Search results for "MST"
showing 10 items of 363 documents
Occurrence of the interference of sperm-associated antibodies on sperm fertilizing ability as evaluated by the sperm-zona pellucida binding test and …
1997
PROBLEM: This study was performed to evaluate the occurrence as well as the level of the interference of sperm-associated antibodies on fertilization process. METHOD: Motile sperm suspensions from 28 infertile patients with high degree of autoimmunization against the sperm head were tested with the zona pellucida (ZP) binding test and with the sperm penetration assay (SPA) enhanced with TEST-yolk buffer. Both tests were also performed using donor sperm exposed and non-exposed to the patients' circulating sperm antibodies. RESULTS: A low ZP-binding was exhibited by sperm from 50% of patients with normal semen profile. All normozoospermic patients with low ZP-binding showed circulating sperm-…
Neurochemistry of olivocochlear neurons in the hamster.
2009
The present study was conducted to characterize the superior olivary complex (SOC) of the lower brain stem in the pigmented Djungarian hamster Phodopus sungorus. Using Nissl-stained serial cryostat sections from fresh-frozen brains, we determined the borders of the SOC nuclei. We also identified olivocochlear (OC) neurons by retrograde neuronal tracing upon injection of Fluoro-Gold into the scala tympani. To evaluate the SOC as a putative source of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), arginine-vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin (OT), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), or pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) that were all found in the cochlea, we conducted immunohistoc…
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity in peripheral and central nerve fibres of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) with special respect t…
1986
Inforimation on the ambient lighting conditions is conveyed from the retina to the pineal organ by a neuronal pathway involving the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which acts as a circadian pacemaker. In the hamster, circadian rhythms have been shown to be influenced by injection of neuropeptide Y (NPY) into the SCN. Since NPY-immunoreactive nerve fibres are present in the rat and guinea-pig pineal glands it appeared of interest to investigate the hamster pineal as part of the circadian rhythm generating/regulating system. For comparison kidney, small intestine and cerebral cortex were studied. Like in the other rodent species so far investigated only a few of the abundant sympathetic nerve f…
Neuropeptide Y: distribution of immunoreactivity and quantitative analysis in diencephalic structures and cerebral cortex of dwarf hamsters under dif…
1995
The distribution of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity (NPY-LI) was investigated by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay (RIA) in the brain of the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus) held under either long or short photoperiods. In the diencephalic and telencephalic structures studied, distinct patterns of NPY-LI were basically consistent in male and female animals of both groups. NPY levels detected by RIA from tissue samples taken at six time points throughout the 24-hour cycle were in the range of 15-60 pmol/mg protein in the diencephalon or below 5 pmol/mg protein in cerebral cortex. In the diencephalon, immunoreactive structures were seen in the preoptic, peri- and paraventri…
Generation of monoclonal antibodies of desired specificity using chimeric polyomavirus-derived virus-like particles.
2005
Foreign protein sequences presented on hamster polyomavirus (HaPyV) major capsid protein VP1-derived virus-like particles (VLPs) have been demonstrated to be highly immunogenic. The current study was aimed to evaluate VP1-derived chimeric VLPs as tools for hybridoma technology to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) of desired specificity. Chimeric VLPs containing inserts of different size and origin were used as immunogens. Chimeric VLPs carrying a 9 amino acid (aa)-long cytotoxic T-cell epitope (STAPPVHNV) of human mucin 1 (MUC1) elicited a strong epitope-specific humoral immune response in mice and promoted the production of MUC1-specific mAbs. From a total of seven mAbs of IgG isotype …
Injury prevention in male youth soccer: Current practices and perceptions of practitioners working at elite English academies
2017
Forty-one practitioners inclusive of physiotherapists, sports scientists and strength and conditioning coaches from the academies of elite soccer clubs in the United Kingdom completed an on-line questionnaire which examined their: (1) background information; (2) perceptions of injury occurrence and risk factors; (3) screening and return to play; and (4) approach to designing and delivering injury prevention programmes with a response rate of 55% (41/75). Contact injuries were the most common mechanism reported and players between 13-16 years of age were perceived to be at the greatest risk. Pertinent risk factors included: reduced lower limb and eccentric hamstring strength, proprioception,…
Elevation of plasma viscosity induces sustained NO-mediated dilation in the hamster cremaster microcirculation in vivo
1997
We studied whether a flow-independent increase of luminal wall shear stress (WSS) could dilate hamster arterioles in vivo and which endothelial mediators are potentially involved. To this end the plasma viscosity was elevated by exchanging blood for dextran-erythrocyte solution thereby augmenting WSS. Diameters of small and large arterioles as well as red blood cell velocities were measured before and after exchange of blood for solutions of identical haematocrit containing either high- (HMWD) or low-molecular weight dextran (LMWD). The potential role of endothelial autacoids was investigated by local application of the NO-synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), the inhibitor of cyc…
Studies on the disposition, metabolism and hepatotoxicity of coumarin in the rat and Syrian hamster.
2002
The hepatotoxicity, metabolism and disposition of coumarin has been compared in male Sprague-Dawley rats and Syrian hamsters. The treatment of rats for 12, 24 and 42 weeks with diets containing 0.2 and 0.5% coumarin resulted in hepatotoxicity and increased relative liver weights. While levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP) and CYP-dependent enzymes were decreased, levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and activities of UDP glucuronosyltransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and GSH S-transferase were increased. In contrast, coumarin produced few hepatic changes in the Syrian hamster. Following a single oral dose of 25 mg/kg [3-14C]coumarin, radioactivity was rapidly excreted by the rat and Syrian ha…
Comparison of Electromyographic Activity During Hip Extension Exercises Under Gravitational or Inertial Loading Conditions.
2021
Background: Hamstring injury prevention programs include strengthening, especially eccentric exercises using both gravitational and inertial loading. Inertial exercises are characterized by eccentric contractions of high intensity and velocity. This study aimed to analyze the muscular activation of the biceps femoris (BF), semitendinosus (ST), gluteus maximus (GM), and gracilis (GC) muscles during hip extension (HE) exercises performed under both gravitational and inertial loading conditions. Hypothesis: Inertial training would generate a greater activation of HE muscles than gravitational training. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Fifteen resistance…
Sex Differences in the Velocity of Muscle Contraction of the Hamstring and Quadriceps Among Recreationally Active Young Adults
2019
Martin-San Agustin, R, Medina-Mirapeix, F, Alakhdar, Y, and Benitez-Martinez, JC. Sex differences in the velocity of muscle contraction of the hamstring and quadriceps among recreationally active young adults. J Strength Cond Res 33(5): 1252-1257, 2019-This study determines sex differences in the velocity of contraction (VC) of 5 isolated muscles (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, and vastus lateralis) and in the relationships between them. Thirty-six female and 34 male recreationally active young adults participated in the study. The VC was measured by tensiomyography using normalized response velocity (Vrn) to perform comparisons. Sex comparisons were adjust…