Search results for "MRI"
showing 10 items of 733 documents
Effect of Mastiha supplementation on NAFLD: The MAST4HEALTH Randomised, Controlled Trial
2021
On behalf of MAST4HEALTH consortium: et al.
Altered functional connectivity in blepharospasm/orofacial dystonia
2017
Abstract Introduction Blepharospasm is characterized by involuntary eyelid spasms. It can be associated with perioral dystonia (Meige's syndrome or orofacial dystonia). We aimed at studying resting‐state functional brain connectivity in these patients and its potential modulation by therapeutic botulinum toxin injections. Methods We performed resting‐state functional MRI and a region of interest‐based analysis of functional connectivity in 13 patients with blepharospasm/Meige's syndrome in comparison to 13 healthy controls. Patients were studied before and 4 weeks after botulinum toxin treatment. Simultaneous facial electromyography was applied to control for involuntary facial movements. R…
Smart copolymer coated SPIONs for colon cancer chemotherapy
2019
Human colon cancer is one of the higher aggressive solid tumors, whose high mortality, much like many other solid tumors, results from metastasis formation. To reduce this high mortality, more effective chemotherapy, allowing a specific tumor accumulation and an efficient early-stage medical imaging as well, are still needed. At this regard, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for anticancer drug delivery are promising strategy in cancer therapy. For this purpose, a dual targeted redox-responsive drug delivery system, prepared by coating superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) with the amphiphilic copolymer INU-LA-PEG-FA and loading doxorubicin (DOXO-SPIONs) was investigated as tool for solid …
“Better explanations” in multiple sclerosis diagnostic workup
2019
BackgroundThe exclusion of other diseases that can mimic multiple sclerosis (MS) is the cornerstone of current diagnostic criteria. However, data on the frequency of MS mimics in real life are incomplete.MethodsA total of 695 patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of MS in any of the 22 RIREMS centers underwent a detailed diagnostic workup, including a brain and spinal cord MRI scan, CSF and blood examinations, and a 3-year clinical and radiologic follow-up.FindingsA total of 667 patients completed the study. Alternative diagnoses were formulated in 163 (24.4%) cases, the most frequent being nonspecific neurologic symptoms in association with atypical MRI lesions of suspected vascular…
Effects of acute administration of bupropion on behavior in the elevated plus-maze test by NMRI mice
2004
Bupropion attenuates some symptoms of nicotine abstinence, although its effects on anxiety are unclear. The present study investigates acute effects of bupropion (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) on anxiety as expressed in the elevated plus-maze test in male NMRI mice. Given the influence of locomotion in this test, effects of bupropion were also evaluated in an actimeter. Spontaneous motor activity remained significantly increased in mice treated with 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg of bupropion during the 60 min recorded. Results from the elevated plus-maze showed that 20 mg/kg increased total arm entries and 40 mg/kg increased total and open arm entries. Although the increase in the number of visits to the o…
Hirayama disease: Nosological classification and neuroimaging clues for diagnosis
2022
Hirayama disease (HD) is a rare, benign, and nonprogressive motor neuron disease (MND) affecting the upper limbs. It usually presents with weakness and amyotrophy in a single upper extremity with an insidious onset between adolescence and the third decade of life. Since its description in 1959, HD has been known under several names and eponyms in Europe and in Asian countries probably due to its heterogeneous clinical features. Thus, the unclear nosological classification makes challenging the differential diagnosis between HD and other neuromuscular conditions, such as MNDs. However, apart from the nosological difficulties and the lack of evidence-based guideline for diagnosis, the neuroim…
Diagnostic utility of hippocampal size and mean diffusivity in amnestic MCI
2007
Hippocampus atrophy is a frequent finding in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), whereas diffusion-tensor-imaging (DTI) has demonstrated its value to detect subtle brain tissue changes in several neuropsychiatric diseases including MCI. To compare the diagnostic accuracy of both methods, high resolution MRI scans for hippocampus volumetry, and co-registered DTI-scans for ROI-based mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were carried out in 18 patients with amnestic MCI (7 females, age 67.3+/-8.7 years, MMSE 25.2+/-2.2) and 18 controls (age 66.9+/-9.0 years, MMSE 28.7+/-1.0). Diagnostic properties of normalized hippocampus volume (HV) and DTI measures with regard to MCI status were…
Effects of Early Training and Nicotine Treatment on the Performance of Male NMRI Mice in the Water Maze
2004
This research aimed to evaluate the effect of nicotine treatment and prior training on a spatial learning task in differently aged NMRI male mice. In a longitudinal study, mice were randomly assigned to one of 14 experimental groups receiving different combinations of chronically injected nicotine (0.35 mg/kg) administered for 10 days (5 days before and during 5 days acquisition of task) or control treatments and training in the water maze at different ages. The mice displayed shorter escape latencies when evaluated at 6 and 10 months than when tested in this task at 2 months for the first time, demonstrating that early training preserves performance in the water maze up to 8 months after t…
Cognitive reserve impacts on inter-individual variability in resting-state cerebral metabolism in normal aging
2012
There is a great deal of heterogeneity in the impact of aging on cognition and cerebral functioning. One potential factor contributing to individual differences among the elderly is the cognitive reserve, which designates the partial protection from the deleterious effects of aging that lifetime experience provides. Neuroimaging studies examining task-related activation in elderly people suggested that cognitive reserve takes the form of more efficient use of brain networks and/or greater ability to recruit alternative networks to compensate for age-related cerebral changes. In this exploratory multi-center study, we examined the relationships between cognitive reserve, as measured by educa…
Color-coded diffusion-tensor-imaging of posterior cingulate fiber tracts in mild cognitive impairment.
2005
Abstract Different processes like microvascular dysfunction, free radical toxicity, β-amyloid deposits, and Wallerian degeneration can cause functionally relevant disturbances of cerebral neuronal networks by myelin degeneration. Color-coded diffusion-tensor-imaging (ccDTI) allows the structural identification and quantification of myelinated fiber tracts. Particularly, posterior cingulate fiber tracts, which are regarded as important neuronal substrates of the network representing memory processing can be localized only imprecisely by conventional magnetic resonance imaging techniques. The posterior cingulate bundles were assessed by ccDTI in 17 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impair…