Search results for "Machine"
showing 10 items of 2592 documents
Strain gradient elasticity within the symmetric BEM formulation
2014
The symmetric Galerkin Boundary Element Method is used to address a class of strain gradient elastic materials featured by a free energy function of the (classical) strain and of its (first) gradient. With respect to the classical elasticity, additional response variables intervene, such as the normal derivative of the displacements on the boundary, and the work-coniugate double tractions. The fundamental solutions - featuring a fourth order partial differential equations (PDEs) system - exhibit singularities which in 2D may be of the order 1/ r 4 . New techniques are developed, which allow the elimination of most of the latter singularities. The present paper has to be intended as a resear…
Pascal and the question of technique
2017
The purpose of the essay is to discuss some implications of Pascal's philosophical discourse on the problem of technique and his rejections of Cartesian metaphysics. Author shows a singular perspective about technic in Blaise Pascal's philosophy. This perspective marks the difference with Descartes, linking technic to hearth and memory.
Identifying the primary site of origin of MRI brain metastases from lung and breast cancer following a 2D radiomics approach
2017
Detection of brain metastases in patients with undiagnosed primary cancer is unusual but still an existing phenomenon. In these cases, identifying the cancer site of origin is non-feasible by visual examination of magnetic resonance (MR) images. Recently, radiomics has been proposed to analyze differences among classes of visually imperceptible imaging characteristics. In this study we analyzed 46 T1-weighted MR images of brain metastases from 29 patients: 29 of lung and 17 of breast origin. A total of 43 radiomics texture features were extracted from the metastatic lesions. Support vector machine (SVM) and k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) classifiers were implemented to evaluate the classificati…
Support vector machine classification of brain metastasis and radiation necrosis based on texture analysis in MRI
2015
Purpose To develop a classification model using texture features and support vector machine in contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images to differentiate between brain metastasis and radiation necrosis. Methods Texture features were extracted from 115 lesions: 32 of them previously diagnosed as radiation necrosis, 23 as radiation-treated metastasis and 60 untreated metastases; including a total of 179 features derived from six texture analysis methods. A feature selection technique based on support vector machine was used to obtain a subset of features that provide optimal performance. Results The highest classification accuracy evaluated over test sets was achieved with a subset of ten features…
Bagging, bumping, multiview, and active learning for record linkage with empirical results on patient identity data
2011
Record linkage or deduplication deals with the detection and deletion of duplicates in and across files. For this task, this paper introduces and evaluates two new machine-learning methods (bumping and multiview) together with bagging, a tree-based ensemble-approach. Whereas bumping represents a tree-based approach as well, multiview is based on the combination of different methods and the semi-supervised learning principle. After providing a theoretical background of the methods, initial empirical results on patient identity data are given. In the empirical evaluation, we calibrate the methods on three different kinds of training data. The results show that the smallest training data set, …
On the Construction of Optimum Categories in Biomedical Data Recognition Problems
1979
The recognition of patterns within sets of biomedical data involves the following problems: a) Proper recording of the data to be used b) Extraction of suitable features c) Choice of categories or classes which are relevant to the medical decision task d) Estimation of the underlying distributions in the case of using parametric methods e) Choice of an adequate classification rule Whereas a lot of theories and procedures exists for most of these steps — particularly in the field of computer-aided differential diagnosis of electrocardiograms (ECG) (see [6]) — there has been only rare considerations on the problems of definition of appropriate categories.
Effect of Morphology and Size of Halloysite Nanotubes on Functional Pectin Bionanocomposites for Food Packaging Applications
2017
Pectin bionanocomposite films filled with various concentrations of two different types of halloysite nanotubes were prepared and characterized in this study as potential films for food packaging applications. The two types of halloysite nanotubes were long and thin (patch) (200-30 000 nm length) and short and stubby (Matauri Bay) (50-3000 nm length) with different morphological, physical, and dispersibility properties. Both matrix (pectin) and reinforcer (halloysite nanotubes) used in this study are considered as biocompatible, natural, and low-cost materials. Various characterization tests including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, rele…
A maChine and deep Learning Approach to predict pulmoNary hyperteNsIon in newbornS with congenital diaphragmatic Hernia (CLANNISH): Protocol for a re…
2021
Introduction Outcome predictions of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) still have some limitations in the prenatal estimate of postnatal pulmonary hypertension (PH). We propose applying Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL) approaches to fetuses and newborns with CDH to develop forecasting models in prenatal epoch, based on the integrated analysis of clinical data, to provide neonatal PH as the first outcome and, possibly: favorable response to fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO), need for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), survival to ECMO, and death. Moreover, we plan to produce a (semi)automatic fetus lung segmentation system in Magnetic Resonanc…
On the use of a laboratory-scale Pelton wheel water turbine in renewable energy education
2008
Abstract A laboratory-scale Pelton turbine for hydroelectric generation has been constructed and used in the educational curriculum of The Renewable Energy Programme at the University of Jyvaskyla. The construction of the Pelton turbine, the experimental apparatus and the measurement procedure are described. The apparatus is simple to make and uses inexpensive components, most of which can be found in standard science laboratories. From the experimental results, the turbine was found to have a maximum mechanical efficiency of 0.47 ± 0.02 for a water flow rate of 0.17 l / s . The Pelton turbine and apparatus demonstrate the principles of hydropower and are well suited for education in renewa…
Hyperspectral system for early detection of rottenness caused by Penicillium digitatum in mandarins
2008
Abstract Nowadays, the detection of fruit infected with Penicillium sp. fungi on packing lines is carried out manually under ultraviolet illumination. Ultraviolet sources induce visible fluorescence of essential oils, present in the skin of citrus and which are released by the action of fungi, thus increasing the contrast between sound and rotten skin. This work analyses a set of techniques aimed at detecting rotten citrus without the use of UV lighting. The techniques used include hyperspectral image acquisition, pre-processing and calibration, feature selection and segmentation using linear and non-linear methods for classification of fruits. Different methods such as correlation analysis…