Search results for "MST"
showing 10 items of 363 documents
Genetically engineered V79 Chinese hamster cells metabolically activate the cytostatic drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide.
1990
V79 cells, genetically engineered to express active cytochromes P450IIB1 and P450IA1, were used to study the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide. Cyclophosphamide, tested up to a concentration of 2 mM, was not cytotoxic in V79 nor in the P450IA1-expressing V79-derived cell line XEM2. Pronounced cytotoxicity was, however, observed in the P450IIB1-expressing V79-derived cell line SD1. Induction of gene mutations (acquisition of 6-thioguanine resistance) was observed in SD1 cells as well, but the effects were weak. Ifosfamide was inactive in V79 cells, but was cytotoxic in SD1 cells. Ifosfamide mustard, an active metabolite of ifosfamide, was equally cytotoxic and …
External Versus Internal Metabolic Activation of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Mutagenicity Tests: A Comparison Using Heterologous Expression Syst…
1996
Abstract Benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol was virtually non-mutagenic to Chinese hamster V79p cells, but was strongly mutagenic to a V79-derived cell line expressing cytochrome P450 1A1, when the cells were exposed separately. In mixed cultures of these two cell types, it showed about 50 % of the mutagenic activity in V79p cells, compared to that observed in the enzyme-proficient cell line, indicating an efficient intercellular transfer of the active metabolite. The benzylic alcohols 1-hydroxymethylpyrene and 6-hydroxymethylbenzo[a]-pyrene were weakly mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA1538 in the absence of a metabolic activation system, but were potent mutagens to a TA1538-derived …
Circadian rhythm and effects of light on cAMP content of the dwarf hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus
1998
The present study was conducted in the dwarf hamster (Phodopus sungorus) to investigate whether a circadian rhythm is present in the content of the second messenger cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the endogenous clock in mammals. In animals held under light/dark conditions (LD), we observed high levels at the end of the light phase and low levels during the night in frozen SCN punches. In animals held in continuous dark, a similar rhythm was seen although a second peak was present in the subjective day. In senile hamsters under LD, the decrease of cAMP levels at the light transition was not seen. These data, obtained for the first time from …
Effects of an eccentric training programme on hamstring strain injuries in women football players
2015
Summary Study aim: to test the hypothesis that an eccentric training programme applied on women football players would reduce the hamstring injury rate by improving thigh muscle balance and, particularly, hamstring strength. Material and methods: three football teams were recruited for this randomised controlled trial. They played in the first and second divisions in Spain. Players were randomised within clubs either to the intervention (eccentric exercises, n = 22) or control (control exercises, n = 21) groups, and randomisation was stratified according to previous history of thigh strains. The eccentric programme was divided into 3 phases, and each phase was composed of 7 weeks. Complianc…
Biceps Femoris Long Head Muscle Fascicles Actively Lengthen During the Nordic Hamstring Exercise
2021
Current debate exists around whether a presumed eccentric exercise, the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE), actually causes active hamstring muscle lengthening. This is because of the decoupling that can occur between the muscle fascicle and muscle-tendon unit (MTU) length changes in relatively compliant human lower-limb MTUs, which results in MTU lengthening not necessarily causing muscle fascicle lengthening. This missing knowledge complicates the interpretation of why the NHE is effective at reducing running-related hamstring muscle injury risk in athletes previously unfamiliar with performing this exercise. The purpose of the study was therefore to investigate if the most-commonly injured …
Pirmstiesas kriminālprocesa pabeigšanas veidi
2022
Tiesību normu mērķis Latvijas Republikā ir valsts, sabiedrības un indivīda interešu aizsardzība likumā noteiktajā kārtībā. Visiem ir zināms, ka noziedzība vienmēr ir pastāvējusi. Būtībā, noziedzība ir spogulis , kas atspoguļo procesus, kas notiek konkrētajā valstī, kā arī izmaiņas šo procesu uztverē. Bakalaura darbā veikts pētījums par pirmstiesas kriminālprocesa pabeigšanas veidiem. Pētījuma mērķis ir analizēt visus pirmstiesas pabeigšanas veidus, apkopot, izanalizēt un izdarīt secinājumus par konkrētu prokuratūru pirmstiesas kriminālprocesu pabeigšanas veidiem un to statistiskajiem rādītājiem. Pētījuma rezultāti norāda uz tiesiskā regulējuma īpatnībām un autore piedāvā priekšlikumus par g…
Apcietinājuma piemērošanas un turpināšanas nepieciešamības izvērtēšana pirmstiesas procesā
2020
Latvijas kriminālprocesa likumā ir paredzēti dažādi drošības līdzekļi, kuru mērķis ir kontrolēt aizdomās turētā vai apsūdzētā uzvedību pirmstiesas procesā. Bargākais no tiem ir apcietinājums, jo visvairāk ierobežo personas tiesības. Strādājot izmeklēšanas tiesneses sastāvā, autorei nāca pie secinājuma, ka tiesiskais regulējums nav pietiekami efektīvs. Darbā izvirzītas tēzes balstās uz ideju, ka pirmstiesas kriminālprocesa adekvāta optimizācija padarītu to efektīvāku, ļautu mazināt izmeklēšanas tiesnešu slodzi un ietaupīt nodokļu maksātāju naudu. Visas zemāk izteiktas tēzes atspoguļo apcietinājuma turpmākas piemērošanas nepieciešamības procesa apstākļus un ar tiem saistītas problēmas. Darbā …
Izmeklēšanas tiesnesis kriminālprocesā
2018
Kriminālprocesa likums tika pieņemts 2005.gada 1.oktobrī un tajā tika iekļauts izmeklēšanas tiesneša institūts, kura galvenais uzdevums ir veikt cilvēku tiesību ierobežojumu kontroles funkciju pirmstiesas procesā. Bakalaura darba mērķis ir izpētīt izmeklēšanas tiesneša statusu gan pirmstiesas kriminālprocesā, gan pirmās instances tiesā līdz iztiesāšanas uzsākšanai, un noskaidrot, ar kādām problēmām saskaras izmeklēšanas tiesneši, pildot savus pienākumus. Lai autores izvirzītais mērķis tiktu sasniegts, bakalaura darbā tiek aplūkota izmeklēšanas tiesneša institūta izcelsme un būtība, kā arī izmeklēšanas tiesneša kompetence. Darba pamatā ir izmantots Latvijas teritorijā esošais normatīvais reg…
Radiosta esiintymislavoille : Georg Malmsténin toiminta vuosina 1941-1948
2012
Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin Georg Malmsténin (1902–1981) toimintaa vuosina 1941–1948. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvata Malmsténin elämää jatkosodan alusta aina siihen saakka, kun hän otti vastaan Helsingin Poliisisoittokunnan kapellimestarin viran. Tutkimuksessa keskityttiin erityisesti Malmsténin tekemiin viihdytyskiertueisiin sekä esiintymisiin Yleisradiossa. Liitteisiin kokosin tutkimaltani ajanjaksolta ensimmäistä kertaa tiedot Malmsténin esiintymisistä asemiesilloissa ja radiossa. Muita tarkastelun kohteita olivat Reino Palmrothin kanssa tehty yhteistyö ja Malmsténin asema sodan jälkeen. Elämäkerrallisen osuuden jälkeen tarkastelin valssien Äänisen aallot ja Muistoja Syvärilt…
Effect of low-load hamstring strength training on the H/Q ratio and electromyographic activity in various gymnastic actions in young aesthetic group …
2013
Muscle balance is an important factor for decreasing injury risks among sports, as weak ago-nist-antagonist strength ratio may predispose to injuries. Hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratio has been studied in several sports in order to describe the muscular balance of thighs. During pubertal longitudinal growth, hamstrings may be weaker due to the mechanical stress of growth. As both hamstring flexibility and knee extension strength are important for aesthetic group gymnastics (AGG), the H/Q strength ratio might be expected to be low among this sport. Describing muscle activation patterns of hamstrings and quadriceps femoris in AGG actions is efficient for determining the H and Q act…