Search results for "Magnetism"

showing 10 items of 1934 documents

Surface critical behaviour near the uniaxial Lifshitz point of the axial next-nearest-neighbour Ising model

1999

The semi-infinite axial next-nearest-neighbour Ising (ANNNI) model in the disordered phase is treated within a molecular-field approximation, and the singularities of various response functions characterizing the critical behaviour at the surface are obtained. In previous work (Binder K and Frisch H L 1999 Eur. Phys. J. B 10 71) the axis where a nearest-neighbour ferromagnetic (J 1 ) and next-nearest-neighbour antiferromagnetic (J 2 ) exchange compete was chosen perpendicular to the surface plane. In the present work we consider an orientation of this axis parallel to the surface, allowing also for different values of these exchange interactions (j 1 ,j 2 ) in the surface plane. We derive t…

PhysicsSurface (mathematics)FerromagnetismCondensed matter physicsPlane (geometry)Critical phenomenaAntiferromagnetismGeneral Materials ScienceIsing modelCondensed Matter PhysicsCritical exponentPhase diagramJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Estimating the magnetic moment of microscopic magnetic sources from their magnetic field distribution in a layer of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in …

2016

We have used a synthetic diamond with a layer of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres to image the magnetic field distributions of magnetic particles on the surface of the diamond. Magnetic field distributions of 4 µ m and 2 µ m ferromagnetic and 500 nm diameter superparamagnetic particles were obtained by measuring the position of the optically detected magnetic resonance peak in the fluorescence emitted by the NV centres for each pixel. We fitted the results to a model in order to determine the magnetic moment of the particles from the magnetic field image and compared the results to the measured magnetic moment of the particles. The best-fit magnetic moment differed from the value expected base…

PhysicsSynthetic diamondCondensed matter physicsMagnetic momentMagnetometerDiamond02 engineering and technologyengineering.material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionMagnetic fieldNuclear magnetic resonanceFerromagnetismlaw0103 physical sciencesengineeringMagnetic nanoparticles010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationSuperparamagnetismThe European Physical Journal Applied Physics
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Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of tetragonalMn3−xGa: Experiments and first-principles calculations

2008

This work reports on the electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of the binary intermetallic compounds ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{3\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Ga}$. The tetragonal ${\mathrm{DO}}_{22}$ phase of the ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{3\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Ga}$ series, with $x$ varying from 0 to 1.0 in steps of $x=0.1$, was successfully synthesized and investigated. It was found that all these materials are hard magnetic, with energy products ranging from $10.1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kJ}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ for low Mn content $(x\ensuremath{\rightarrow}1)$ to $61.6\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kJ}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensurema…

PhysicsTetragonal crystal systemParamagnetismCurie–Weiss lawCondensed matter physicsFerrimagnetismContent (measure theory)Order (ring theory)Curie temperatureType (model theory)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysical Review B
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Cosmological Applications of Extended Electromagnetism

2013

Extended electromagnetism (EE) has been applied to cosmology in various papers. In all of them, the zero order energy density of the EE vector field plays the same role as vacuum energy. Perturbations of this field have been studied by using different approaches. Firstly, some basic equations and ideas are summarized and, then, the CMBFAST code is used to calculate the cosmic microwave background angular power spectrum for appropriate values of the EE parameters. Comparisons of the resulting spectra with a good observational one compatible with WMAP7 (Wilkinson map anisotropy probe 7 years data) seem to be promising. We are currently looking for a set of parameters leading to the best fitti…

PhysicsTheoretical physicsClassical mechanicsField (physics)Vacuum energyElectromagnetismCMBFASTMathematics::History and OverviewCosmic microwave backgroundVector fieldLambda-CDM modelAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCosmology
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Introduction to Spintronics

2015

Spintronics was born in 1988 with the discovery of GMR provided simultaneously by A. Fert and P. Grunberg and rewarded in 2007 with the Nobel Prize in Physics. This field has since been largely exploited on the market, for example it has been at the base of every hard disk read head. Spintronics field is extremely active and interesting from both a fundamental point of view and for technological applications. Currently, with the aim at new functionalities, there is an increased activity from materials research perspective to understand and develop spintronics devices using materials with new properties like carbon nanotubes, graphene, topological insulators and molecules. This chapter will …

PhysicsTunnel magnetoresistanceSpintronicsSpin polarizationMagnetoresistanceFerromagnetismGraphenelawTopological insulatorEngineering physicsQuantum tunnellinglaw.invention
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Néel Vector Induced Manipulation of Valence States in the Collinear Antiferromagnet Mn 2 Au

2020

The coupling of real and momentum space is utilized to tailor electronic properties of the collinear metallic antiferromagnet Mn2Au by aligning the real space Neel vector indicating the direction o...

PhysicsValence (chemistry)Condensed matter physicsGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyPosition and momentum spaceAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy02 engineering and technologyElectronic structure010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologyElectronic propertiesACS Nano
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Magnetic transitions in double perovskiteSr2FeRe1−xSbxO6(0⩽x⩽0.9)

2006

The double perovskites ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}\mathrm{Fe}M{\mathrm{O}}_{6}$ $(M=\mathrm{Re},\mathrm{Mo})$ belong to the important class of half-metallic magnetic materials. In this study we explore the effect of replacing the electronic $5d$ buffer element Re with variable valency by the main group element Sb with fixed valency. X-ray diffraction reveals ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{FeRe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{6}$ $(0lxl0.9)$ to crystallize without antisite disorder in the tetragonally distorted perovskite structure (space group $I4∕mmm$). The ferrimagnetic behavior of the parent compound ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{FeReO}}_{6}$ changes to antiferromagnetic upon Sb subst…

PhysicsValence (chemistry)Condensed matter physicsValencyCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic susceptibilityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyFerrimagnetismSuperexchangeAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPerovskite (structure)Physical Review B
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Electrically switchable magnetic exchange in the vibronic model of linear mixed valence triferrocenium complex

2018

In this article, we report our development of a vibronic model for the electric-field control of antiferromagnetic superexchange in the mixed-valence (MV) triferrocenium complex FeIII-FeII-FeIII proposed as a possible candidate for the molecular implementation of a quantum logic gate. Along with the electronic interactions, such as electron transfer between the iron ions in different oxidation degrees and Coulomb repulsion of the extra holes, the proposed model of the triferrocenium complex also takes into account the vibronic coupling as an inherent ingredient of the problem of mixed valency. The latter is described by the conventional Piepho-Krauzs-Shatz (PKS) model adapted to the linear …

PhysicsValence (chemistry)Valency02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physics0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryVibronic couplingDelocalized electronElectron transferSuperexchangeMolecular vibrationAntiferromagnetism0210 nano-technologyDalton Transactions
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Inverse dispersion engineering in silicon waveguides

2014

We present a numerical tool that searches an optimal cross section geometry of silicon-on-insulator waveguides given a target dispersion profile. The approach is a gradient-based multidimensional method whose efficiency resides on the simultaneous calculation of the propagation constant derivatives with respect to all geometrical parameters of the structure by using the waveguide mode distribution. The algorithm is compatible with regular mode solvers. As an illustrative example, using a silicon slot hybrid waveguide with 4 independent degrees of freedom, our approach finds ultra-flattened (either normal or anomalous) dispersion over 350 nm bandwidth in less than 10 iterations.

PhysicsWaveguide (electromagnetism)Siliconbusiness.industryBandwidth (signal processing)Mathematical analysischemistry.chemical_elementInverseStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsÒpticaAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNonlinear systemOpticschemistryPropagation constantbusinessRefractive indexPhotonic-crystal fiber
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Time-Domain Integration of Terahertz pulses

2021

We report on the time-domain integration of terahertz pulses obtained via the tight confinement of the radiation in a tapered two-wire waveguide. Both simulation and experimental results prove the time integration capability of this structure.

PhysicsWaveguide (electromagnetism)business.industryTerahertz radiationPhysics::OpticsElectromagnetic radiationSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaTerahertz spectroscopy and technologyTerahertz Time-Domain Integrationsymbols.namesakeOptical rectificationFourier transformsymbolsOptoelectronicsHeterodyne detectionTime domainbusiness
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