Search results for "MICI"
showing 10 items of 1671 documents
SIMULAZIONI CFD DEL CAMPO DI MOTO A BASSO NUMERO DI REYNOLDS IN BIOREATTORI AGITATI CON E SENZA SETTI FRANGIVORTICE
2016
I recipienti meccanicamente agitati sono apparecchiature frequenti dell’industria chimica di processo. Questi sono tipicamente dotati di setti frangivortice (recipienti baffled) atti a rompere il moto prettamente tangenziale tipico dei recipienti sprovvisti di setti (recipienti unbaffled) e convertirlo in moto assiale e radiale. La presenza dei setti evita inoltre nella zona centrale del sistema la formazione del vortice d’aria che può talvolta essere indesiderato o in taluni casi creare instabilità una volta arrivato alla girante. I recipienti unbaffled sono considerati quindi dei miscelatori meno efficienti rispetto a quelli provvisti di setti. Tali sistemi sono pertanto ad oggi impiegati…
Development of a predicitive type-2 neurofuzzy controller
2009
A controller that combines the main characteristics and advantages of three different control methodologies is proposed for the control of systems with nonlinearities and uncertainties. A neural network predictive control approach is implemented modifying the output of a controller with a fuzzy logic structure that uses type-2 fuzzy sets. Neural networks are also used to optimize the membership function parameters. The proposed controller is tested by simulation for the control of a bioreactor characterized by bifurcation and parameter uncertainty.
Potential applications of Salinity Gradient Power-Heat Engines for recovering low-temperature waste heat in cogeneration plants
2021
Abstract Salinity Gradient Power-Heat Engine is an innovative technology able to convert very low-temperature heat into electricity. Energy and economic benefits could be achieved by integrating this technology into cogeneration plants, where the exploitation of waste heat available during the operation could increase the revenues arising from “High-Efficiency” labels. For the first time, this paper proposes two potential applications in this field, and three illustrative case studies are purposely investigated. In the first case study, a salinity gradient-heat engine converts the waste heat available from a cogeneration plant serving an industrial process. In the second case study, a salin…
Electrodialysis for water desalination: A critical assessment of recent developments on process fundamentals, models and applications
2018
Abstract The need for unconventional sources of fresh water is pushing a fast development of desalination technologies, which proved to be able to face and solve the problem of water scarcity in many dry areas of the planet. Membrane desalination technologies are nowadays leading the market and, among these, electrodialysis (ED) plays an important role, especially for brackish water desalination, thanks to its robustness, extreme flexibility and broad range of applications. In fact, many ED-related processes have been presented, based on the use of Ion Exchange Membranes (IEMs), which are significantly boosting the development of ED-related technologies. This paper presents the fundamentals…
Design of a novel membrane-integrated waste acid recovery process from pickling solution
2019
Abstract Hydrochloric acid pickling is a common practice in steel manufacturing industry. During the process, acid is consumed to dissolve surface oxides and metals ions are accumulated in the solution, which becomes less effective with time. In addition, the costly and risky waste acid disposal is another issue affecting the hot-dip galvanizing industry. In this work, a novel sustainable waste acid recovery process from pickling solutions based on circular approach is proposed to tackle these issues. The innovative system allows (i) the continuous regeneration of pickling solutions to enhance process rate and performance and (ii) minimise the highly expensive and environmentally risky wast…
CFD modelling of profiled-membrane channels for reverse electrodialysis
2014
Abstract: Reverse electrodialysis (RE) is a promising technology for electric power generation from controlled mixing of two differently concentrated salt solutions, where ion-exchange membranes are adopted for the generation of ionic currents within the system. Channel geometry strongly influences fluid flow and thus crucial phenomena such as pressure drop and concentration polarization. Profiled membranes are an alternative to the more commonly adopted net spacers and offer a number of advantages: avoiding the use of non-conductive and relatively expensive materials, reducing hydraulic losses and increasing the active membrane area. In this work, Computational Fluid Dynamic simulations we…
Sustainable water and energy: the EU-FP7 MEDIRAS and REAPOWER research projects
2014
Water-organic systems in closed-loop reverse electrodialysis for lower regeneration requirements
2016
Salinity Gradient Power (SGP) is an emerging opportunity to produce sustainable energy. Among the different SGP technologies, Reverse ElectroDialysis (RED) looks very promising. In a RED system the salinity gradient between two different solutions is used to directly produce electricity. Closed-loop RED is an innovative process, combining a RED unit with a regeneration system. If low grade waste-heat is used for the regeneration stage, in which the initial concentrations of the solutions exiting the RED unit are restored, the closed-loop can be seen as a RED-heat-engine able to convert thermal energy into electricity. The aim of this work is to perform a preliminary analysis of a regenerati…