancer was not yet investigated. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of ENE in patients affected by gastric cancer through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Material and Methods: Two independent authors searched major databases until 09/30/2015 to identify studies providing data on gastric cancer patients’ prognostic parameters and comparing patients with ENE (ENE+) vs intra-nodal extension (ENE−). The data we…

Colorectal Cancer: Metastatic Disease

2021

Most patients diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) develop metastases during the disease course after resection of the primary locoregional cancer. To date, the liver represents the most common site of metastatic involvement. Although several different biological and clinical hallmarks exist between the colon and rectum (different embryological origin, anatomy, and molecular biology), mCRC requires similar staging procedures and systemic treatment strategies (first and subsequent lines) in terms of a multimodal approach treatment as a part of a “continuum of care.” Patients affected by oligometastatic disease should undergo an upfront evaluation by a multidisciplinary team for…

Natural history of bone metastasis in colorectal cancer: final results of a large Italian bone metastases study.

2012

ABSTRACT Background Data are limited regarding bone metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective of this study was to survey the natural history of bone metastasis in CRC. Patients and methods This retrospective, multicenter, observational study of 264 patients with CRC involving bone examined cancer treatments, bone metastases characteristics, skeletal-related event (SRE) type and frequency, zoledronic acid therapy, and disease outcomes. Results Most patients with bone metastases had pathologic T3/4 disease at CRC diagnosis. The spine was the most common site involved (65%), followed by hip/pelvis (34%), long bones (26%), and other sites (17%). Median time from CRC diagnosis to b…

Impressive Objective Response to Nab-Paclitaxel plus Trastuzumab as Fifth Line Therapy in an Elderly HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer Patient

2017

Background: Agent targeting HER-2 pathway plus chemotherapy has represented a major progress in the management of patients with breast cancer. However, the role of late-line treatment in heavily pretreated patients is still largely unclear. In the last decade, nab-paclitaxel has shown significant activity and good toxicity profile in metastatic breast cancer. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 76-year-old Caucasian woman with metastatic HER-2 positive ductal infiltrating breast carcinoma treated with a combination of weekly nab-paclitaxel and trastuzumab as fifth-line therapy. She had previously received first-line paclitaxel and trastuzumab, second-line vinorelbine and trastuzumab,…

Tumor budding as a risk factor for nodal metastasis in pT1 colorectal cancers: a meta-analysis

2017

Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs have significantly increased the detection of submucosal (pT1) adenocarcinoma. Completion surgery may be indicated after endoscopic excision of these potentially metastasizing early cancers. However, the postsurgical prevalence of nodal implants does not exceed 15%, leading to questions concerning the clinical appropriateness of any post–endoscopy surgery. Eastern scientific societies (Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon-Rectum, in particular) include tumor budding (TB), defined as the presence of isolated single cancer cells or clusters of fewer than 5 cancer cells at the tumor invasive front, among the variables that must be inclu…

Advanced colorectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for treatment.

2010

Gene signatures in CRC and liver metastasis

2011

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death with a worldwide incidence of almost a million cases annually in both males and females. The accelerated decrease in CRC incidence rates from 1998 to 2006 largely reflects the advances in diagnosis and treatment that have enabled to detect and remove precancerous polyps. However, the screening technology has not resulted in major improvements in the prognosis of patients with advanced cancer and the liver metastasis remains the major cause of death in CRC. About 25% of patients have detectable liver metastasis at diagnosis, that are classified as “synchronous” lesions and approximately 70% of patients develop a…

Cetuximab: clinical results in colorectal cancer

2007

In recent years, the introduction of targeted therapies into clinical practice seems to offer incremental benefits in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), mainly when they are employed in combination with optimal chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. In this paper, we focus on Cetuximab and its role in the treatment of mCRC.