Search results for "Maran"

Mangleticornia (Amaranthaceae: Salicornioideae) — a new sister for Salicornia from the Pacific coast of South America

2017

Mangleticornia ecuadorensis is a newly recognized monotypic genus from SW Ecuador and adjacent N Peru, where it had previously been identified as Salicornia fruticosa (Arthrocnemum fruticosum) or S. peruviana. It occurs on the coast adjacent to or in Equatorial-Pacific mangroves. Molecular phylogenetic evidence determines that this genus is distinct from and sister to Salicornia sensu lato, and is supported by morphological evidence. The genus is distinguished by a unique combination of characters that are otherwise rare in Salicornioideae: flowers without a visible perianth, anthers and stigmas exserted through pores in the fleshy cortical tissue of the segments, fruit included in the segm…

Evolutionary ecology of fast seed germination—A case study in Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae

2017

Abstract Germination is a vulnerable and risky step in a plant’s life cycle. Particularly under harsh environmental conditions, where time windows favourable for seedling establishment and survival are short or unpredictable, germination speed might play a highly adaptive role. We investigated the germination speed of 107 Amaranthaceae s.l. at two different temperatures and related the results to various plant and habitat traits taking into account the molecular phylogenetic relatedness of the species sampled. Germination speed is a fast evolving trait in Amaranthaceae s.l. It evolves towards significantly faster optima in C4 and halophyte lineages, albeit for different reasons. While C4 ph…

‘False resupination’ in the flower-pairs of Thalia (Marantaceae)

2016

Abstract Resupination, i.e., the turn by 180°, arranges zygomorphic flowers in a suitable position for pollination. It is well-known from orchids, but also occurs in further angiosperm families. Within the genus Thalia L. (Marantaceae), T. dealbata has erect and T. geniculata pendulous inflorescences. Nevertheless, in both species the zygomorphic flower-pairs show the right position for pollination. Thus, resupination is expected in Marantaceae. To reconstruct spatial arrangement, flower development was investigated from meristem formation to anthesis. Early morphogenetic stages were analysed under the scanning electron microscope, late stages were documented by time-lapse records. Gravity …

Chemical composition, herbicidal and antifungal activity of Satureja cuneifolia essential oils from Spain

2016

The chemical composition of essential oils from Satureja cuneifolia growing in east Spain was analyzed by GC, GC/MS. Forty-five compounds accounting for 99.1% of the total oil were identified. Camphor (47.6%), followed by camphene (13.6%) were the main compounds. Their herbicidal and antifungal activity was tested in vitro against three weeds (Amaranthus hybridus, Portulaca oleracea and Conyza canadensis) and eleven common pathogenic or saprophytic fungi (Phytophthora citrophthora, P. palmivora, Pythium litorale, Verticillium dahlia, Rhizoctonia solani, Penicillium hirsutum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum, Phaemoniella chlamydospora, Cylindrocarpon liriodendri a…

Mandible morphology, dental microwear, and diet of the extinct giant rats Canariomys (Rodentia: Murinae) of the Canary Islands (Spain)

2010

An ecomorphological approach of mandible shape through Fourier analyses combined with a paleodietary analysis of dental microwear patterns is used to reconstruct the diet of the extinct endemic Canariomys bravoi Crusafont, Pairo & Petter, 1964 and Canariomys tamarani Lopez-Martinez & Lopez-Jurado, 1987. These two large rodents, respectively, lived on Tenerife and Gran Canaria, the central islands of the Canarian Archipelago. Mandible shape and dental microwear respectively inform us on the volume of vegetal matter and on the presence of grass in the diet. Both Canariomys, which are of similar size, possess relatively similar mandible outlines and microwear patterns. For each species, a diet…

Decoupling of light intensity effects on the growth and development of C3 and C4 weed species through sucrose supplementation

2002

Light availability has a profound effect on plant growth and development. One of the ways to study the effects of light intensity on plant growth and development without the confounding problem of photosynthate availability is sucrose injection/supplementation. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of light levels (0% and 75% shade) and sucrose injection (distilled water or 150 g sucrose l(-1)) on three weed species: redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L., C4), lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L., C3) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic., C3). The average total sucrose uptake was 7.6 and 5.9 g per plant for 0% and 75% shading, respectively, representing 47…

Phylogeny, biogeography and systematics of Dysphanieae (Amaranthaceae)

2021

After a rather turbulent taxonomic history, Dysphanieae (Chenopodioideae, Amaranthaceae) were established to contain five genera, four of which are monospecific (Cycloloma, Neomonolepis, Suckleya, Teloxys) and geographically restricted, and the fifth genus, Dysphania, having a nearly worldwide distribution and comprising ca. 50 species. This study investigates the phylogeny, biogeography and taxonomy of Dysphanieae. We studied specimens from 32 herbaria to infer morphological differences and distribution areas of the species and sampled 121 accessions representing 39 accepted species of the tribe for molecular phylogenetic analyses. The molecular phylogeny tested generic relationships of th…

Phylogeny, biogeography, systematics and taxonomy of Salicornioideae (Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae) – A cosmopolitan, highly specialized hygrohalophy…

2017

Vascular bundle modifications in nodes and internodes of climbing Marantaceae

2020

AbstractNodes are interfaces between stems and leaves. Vascular bundles originate here and elongate into leaves and internodes. In Marantaceae, internodal bundles are highly diverse, including inverted bundles in the climbing genus Haumania. The objective of this paper is to characterize bundle forms, their position across the stem and their connection to leaves and short shoots in Haumania spp. and other unrelated African branch-angle climbers in the family (Hypselodelphys, Trachyphrynium). We question whether bundle inversion is a genus-specific trait in Haumania or related to the climbing growth form. Vascular bundles in internodes are scattered across the stem diameter in a characterist…

BvCOLD1: A novel aquaporin from sugar beet (Beta vulgarisL.) involved in boron homeostasis and abiotic stress

2018

Beta vulgaris (sugar beet) is one of the most important industrial crops. Screening of a cDNA library for sugar beet genes able to confer cold tolerance upon overexpression in yeast identified a novel aquaporin, which we named BvCOLD1. The amino acid sequence of BvCOLD1 indicated that an acidic protein (pI 5.18) is similar to tonoplast intrinsic protein aquaporins. RNA expression analysis indicated that BvCOLD1 is expressed in all sugar beet organs. Confocal microscopy of a green fluorescent protein-tagged version localized BvCOLD1 in the endoplasmic reticulum in yeast and in plant cells. Experiments in yeast showed that BvCOLD1 has an important role in transporting several molecules, among…