Search results for "Materials"

showing 10 items of 29608 documents

Rayleigh-instability-driven dewetting of thin Au and Ag films on indium-tin-oxide surface under nanosecond laser irradiations

2013

Investigations have been carried out on laser-beam-induced nanoparticle (NP) formation in thin (5 nm) Au and Ag films on indium-tin-oxide substrate. After the irradiation the films were observed to break-up into NPs through a dewetting mechanism. This mechanism was investigated as a Rayleigh-instability- driven process. In fact, for each used laser fluence, the resulting Au and Ag NPs' mean size and surface-to-surface mean distance were quantified and correlated between them in the framework of the Rayleigh-instability theory showing an excellent agreement. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2013.

quantitative analysiAnalytical chemistrymetallic thin filmsNanoparticleAg filmSubstrate (electronics)IndiumSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicaindium tin oxidePhysics::Fluid DynamicsGeneral Materials Sciencesilver nanoparticle articleDewettingRayleigh–Taylor instabilityOxide filmNuclear Experimentdegradationparticle sizeCondensed Matter PhysicsIndium tin oxideNanolithographydewettingnanomaterialIndium-tin-oxide substratechemical reactionMaterials sciencesurface propertyBiomedical EngineeringBioengineeringMean size GoldFluencenanoanalysiCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOpticsMean distanceIrradiationtheoryLaser theorymetal nanoparticlerayleigh instability theorybusiness.industrylaser beam effectsLaser fluencelasernanofilmTin Silver gold nanoparticlenanofabricationnanoparticlesDe-wettingbusiness
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Correspondence between generalized binomial field states and coherent atomic states

2008

We show that the N-photon generalized binomial states of electromagnetic field may be put in a bijective mapping with the coherent atomic states of N two-level atoms. We exploit this correspondence to simply obtain both known and new properties of the N-photon generalized binomial states. In particular, an over-complete basis of these binomial states and an orthonormal basis are obtained. Finally, the squeezing properties of generalized binomial state are analyzed.

quantum statesBinomial (polynomial)Basis (linear algebra)Binomial approximationGeneral Physics and AstronomyState (functional analysis)Gaussian binomial coefficientsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicssymbolsCoherent statesMultinomial theoremGeneral Materials ScienceOrthonormal basisStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMathematicsThe European Physical Journal Special Topics
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Novel qutrit circuit design for multiplexer, De-multiplexer, and decoder

2022

AbstractDesigning conventional circuits present many challenges, including minimizing internal power dissipation. An approach to overcoming this problem is utilizing quantum technology, which has attracted significant attention as an alternative to Nanoscale CMOS technology. The reduction of energy dissipation makes quantum circuits an up-and-coming emerging technology. Ternary logic can potentially diminish the quantum circuit width, which is currently a limitation in quantum technologies. Using qutrit instead of qubit could play an essential role in the future of quantum computing. First, we propose two approaches for quantum ternary decoder circuit in this context. Then, we propose a qua…

quantum ternary logicqutritModeling and Simulationrestoration techniqueSignal ProcessingStatistical and Nonlinear Physicsnon-restoration techniqueElectrical and Electronic Engineeringkvanttilaskentaquantum computingTheoretical Computer ScienceElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials
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Vortex dynamics in rotating counterflow and plane Couette and Poiseuille turbulence in superfluid Helium

2008

An equation previously proposed to describe the evolution of vortex line density in rotating counterflow turbulent tangles in superfluid helium is generalized to incorporate nonvanishing barycentric velocity and velocity gradients. Our generalization is compared with an analogous approach proposed by Lipniacki, and with experimental results by Swanson et al. in rotating counterflow, and it is used to evaluate the vortex density in plane Couette and Poiseuille flows of superfluid helium.

quantum vorticePhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesTurbulencePlane (geometry)Condensed Matter::OtherFOS: Physical sciencesLaminar flowVorticityCondensed Matter PhysicsHagen–Poiseuille equationNonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice Gasessuperfluid turbulenceElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsVortexCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterPhysics::Fluid Dynamicscoflow and counterflowClassical mechanicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaCouette flowSuperfluid helium-4Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Like Parents, like Teenagers: A Romanian Youth Smoking Overview

2015

AbstractThis paper estimates how family model influences youth's smoking behaviors and describes smoking behavior in Romania nowadays. A questionnaire-based survey was used and data was collected from a national sample (1,364 people: 536 male and 828 female; average age 22,71 years and SD=3,128). The paper analyses only the items relevant for smoking behavior.Using a quasi-experimental design, we found a significant difference determinated by father's model (ρ(1364)= 0,158, p < 0,05), mother's model (ρ(1362)=0,155, p < 0,05), and brothers/sisters’ model (ρ(1362)=0,219, p < 0,05), regarding smoking behavior.Keywords: smoking behaviour, Romanian teenagers, parental model, Health Psychology

quasi-experimentRomanianSignificant differenceSample (statistics)Youth smokingsmokinglanguage.human_languageSmoking behaviorHealth psychologyfamily influencesFamily modellanguageGeneral Materials ScienceadolescentsPsychologyQuasi-experimentDemographyProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
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Finnish upper secondary level students' experiences and preferences of user-generated media content in the EFL classroom

2017

Kielten opiskelu on yhä multimodaalisempaa. Tutkimustieto tietyistä medioista ja välineistä luokkahuoneessa on kasvanut viimeisen vuosikymmenen aikana sekä kansainvälisesti, että Suomessa. Erityisesti opettajien näkemyksiä ja kokemuksia erilaisten internet materiaalien käytöstä osana opetusta on tutkittu, mutta tämän seurauksena oppilaiden näkökulma on jäänyt vähäiseksi. Tutkielman fokukseksi valikoitui käyttäjäkeskeiset mediat. Käyttäjäkeskeisillä medioilla tarkoitetaan internet materiaaleja, joiden sisältö on sivun käyttäjien tuottamaa ja jakamaa. Käyttäjäkeskeisten medioiden huomio keskittyy siis luovaan sisältöön ja sen tuottamiseen. Tästä hyviä esimerkkejä ovat muun muassa YouTube ja W…

questionnaireEFLstudent perspectivelearning materialsuser-generated content
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Rac1-Regulated Endothelial Radiation Response Stimulates Extravasation and Metastasis That Can Be Blocked by HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

2011

Radiotherapy (RT) plays a key role in cancer treatment. Although the benefit of ionizing radiation (IR) is well established, some findings raise the possibility that irradiation of the primary tumor not only triggers a killing response but also increases the metastatic potential of surviving tumor cells. Here we addressed the question of whether irradiation of normal cells outside of the primary tumor augments metastasis by stimulating the extravasation of circulating tumor cells. We show that IR exposure of human endothelial cells (EC), tumor cells (TC) or both increases TC-EC adhesion in vitro. IR-stimulated TC-EC adhesion was blocked by the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor lovastatin. Glycyrr…

rac1 GTP-Binding ProteinPathologyCancer TreatmentToxicologyPolymerase Chain ReactionMetastasisMetastasisMiceCirculating tumor cellMolecular Cell BiologyBasic Cancer ResearchNeoplasm MetastasisMice Inbred BALB CMultidisciplinarybiologyChemistryQRTotal body irradiationPrimary tumorExtravasationOncologyMedicineElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelLovastatinE-SelectinWhole-Body IrradiationResearch Articlemedicine.drugDrugs and Devicesmedicine.medical_specialtyGenetic ToxicologyScienceBlotting WesternRadiation TherapyCardiovascular PharmacologyE-selectinCell AdhesionmedicineAnimalsHumansLovastatinCell adhesionBiologyDNA PrimersBase SequenceGlycyrrhizic Acidmedicine.diseaseCancer researchbiology.proteinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsExtravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic MaterialsPLoS ONE
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High Bias Voltage CZT Detectors for High-flux Measurements

2017

In this work, we present the performance of new travelling heater method (THM) grown CZT detectors, recently developed at IMEM-CNR Parma, Italy. Thick planar detectors (3 mm thick) with gold electroless contacts on CZT crystals grown by Redlen Technologies (Victoria BC, Canada) were realized, with a planar cathode covering the detector surface (4.1 x 4.1 mm(2)) and a central anode (2 x 2 mm(2)) surrounded by a guard ring electrode. The detectors, characterized by low leakage currents at room temperature (4.7 nA/cm(2) at 1000 V/cm), allow good room temperature operation even at high bias voltages (> 7000 V/cm). At low rates, the detectors exhibit an energy resolution around 4 % FWIEM at 59.5…

radiation detectorRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials sciencePreamplifier02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlawpixel0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy Physic010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleElectrical engineeringBiasing021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhoton countingCathodeSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)AnodeElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCZTFull width at half maximumHigh Fluxhigh bias voltageOptoelectronicssemiconductor detector0210 nano-technologybusinessVoltage
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Microscale X-ray mapping of CZT arrays: Spatial dependence of amplitude, shape and multiplicity of detector pulses

2018

In this work, we present the results of a microscale X-ray mapping of a 2 mm thick CZT pixel detector, with pixel pitches of 500 μm and 250 μm, using collimated synchrotron X-ray sources at the Diamond Light source (U. K.). The detector is dc coupled to a fast and low noise ASIC (PIXIE ASIC), characterized only by the preamplifier stage. A custom 16-channel digital readout electronics was used, able to perform online fast pulse shape and height analysis (PSHA), with low dead time and reasonable energy resolution at both low and high fluxes. The detector allows high bias voltage operation (&gt; 5000 V/cm) and good energy resolution at room temperature (5.3 %, 2.3 % and 2.1 % FWHM at 22.1, 59…

radiation detectorRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePreamplifier01 natural sciencesCollimated light030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCharge sharinglaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticslaw0103 physical scienceshigh fluxmappingInstrumentation010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryASICDetectorBiasingDead timeSynchrotronSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)CZTFull width at half maximumsinchrotron radiationbusiness
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Strongly Coupled Coherent Phonons in Single-Layer MoS 2

2019

We present a transient absorption setup combining broadband detection over the visible-UV range with high temporal resolution ($\sim$20fs) which is ideally suited to trigger and detect vibrational coherences in different classes of materials. We generate and detect coherent phonons (CPs) in single layer (1L) MoS$_2$, as a representative semiconducting 1L-transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD), where the confined dynamical interaction between excitons and phonons is unexplored. The coherent oscillatory motion of the out-of-plane $A'_{1}$ phonons, triggered by the ultrashort laser pulses, dynamically modulates the excitonic resonances on a timescale of few tens fs. We observe an enhancement by…

ramanspectroscopyPhononExcitonGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)thz phonons010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMolecular physicssymbols.namesakephotoinduced bandgap renormalizationtransient absorption spectroscopyUltrafast laser spectroscopyMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)General Materials Sciencepulsesexciton−phonon interactionPhysicsab initio calculationCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicstransition metal dichalcogenidesgrapheneGeneral Engineeringmonolayer mos2ResonanceMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)excitationmonodynamicsPhysics - Applied Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesAmplitudeOrders of magnitude (time)coherent phononsexciton-phonon interactionsymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyExcitationACS Nano
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