Search results for "MORPHOLOGY"
showing 10 items of 1425 documents
Kinetics of phase separation in thin films: simulations for the diffusive case.
2005
We study the diffusion-driven kinetics of phase separation of a symmetric binary mixture (AB), confined in a thin-film geometry between two parallel walls. We consider cases where (a) both walls preferentially attract the same component (A), and (b) one wall attracts A and the other wall attracts B (with the same strength). We focus on the interplay of phase separation and wetting at the walls, which is referred to as {\it surface-directed spinodal decomposition} (SDSD). The formation of SDSD waves at the two surfaces, with wave-vectors oriented perpendicular to them, often results in a metastable layered state (also referred to as ``stratified morphology''). This state is reminiscent of th…
Chapter 3 Giant Siliceous Spicules From the Deep‐sea Glass Sponge Monorhaphis chuni
2009
Only 13 years after realizing, during a repair of a telegraph cable pulled out from the deep sea, that the depth of the ocean is plentifully populated with a highly diverse fauna and flora, the Challenger expedition (1873-1876) treasured up a rich collection of vitreous sponges (Hexactinellida). They had been described by Schulze and represent the phylogenetically oldest class of siliceous sponges (phylum Porifera); they are eye-catching because of their distinct body plan, which relies on a filigree skeleton. It is constructed by an array of morphologically determined elements, the spicules. Soon after, during the German Deep Sea Expedition "Valdivia" (1898-1899), Schulze could describe th…
Effects of ocean acidification on embryonic respiration and development of a temperate wrasse living along a natural CO2 gradient
2016
Volcanic CO2 seeps provide opportunities to investigate the effects of ocean acidification on organisms in the wild. To understand the influence of increasing CO2 concentrations on the metabolic rate (oxygen consumption) and the development of ocellated wrasse early life stages, we ran two field experiments, collecting embryos from nesting sites with different partial pressures of CO2 [pCO2; ambient (400 µatm) and high (800-1000 µatm)] and reciprocally transplanting embryos from ambient- to high-CO2 sites for 30 h. Ocellated wrasse offspring brooded in different CO2 conditions had similar responses, but after transplanting portions of nests to the high-CO2 site, embryos from parents that sp…
Effect of temperature on the release of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde incorporated into polymeric systems to control growth and biofilms ofEscherichia…
2015
This study assessed the effect of temperature on the release of essential oil components incorporated by melt compounding into polymeric films. Specifically, polyethylene-co-vinylacetate (EVA) films containing carvacrol (CAR) and cinnamaldehyde (ALD), alone and in combination, were prepared and their surface and mechanical properties and antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. The addition of ALD and CAR did not provoke variation in the surface morphology of EVA and allowed their delivery. At 37°C, films containing CAR, ALD or their combination (25+75%) were found to have the strongest bactericidal effect, whereas at lower t…
Using mathematical morphology for unsupervised classification of functional data
2011
This paper is concerned with the unsupervised classification of functional data by using mathematical morphology. Different morphological operators are used to extract relevant structures of the functions (considered as sets through their subgraph representations). These operators can be considered as preprocessing tools whose outputs are also functional data. We explore some dissimilarity measures and clustering methods for the classification of the transformed data. Our approach is illustrated through a detailed analysis of two data sets. These techniques, which have mainly been used in image processing, provide a flexible and robust toolbox for improving the results in unsupervised funct…
Erosion–dilation analysis for experimental and synthetic microstructures of sedimentary rock
2000
Abstract Microstructures such as rock samples or simulated structures can be described and characterized by means of ideas of spatial statistics and mathematical morphology. A powerful approach is to transform a given 3D structure by operations of mathematical morphology such as dilation and erosion. This leads to families of structures, for which various characteristics can be determined, for example, porosity, specific connectivity number or correlation and connectivity functions. An application of this idea leads to a clear discrimination between a sample of Fontainebleau sandstone and two simulated samples.
Segmented relationships to model erosion of regression effect in Cox regression
2010
In this article we propose a parsimonious parameterisation to model the so-called erosion of the covariate effect in the Cox model, namely a covariate effect approaching to zero as the follow-up time increases. The proposed parameterisation is based on the segmented relationship where proper constraints are set to accomodate for the erosion. Relevant hypothesis testing is discussed. The approach is illustrated on two historical datasets in the survival analysis literature, and some simulation studies are presented to show how the proposed framework leads to a test for a global effect with good power as compared with alternative procedures. Finally, possible generalisations are also present…
Resuming Shapes with Applications
2004
Many image processing tasks need some kind of average of different shapes. Frequently, different shapes obtained from several images have to be summarized. If these shapes can be considered as different realizations of a given random compact set, then the natural summaries are the different mean sets proposed in the literature. In this paper, new mean sets are defined by using the basic transformations of Mathematical Morphology (dilation, erosion, opening and closing). These new definitions can be considered, under some additional assumptions, as particular cases of the distance average of Baddeley and Molchanov. The use of the former and new mean sets as summary descriptors of shapes is i…
Morphology of solid polymer electrolytes: a TR WAXS investigation
2002
A wide angle X-ray scattering investigation of (polyethylene oxide)n–sodium thiocyanate [(PEO)nNaSCN] mixtures is reported. Temperature dependence analysis for different mixtures is shown, in order to rationalize the multi-phase behaviour. Depending on the amount of salt added and upon the temperature considered three different phases have been found to simultaneously coexist: crystalline PEO, amorphous PEO, and crystalline complex.
INTRA- AND INTERSPECIFIC VARIATION IN INTERNAL STRUCTURES OF THE GENUSSTENOSARINA(BRACHIOPODA, TEREBRATULIDA) USING LANDMARKS
2001
Abstract Although a number of brachiopod genera have been defined mainly from their internal structures, the fixity of those structures has rarely been investigated. Variability of the rather simple loops of two New Caledonian species of the Recent genus Stenosarina (Terebratulida), one species having a variant with endemic morphology, provides insight into the relationship between the two species. Procrustes methods based on landmarks are used. Intra-population variability is found to be of the same order of magnitude as inter-population variability. Moreover, the morphological distance between the endemic variant and the other specimens is greater than the distance between the two species…