Search results for "MORPHOLOGY"

showing 10 items of 1425 documents

Invited Review - Fight on Plankton! or, Phytoplankton Shape and Size as Adaptive Tools to Get Ahead in the Struggle for Life

2011

Abstract A renewed interest in investigating the relationships existing between body size and environmental variables is pervading ecological studies. Phytoplankton has a long tradition as model system in studies of community ecology and several research concepts were developed using these organisms. In this paper we try to review the relevance of analyzing the morphological features of phytoplankton in ecology. Starting with a brief account of allometric relationships existing in phytoplankton, we i) examine the physical context in which phytoplankton grow, and ii) highlight the role of their size in nutrient uptake, and that of their shape in light harvesting. Moreover, the way in which t…

CommunityEcologyPhysical contextEcology (disciplines)PhytoplanktonMorphology (biology)Plant ScienceAllometryAquatic SciencePlanktonBody sizeBiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsCryptogamie, Algologie
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Citocentrifugación como un método adicional para estudiar celomitos de equinodermos: un enfoque comparativo que combina células vivas, preparaciones …

2021

Abstract Introduction: Echinoderm coelomocytes have traditionally been investigated through a morphological approach using light microscopy, which relies on the idea of constant cell shape as a stable character. However, this can be affected by biotic or abiotic conditions. Objective: To analyze if the consistency in cell morphology offered by the cytocentrifugation method, might be used as a convenient tool to study echinoderm coelomocytes. Methods: Cells of Echinaster (Othilia) brasiliensis (Asteroidea), Holothuria (Holothuria) tubulosa (Holothuroidea), Eucidaris tribuloides, Arbacia lixula, Lytechinus variegatus, and Echinometra lucunter (Echinoidea) were spread on microscope slides by c…

Comparative cell morphologyenergy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopyinmunología de invertebradosinvertebrate immunologyEnergy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopycomparative cell morphologyvibratile cellscélulas vibrátilesMicroscopyFluorescence microscopecomparative cell morphology; echinoderm physiology; energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy; invertebrate immunology; spherulocytes; vibratile cells.morfología celular comparativa; fisiología de equinodermos; espectroscopía de rayos-x de energía dispersiva; inmunología de invertebrados; esferulocitos; células vibrátiles.Arbacia lixulaesferulocitosLytechinus variegatusVibratile cellsespectroscopía de rayos-x de energía dispersivamorfología celular comparativabiologyechinoderm physiologyChemistryEchinoderm physiologyEchinometra lucunterbiology.organism_classificationspherulocytesSpherulocytesfisiología de equinodermosEchinodermBiochemistryEucidaris tribuloidesInvertebrate immunologyGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesHolothuriaRevista de Biología Tropical
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Figuration/Figure/Form

2020

It is still Weizsäcker to show that rather than a clear contrast (usually already referring to the names of Plato and Aristotle and to the competition between the concepts of eidos and morphé) it is a necessary correlation and a way through which the fundamental problem of unity of knowledge is placed.

Competition (economics)PhilosophySettore M-FIL/04 - EsteticaContrast (music)Figure figuration Morphology AestheticsEpistemology
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Comparison of Different Processing Methods to Prepare Poly(lactid acid)–Hydrotalcite Composites

2013

The effect of the compounding method on the morphology and on the properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-hydrotalcite (HT) composites was studied. Moreover, the influence of two different kinds of HT - organically modified (OM-HT) and unmodified (U-HT) - and their concentration was evaluated. The composites were prepared using either a single screw extruder (SSE), a counter rotating twin-screw compounder (TSC) or a corotating twin-screw extruder (TSE). The prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis, mechanical and rheological measurements. The results indicated that the best morphology, i.e., particles dimension and dis…

Composite materialMaterials scienceMorphology (linguistics)Polymers and PlasticsHydrotalciteScanning electron microscopeGeneral ChemistryGel permeation chromatographyViscosityextrusionRheologyCompoundinghydrotalcitePoly(lactic acid)Materials ChemistryPLAcompositeComposite materialElastic modulus
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Synthetic Genes for artificial ants. Diversity in ant colony optimization algorithms

2010

Inspired from the fact that the real world ants from within a colony are not clones (although they may look alike, they are different from one another), in this paper, the authors are presenting an adapted ant colony optimisation (ACO) algorithm that incorporates methods and ideas from genetic algorithms (GA). Following the first (introductory) section of the paper is presented the history and the state of the art, beginning with the stigmergy and genetic concepts and ending with the latest ACO algorithm variants as multiagent systems (MAS). The rationale and the approach sections are aiming at presenting the problems with current stigmergy-based algorithms and at proposing a (possible - ye…

Computer Networks and CommunicationsComputer sciencebusiness.industryMulti-agent systemAnt colony optimization algorithmsLocal variableAnt colonyStigmergyComputer Science ApplicationsComputational Theory and MathematicsConvergence (routing)Artificial intelligenceState (computer science)businessClosing (morphology)
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Topology of synaptic connectivity constrains neuronal stimulus representation, predicting two complementary coding strategies

2022

In motor-related brain regions, movement intention has been successfully decoded from in-vivo spike train by isolating a lower-dimension manifold that the high-dimensional spiking activity is constrained to. The mechanism enforcing this constraint remains unclear, although it has been hypothesized to be implemented by the connectivity of the sampled neurons. We test this idea and explore the interactions between local synaptic connectivity and its ability to encode information in a lower dimensional manifold through simulations of a detailed microcircuit model with realistic sources of noise. We confirm that even in isolation such a model can encode the identity of different stimuli in a lo…

Computer and Information SciencesPhysiologyScienceModels NeurologicalInformation TheoryAction PotentialsNeurophysiologySynaptic TransmissionMembrane PotentialTopologyAnimal CellsClustering CoefficientsAnimalsManifoldsNeuronsMultidisciplinaryNeuronal MorphologyQuantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionDirected GraphsvariabilityQRBiology and Life SciencesEigenvaluesSomatosensory CortexCell BiologyRatsMicrocircuitsElectrophysiologyAlgebraLinear AlgebraCellular NeuroscienceGraph TheoryPhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologyMedicineCellular TypesdiverseMathematicsElectrical EngineeringResearch ArticleNeuroscienceElectrical Circuits
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Iteratively Learning a Liver Segmentation Using Probabilistic Atlases: Preliminary Results

2016

This works deals with the concept of liver segmentation by using a priori information based on probabilistic atlases and segmentation learning based of previous steps. A probabilistic atlas is here understood as a probability or membership map that tells how likely is that a point belongs to a shape drawn from the shape distribution at hand. We devise a procedure to segment Perfusion Magnetic Resonance liver images that combines both: a probabilistic atlas of the liver and a segmentation algorithm based on global information of previous simpler segmentation steps, local information from close segmented slices and finally a mathematical morphology procedure, namely viscous reconstruction, to…

Computer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONScale-space segmentation02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstructionMathematical morphology030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineSegmentationComputer visionComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSmedicine.diagnostic_testSegmentation-based object categorizationbusiness.industryProbabilistic logicMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionImage segmentationComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinessPerfusion2016 15th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA)
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A combined analysis to extract objects in remote sensing images

1999

Abstract This paper describes an object recognition system to extract shape information from remote sensing images. One of the goals is to determine if towers and power lines can be seen on one-meter imagery and how much ground conditions can influence the resolution power of the recognition algorithms. To this end, an integrated analysis system has been implemented inside the Remote Sensing Imaging System (RSIS). The methodology consists in the combination of statistical and structural information. It has been tested on real images and it will be integrated in an automatic system for the assessment of post storm damage.

Computer sciencebusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONCognitive neuroscience of visual object recognitionMathematical morphologyReal imagePower (physics)Artificial IntelligenceRemote sensing (archaeology)Signal ProcessingComputer visionComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessSoftwareRemote sensingPattern Recognition Letters
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Bag of words representation and SVM classifier for timber knots detection on color images

2015

Knots as well as their density have a huge impact on the mechanical properties of wood boards. This paper addresses the issue of their automatic detection. An image processing pipeline which associates low level processing (contrast enhancement, thresholding, mathematical morphology) with bag-of-words approach is developed. We propose a SVM classification based on features obtained by SURF descriptors on RGB images, followed by a dictionary created using the bag-of-words approach. Our method was tested on color images from two different datasets with a total number of 640 knots. The mean recall (true positive) rate achieved was (92%) and (97%) for a single dictionary (built only on samples …

Computer sciencebusiness.industryFeature extractionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage processingPattern recognitionMathematical morphologyThresholdingSupport vector machineComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONBag-of-words modelHistogramRGB color modelComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness2015 14th IAPR International Conference on Machine Vision Applications (MVA)
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On the use of PET-LCP copolymers as compatibilizers for PET/LCP blends

1996

Copolyesters of poly[ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with a liquid crystalline polymer (LCP), SBH 1:1:2, have been synthesized by the polycondensation, carried out in the melt at temperatures up to 300 degrees C of sebacic acid (S), 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl (B), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (H) in the presence of PET. The PET-SBH copolyesters have been characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, etc., and the relationships between properties and preparation conditions are discussed. The copolyesters show a biphasic nature, which is more evident for the products synthesized with a thermal profile comprising relatively lower temperatures (220-…

Condensation polymerMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsSebacic acidPOLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE)POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDEchemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetryPOLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATETHERMOTROPIC POLYESTERUltimate tensile strengthPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerchemistry.chemical_classificationMECHANICAL-PROPERTIESGeneral ChemistryPolymerCopolyesterLIQUID-CRYSTALLINE POLYMERSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiMonomerchemistryChemical engineeringCOPOLYESTERFLEXIBLE SPACERMORPHOLOGYFIBERS
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