Search results for "MICI"
showing 10 items of 1671 documents
Reattore per la precipitazione di micro e nano-particelle
2009
USE OF SUPERCRITICAL CO2 AS DISSOLVED GAS FOR THE ATOMIZATION OF ETHANOL
2011
Supercritical dissolved gas atomization (SDGA) is an atomization process in which carbon dioxide at temperatures and pressures above its critical point is used as atomizing gas. In this work SDGA has been experimentally studied when ethanol is used as the liquid to be atomized. The spray characteristics in terms of droplets size and distribution have been investigated using a droplet size analyzer based on a laser diffraction method. Very narrow droplet size distributions were produced down to 2.5 μm. The main parameter that influences the droplets size is the gas to liquid mass ratio. From the point of view of the atomization mechanism, mean droplet diameter is mainly influenced by the two…
Valorization of saltwork brines for the production of acid and base using electrodialysis with bipolar membranes
2022
Valorization of brines, usually considered as wastes, has become an alternative to extract critical and valuable raw materials, but also for energy recovery and generation of reactants. Within this context, the H2020 SEArcularMINE project aims to recover from saltwork brines Mg(II), Li(I) and some trace elements (B(III), Co(II) and Sr(II), among others), all of them listed as critical raw materials by the European Union [1]. Due to the fact that the technologies devoted to the recovery of the above mentioned elements require acid and bases, the SEArcularMINE project aims to produce them in-situ (HCl and NaOH) from exhausted brines (free of Mg(II) and Ca(II)) using Electrodialysis with Bipol…
Production of acidic and alkaline solutions via Electrodialysis with bipolar membranes from synthetic and real brines from saltworks
2022
1. Introduction In recent decades, there has been a great deal of interest at both the industrial and academic levels in identifying unconventional sources for chemical production and raw material recovery. In this context, brine disposal, which was previously addressed as a priority to reduce environmental problems, is now seen as an opportunity to apply new or existing technologies in circular processes that allow for the valorization of previously considered waste solutions [1]. In this regard, Electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (EDBM) can be used to produce acidic and alkaline solutions from salty solutions. EDBM is an electro-membrane process distinguished by the alternated positio…
Turbulent heat transfer in spacer-filled channels: Experimental and computational study and selection of turbulence models
2019
Abstract Heat transfer in spacer-filled channels of the kind used in Membrane Distillation was studied in the Reynolds number range 100–2000, encompassing both steady laminar and early-turbulent flow conditions. Experimental data, including distributions of the local heat transfer coefficient h, were obtained by Liquid Crystal Thermography and Digital Image Processing. Alternative turbulence models, both of first order (k-e, RNG k-e, k-ω, BSL k-ω, SST k-ω) and of second order (LRR RS, SSG RS, ω RS, BSL RS), were tested for their ability to predict measured distributions and mean values of h. The best agreement with the experimental results was provided by first-order ω-based models able to …
Techno-economic analysis of integrated processes for the treatment and valorisation of neutral coal mine effluents
2020
Abstract The disposal of highly-concentrated neutral coal mine effluents into the environment constitutes a severe threat to the natural ecosystem. This work proposes and compares five novel treatment chains to purify the effluent and recover raw materials. The chains present different combinations of pre-treatment and concentration technologies. In all cases, the solution sent to the concentration step is concentrated up to saturation to recover water and sodium chloride. Concerning the technical performances, the treatment chains are compared in terms of total energy demand and salt recovery. Furthermore, the economic feasibility assessment is performed via a novel global parameter, i.e. …
Adaptive type-2 fuzzy control of non-linear systems
2009
The paper describes the development of two different type-2 adaptive fuzzy logic controllers and their use for the control of a non linear system that is characterized by the presence of bifurcations and parameter uncertainty. Although a type-2 fuzzy logic controller is able to handle the non linearities and the uncertainties present in a system, its robustness and effectiveness can be increased by the use of an opportune adaptive algorithm. A simulation study was conducted to compare the behavior of adaptive controllers with that of simple type-1 and type-2 fuzzy logic controllers. The system to be controlled, used for the simulation, is a continuous bioreactor for the treatment of mixed w…
Adaptive type-2 fuzzy logic control of a bioreactor
2010
Two adaptive type-2 fuzzy logic controllers with minimum number of rules are developed and compared by simulation for control of a bioreactor in which aerobic alcoholic fermentation for the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae takes place. The bioreactor model is characterized by nonlinearity and parameter uncertainty. The first adaptive fuzzy controller is a type-2 fuzzy-neuro-predictive controller (T2FNPC) that combines the capability of type-2 fuzzy logic to handle uncertainties, with the ability of predictive control to predict future plant performance making use of a neural network model of the nonlinear system. The second adaptive fuzzy controller is instead a self-tuning type-2 PI cont…
Nonlinear fuzzy control of a fed-batch reactor for penicillin production
2012
Abstract The process of penicillin production is characterized by nonlinearities and parameter uncertainties that make it difficult to control. In the paper the development and testing of a multivariable fuzzy control system that makes use of type-2 fuzzy sets for the control of pH and temperature are described. The performance of the type-2 fuzzy logic control system (T2FLCS) is compared by simulation with that of a type-1 fuzzy logic control system (T1FLCS) and that of a control system with traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers proposed in the literature. The fuzzy controllers are optimized using an ANFIS algorithm. The best results are obtained with the T2FLCS pa…
ON THE BUBBLING DYNAMICS OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES IN 2D GAS-SOLID FLUIDIZED BEDS
2011
The bubbling behaviour of fluidized beds has been thoroughly investigated in the last decades by means of several techniques, e.g. X-ray, Inductance, Resistance and Impedance based techniques, PIV. In recent years, Digital Image Analysis Techniques have shown their potential for accurate and cost effectively measurements. Most of the work related to bubble behaviour analysis deals with monodispersed particles, while almost all industrial equipment operates with mixtures of particles. Although considerable work has been done in the past with focus on the analysis of the mixing-segregation behaviour and predictions of fluid dynamics regime transitions, a lack of knowledge exists in the analys…