Search results for "MODERATE"

Retrieving and Validating Leaf and Canopy Chlorophyll Content at Moderate Resolution: A Multiscale Analysis with the Sentinel-3 OLCI Sensor

2021

ESA’s Eighth Earth Explorer mission “FLuorescence EXplorer” (FLEX) will be dedicated to the global monitoring of the chlorophyll fluorescence emitted by vegetation. In order to properly interpret the measured fluorescence signal, essential vegetation variables need to be retrieved concomitantly. FLEX will fly in tandem formation with Sentinel-3 (S3), which conveys the Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) that is designed to characterize the atmosphere and the terrestrial vegetation at a spatial resolution of 300 m. In support of FLEX’s preparatory activities, this paper presents a first validation exercise of OLCI vegetation products against in situ data coming from the 2018 FLEXSense cam…

Evaluation of the B‐method for determining actual evapotranspiration in a boreal forest from MODIS data

2007

Boreal forests occupy about 11% of the terrestrial surface and represent an important contribution to global energy balance. The ground measurement of daily evapotranspiration (LEd) is very difficult due to the limitations on experiments. The objective of this paper is to present and explore the applicability of the B-method for monitoring actual LEd in these ecosystems. The method shown in this paper allows us to determine the surface fluxes over boreal forests on a daily basis from instantaneous information registered in a conventional meteorological tower, as well as the canopy temperature (T c) retrieved by satellite. Images collected by the MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectrorad…

Effects of a progressive aquatic resistance exercise program on the biochemical composition and morphology of cartilage in women with mild knee osteo…

2013

Background Symptoms associated with osteoarthritis of the knee result in decreased function, loss of working capacity and extensive social and medical costs. There is a need to investigate and develop effective interventions to minimise the impact of and even prevent the progression of osteoarthritis. Aquatic exercise has been shown to be effective at reducing the impact of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this article is to describe the rationale, design and intervention of a study investigating the effect of an aquatic resistance exercise intervention on cartilage in postmenopausal women with mild knee osteoarthritis. Methods A minimum of 80 volunteers who meet the inclusion criteria will b…

Multi-temporal analysis of MODIS Land Products over the Amazon region

2012

In a global warming scenario there is an increase interest in examining climate trends at specific biomes such as the tropical rainforest biome. The Amazonian region is the largest carbon sink, so changes in this area are expected to have a direct impact over the climate change. In this work we analyse the temporal evolution (trends and anomalies) of different land parameters from 2001 to 2010 over the Amazonian forest. For this purpose, we used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Products at 0.05° latitude/longitude Climate Modeling Grid (CMG), namely, combined Terra/Aqua 16-day Albedo (MCD43C3), Terra monthly Land Surface Temperature & Emissivity (MOD11C3), Terra mo…

Micronucleus frequencies and clonogenic cell survival in TK6 cells exposed to changing dose rates under controlled temperature conditions.

2014

In most exposure scenarios the dose rate of exposure is not constant. Despite this, very little information exists on the possible biological effects of exposing cells to radiation under the conditions of a changing dose rate. The current study highlights interesting effects following exposure under these conditions.We constructed a new exposure facility that allows exposing cells inside an incubator and used it to irradiate human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells both after a moderate (0.48 Gy) and a high (1.1 Gy) dose, where the change in dose rate was, respectively, ≈ 17-fold (2.2-37 mGy/min) and ≈ 39-fold (2.7-106 mGy/min). Clonogenic survival and micronuclei (MN) induction were the chosen endpo…

Seamless downscaling of the ESA CCI soil moisture data at the daily scale with MODIS land products

2021

Abstract Spatial downscaling has recently become a crucial process in the regional application of coarse-resolution passive microwave surface soil moisture (SSM) products. Extensive gaps in auxiliary optical/thermal infrared observation data (mainly caused by cloud cover) and gaps in coarse-resolution passive microwave SSM data lead to spatiotemporal discontinuity in downscaled SSM maps, thereby limiting their applications. An improved downscaling method for the 25-km European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) SSM product was proposed to obtain daily seamless downscaled SSM series at a 1-km scale. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra daily land su…

2020

Aim: To determine the relevance of features located close to home and further away, our aim was to study associations between older adults' physical activity and self-reported neighborhood destinations and barriers to outdoor mobility categorized by presence and maximal distance from home. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses comprising men and women 79-94 years old (57%) living independently in Central Finland (n = 185). Self-reported physical activity was categorized into lower (≤3 h moderate activity a week) and higher (≥4 h moderate or intense activity a week) activity. Assisted by interviewers, participants located on an interactive map destinations perceived to facilitate and barriers pe…

Evaluation of Terra/MODIS atmospheric profiles product (MOD07) over the Iberian Peninsula: a comparison with radiosonde stations

2014

Remote sensing techniques are a useful tool for continuous observation of the Earth at global scale. However, products derived from remote sensing data require a rigorous validation using in situ data. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is not really a sounding instrument, but it does have 16 infrared bands (bands 20–36 covering the spectral range from 3 µm to 14 µm) that allow the retrieval of temperature and moisture profiles as well as total column integrated magnitudes. In this paper we show the results obtained in the evaluation of MOD07 daytime and nighttime products over the Iberian Peninsula during the decade from 2000 to 2010 using nine radiosonde stations. Altho…

Analyzing the anisotropy of thermal infrared emissivity over arid regions using a new MODIS land surface temperature and emissivity product (MOD21)

2015

Abstract The MOD21 Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (LST&E) product will be included in forthcoming Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6. Surface temperature and emissivities for thermal bands 29 (8.55 μm), 31 (11 μm) and 32 (12 μm) will be retrieved using the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Temperature and Emissivity Separation (TES) method adapted to MODIS at-sensor spectral radiances, previously corrected with the Water Vapor Scaling method (MOD21 algorithm). We simulated MOD21 product estimates over two different sandy deserts (i.e. White Sands and Great Sands) using a series of MODIS scenes from 2010 to 2013. T…

Aerosol optical properties and instantaneous radiative forcing based on high temporospatial resolution CARSNET ground-based measurements over eastern…

2017

Abstract. Variations in the optical properties of aerosols and their radiative forcing were investigated based on long-term synchronous observations made at three-minute intervals from 2011 to 2015 over seven adjacent CARSNET (China Aerosol Remote Sensing NETwork) urban (Hangzhou), suburban (Xiaoshan, Fuyang, LinAn, Tonglu, Jiande) and rural (ChunAn) stations in the Yangtze River Delta region, eastern China. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) varied from 0.68 to 0.76, with two peaks in June and September, and decreased from the eastern coast to western inland areas. The ratio of the AOD of fine-mode particles to the total AOD was > 0.90 and the extinction Angström exponent was > 1.20 thr…