Search results for "MICROBIOTA"
showing 10 items of 500 documents
Endometrial microbiota composition is associated with reproductive outcome in infertile patients
2022
Abstract Background Previous evidence indicates associations between the female reproductive tract microbiome composition and reproductive outcome in infertile patients undergoing assisted reproduction. We aimed to determine whether the endometrial microbiota composition is associated with reproductive outcomes of live birth, biochemical pregnancy, clinical miscarriage or no pregnancy. Methods Here, we present a multicentre prospective observational study using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyse endometrial fluid and biopsy samples before embryo transfer in a cohort of 342 infertile patients asymptomatic for infection undergoing assisted reproductive treatments. Results A dysbiotic endomet…
Opportunities and Challenges to Microbial Symbiosis Research in the Microbiome Era
2020
Peer reviewed
Metagenomics Analysis Reveals an Extraordinary Inner Bacterial Diversity in Anisakids (Nematoda: Anisakidae) L3 Larvae
2021
This article belongs to the Special Issue Parasitic Diseases from Wild Animals with Emphasis in Zoonotic Infections.
The cultivable human oral gluten-degrading microbiome and its potential implications in coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity
2013
AbstractCoeliac disease is characterized by intestinal inflammation caused by gluten, proteins which are widely contained in the Western diet. Mammalian digestive enzymes are only partly capable of cleaving gluten, and fragments remain that induce toxic responses in patients with coeliac disease. We found that the oral microbiome is a novel and rich source of gluten-degrading organisms. Here we report on the isolation and characterization of the cultivable resident oral microbes that are capable of cleaving gluten, with special emphasis on the immunogenic domains. Bacteria were obtained by a selective culturing approach and enzyme activities were characterized by: (i) hydrolysis of paranitr…
The role of histo-blood group antigens and microbiota in human norovirus replication in zebrafish larvae
2022
Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the major agent for viral gastroenteritis, causing >700 million infections yearly. Fucose-containing carbohydrates named histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) are known (co)receptors for HuNoV. Moreover, bacteria of the gut microbiota expressing HBGA-like structures have shown an enhancing effect on HuNoV replication in an in vitro model. Here, we studied the role of HBGAs and the host microbiota during HuNoV infection in zebrafish larvae. Using whole-mount immunohistochemistry, we visualized the fucose expression in the zebrafish gut for the HBGA Lewis X [LeX, α(1,3)-fucose] and core fucose [α(1,6)-fucose]. Costaining of HuNoV-infected larvae proved colocalization o…
Infant Gut Microbial Metagenome Mining of α- l -Fucosidases with Activity on Fucosylated Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates
2022
The gastrointestinal microbiota members produce α-l-fucosidases that play key roles in mucosal, human milk, and dietary oligosaccharide assimilation. Here, 36 open reading frames (ORFs) coding for putative α-l-fucosidases belonging to glycosyl hydrolase family 29 (GH29) were identified through metagenome analysis of breast-fed infant fecal microbiome. Twenty-two of those ORFs showed a complete coding sequence with deduced amino acid sequences displaying the highest degree of identity with α-l-fucosidases from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides caccae, Phocaeicola vulgatus, Phocaeicola dorei, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Streptococcus parasanguinis. Based on sequence homology, 10 α-l-fuco…
Microbiota Variation Across Life Stages of European Field-Caught Anopheles atroparvus and During Laboratory Colonization: New Insights for Malaria Re…
2021
The potential use of bacteria for developing novel vector control approaches has awakened new interests in the study of the microbiota associated with vector species. To set a baseline for future malaria research, a high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal gene V3-V4 region was used to profile the microbiota associated with late-instar larvae, newly emerged females, and wild-caught females of a sylvan Anopheles atroparvus population from a former malaria transmission area of Spain. Field-acquired microbiota was then assessed in non-blood-fed laboratory-reared females from the second, sixth, and 10th generations. Diversity analyses revealed that bacterial communities varied …
Different Gut Microbial Profiles in Sub-Saharan African and South Asian Women of Childbearing Age Are Primarily Associated With Dietary Intakes
2019
Background To compare and characterize the gut microbiota in women of childbearing age from sub-Saharan Africa (the Democratic Republic of the Congo, DRC) and South Asia (India), in relation to dietary intakes. Methods Women of childbearing age were recruited from rural DRC and India as part of the Women First (WF) preconception maternal nutrition trial. Findings presented include fecal 16S rRNA gene-based profiling of women in the WF trial from samples obtained at the time of randomization, prior to initiation of nutrition intervention and to conception. Results Stool samples were collected from 217 women (DRC n = 117; India n = 100). Alpha diversity of the gut microbiota was higher in DRC…
Early Development of the Gut Microbiota and Immune Health
2014
In recent years, the increase in human microbiome research brought about by the rapidly evolving “omic” technologies has established that the balance among the microbial groups present in the human gut, and their multipronged interactions with the host, are crucial for health. On the other hand, epidemiological and experimental support has also grown for the ‘early programming hypothesis’, according to which factors that act in utero and early in life program the risks for adverse health outcomes later on. The microbiota of the gut develops during infancy, in close interaction with immune development, and with extensive variability across individuals. It follows that the specific process of…
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Influences Metabolic Homeostasis in Spodoptera frugiperda
2021
Insect gut microbiota plays important roles in acquiring nutrition, preventing pathogens infection, modulating immune responses, and communicating with environment. Gut microbiota can be affected by external factors such as foods and antibiotics. Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important destructive pest of grain crops worldwide. The function of gut microbiota in S. frugiperda remains to be investigated. In this study, we fed S. frugiperda larvae with artificial diet with antibiotic mixture (penicillin, gentamicin, rifampicin, and streptomycin) to perturb gut microbiota, and then examined the effect of gut microbiota dysbiosis on S. frugiperda gene expression by RNA seq…