Search results for "Manipulation"

Guide pour l'ergonomie des interfaces homme-machine

1998

Rapport de contrat Bull INRIA; Spécifications ergonomiques pour la conception des interfaces logicielles Bull

Jane Austen ou la caricature littéraire domestique

2009

Far from the political or literary caricature in vogue in eighteenth-century England, Jane Austen created what could be called domestic caricature. Its targets are all those who feel that they possess superior wisdom or know-how, but also all the empty-headed and long-winded bores who it was a well-brought-up woman's duty to listen to patiently. This article will try to uncover what is specific in Jane Austen's caricature. Basing her work on ordinary social interaction and conversation, she exposes the shape(lessness) of speech and (mis) construction of discourses that characterise this would-be superiority. The article will also try to see how far Austen's work on caricature can be called …

La nécessaire manipulation des variables « didactiques ».

2010

Extrémisme et monomanie

2002

The paper defines an extremist as an individual whose ideal point in the issue space is extreme in some dimension, and a "monomaniac" (no derogatory connotation) as an individual for whom one issue is given more weight, has greater "salience", than the others. This difference in salience is reflected in the spatial theory of voting by indifference curves taking the form of ellipses. Using this theoretical framework, it is showed that monomaniacs, even though they are not necessarily also extremists, can easily be induced by extremist politicians to form or support extremist coalitions. This phenomenon can account for a number of the observed characteristics of extremist movements. It also h…

Manipulacyjne wykorzystanie słowa park w nazwach osiedli mieszkaniowych

2020

Artykuł opisuje częste obecnie zjawisko wykorzystywania w celach komercyjnych słowa park w nazwach obiektów miejskich, głównie osiedli mieszkaniowych. Nazwy te łudzą obietnicą życia w korzystnych warunkach, przesłaniając fakt, że ich budowanie nieodłącznie wiąże się z uszczuplaniem terenów zielonych w mieście. Firmy deweloperskie przenoszą na tworzone przez siebie nazwy wysoce pozytywne asocjacje, jakie wywołuje tradycyjnie rozumiany park, pierwsza część artykułu przedstawia więc treści semantyczne, które składają się na to pojęcie. Część druga pokazuje, w jaki sposób deweloperzy uzasadniają swe nazwy, kreując ich związek z realnymi cechami lokalizacji lub architektury osiedli, a także łącz…

Persuasión, manipulación y (des)cortesía en los anuncios de televenta

2012

Imperceptible boundaries between information, in many cases argumentation and manipulation are difficult to draw, even in advertising discourse. In fact, due to its explicit propagandistic vocation, advertising and, in the specific case, teleshopping spots are a paradigmatic example of discursive realization, whereby advertising agent, adopting different strategies, builds a message aimed at convincing his interlocutor of the "advisability" to purchase a commercial product. This study is an attempt to shed light on some aspects of the complex world of advertising communication. Specifically, it seeks to demonstrate how teleshopping spots, being a “testo unidirezionale” (Lo Cascio, 1991: 101…

Chemically Stressed Bacterial Communities in Anaerobic Digesters Exhibit Resilience and Ecological Flexibility

2020

Anaerobic digestion is a technology known for its potential in terms of methane production. During the digestion process, multiple metabolites of high value are synthesized. However, recent works have demonstrated the high robustness and resilience of the involved microbiomes; these attributes make it difficult to manipulate them in such a way that a specific metabolite is predominantly produced. Therefore, an exact understanding of the manipulability of anaerobic microbiomes may open up a treasure box for bio-based industries. In the present work, the effect of nalidixic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and sodium phosphate on the microbiome of digested sewage sludge from a water treatmen…

Chemical Ecology of Insect Parasitoids: Essential Elements for Developing Effective Biological Control Programmes

2013

Insect parasitoids can find their hosts in complex environments and reproduce through a series of behavioural steps which are regulated mainly by chemical cues, termed semiochemicals. According to functional criteria, stimuli can be classified into four main categories: (A) cues coming from the habitat, the host microhabitat or the food plant, (B) direct host‐related cues, (C) indirect host‐related cues, and (D) cues coming from the parasitoid itself. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in elucidating the semiochemicals used by parasitoids to locate their hosts. Several studies provided interesting prospective for manipulating foraging behaviour of parasitoids in order to i…

Ploidy manipulation for genetic improvement in some Mediterranean fruit crops

2017

Plant breeding is focused on selection of new genotypes with improved traits. Conventional methods based on hybridization and those based on biotechnology (somatic hybridization, genetic transformation, ploidy manipulation, etc.) are used to create novel genetic variations. Biotechnology provides powerful tools for plant breeding, for instance, haploid technology allows achievement of homozygous lines from heterozygous parents in one step, which reduces significantly the time required by conventional methods. Concerning woody species, characterized by self-incompatibility, long juvenile period and high degree of heterozygosity, this technique is the only way to get homozygous lines. Haploid…

Technologies for cultivation and exploitation of microalgae in industrial applications

2020

This thesis work is focused on technologies for the development of the microalgal industry. During this 3-years PhD work several themes were addressed. Section 1 consists in a literature review concerning the general features of microalgae, their composition and a description of the photosynthetic process. Furthermore, themes such as biosynthetic pathways, growth kinetics, microalgae cultivation and their applications are reviewed. Section 2 focuses on the genetic manipulation of microalgae aimed at producing a vitamin B12-enriched food supplement. In this case, the human intrinsic factor gene, was inserted in the genome of the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinardhtii in order to integrate new …