Search results for "Mathematica"

showing 10 items of 7971 documents

A more efficient method for clustering sheet metal shapes

2007

The nesting of two-dimensional irregular shapes is a common problem which is frequently encountered by a number of industries where raw material has to be, as economically as possible, cut from a given stock sheet. A frequently recurring problem as far as cutting stock is concerned, is how to obtain the best nesting of some pieces of flat patterns which occupy minimalarea convex enclosure. The area of convex enclosure is related to the convex hull of the union of patterns which can be imagined as a large rubber band surrounding the set of all polygons. Our goal is to automatically obtain the smallest area convex shape containing all the patterns. As a matter of fact, Cheng and Rao have prop…

Convex hullMathematical optimizationPoint in polygonPolygon coveringMechanics of MaterialsComputer scienceMechanical EngineeringStar-shaped polygonPolygonConvex setGeneral Materials SciencePolygon meshRectilinear polygon
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On robustness and dynamics in (un)balanced coalitional games

2012

In this paper we investigate robustness and dynamics for coalitional games with transferable utilities (TU games). In particular we study sequences of TU games. These sequences model dynamic situations in which the values of coalitions of players are not known beforehand, and are subject to changes over time. An allocation rule assigns a payoff to each player in each time period. This payoff is bounded by external restrictions, for example due to contractual agreements. Our main questions are: (i) under which conditions do the allocations converge to a core-element of the game, and (ii) when do the allocations converge to some specific allocation, the so-called nominal allocation? The main …

Cooperative game theoryIR-81399Computer scienceCoalitional games with transferable utilitiesStochastic gameComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTINGEWI-22156METIS-287968TheoryofComputation_GENERALCooperative game theorygame theory controlRobust allocation processesControl and Systems EngineeringRobustness (computer science)Bounded functionCoreElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSettore MAT/09 - Ricerca OperativaMathematical economics
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Plasmon de surface de particules métalliques toroïdales

2006

This thesis deals with the optical properties of small metal torii. A method of resolution of the equation of Laplace in toroidal coordinates is introduced and the radiative properties of the metal toric nanoparticules are studied within the electrostatic framework. The study on the eigenmodes spatial distribution suggests that metal nanotorus can carry a non-zero magnetic dipole moment at optical frequencies. Analytical expressions for the extinction and scattering cross sections of the torus are also found and compared with numerical simulations and experimental results obtained with collaborations. The sensitivity of the plasmon frequency to the refraction index of the external medium an…

Coordonnées toroïdalesPlasmon de surfaceextinctiondipôle magnétiqueNon-retarded approximationtenseur de Green[PHYS.MPHY] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]TorusScatteringModes propresDiffusionGreen dyadic methodSurface plasmonabsoptionApproximation non retardéedipôle électrique[ PHYS.MPHY ] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Eigenmode
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A review of colour center and nanostructure creation in LiF under heavy ion irradiation

2015

A study of radiation damage in LiF crystals under irradiation with MeV–GeV energy ions, from 12C to 238U, at temperatures varying from 8 to 300 K, depending on the ion energy, energy loss and irradiation temperature, is presented. For light ions (12C, 14N) at low fluences, it is mainly color centers that are created. Increasing the fluence leads to the overlapping of tracks and the creation of more complex color centers, defect aggregates and dislocations. For ions with an energy loss above a threshold value (dE/dx = 10 keV nm−1) the tracks exhibit a central core damage region with a radius of 1–2 nm, surrounded by an extended halo which mainly contains single color centers. In this case, i…

Core (optical fiber)Materials scienceNanostructureRadiation damageRadiusHaloIrradiationAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsFluenceMathematical PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonPhysica Scripta
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Granulometric moments and corneal endothelium status

2001

Abstract Specular microscopy is a common practice in Ophthalmology. The corneal endothelium status is usually evaluated by means of the density, the hexagonality, the mean, the standard deviation and the coefficient of variation of cell areas. We propose to replace the cell area moments by the corresponding moments of a different probability distribution, the granulometric size distribution associated to a disc. All cells touching the frame are ignored by the area moments but used by the granulometric moments. Twenty images have been analyzed. When the size of the focused region is reduced, the area moments show a greater variation than the corresponding granulometric moments.

Corneal endotheliumArtificial IntelligenceCoefficient of variationSignal ProcessingMathematical analysisSPECULAR MICROSCOPYStatisticsProbability distributionComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSoftwareStandard deviationShape analysis (digital geometry)MathematicsPattern Recognition
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Classifying human endothelial cells based on individual granulometric size distributions

2002

Abstract This paper presents an application to a medical problem of methods of shape analysis based on mathematical morphology. The medical problem consists on the detection of abnormalities in the corneal endothelium, a tissue composed by quasi-planar cells of ideally regular hexagonal shape. Images of this tissue are taken by a specular microscope and used to evaluate the corneal endothelium status. Up to now, cell density, hexagonality and an analysis of cell areas are the usual descriptors of a corneal endothelium. These parameters are not sensitive enough to detect subtle lesions. What this paper proposes is an analysis based on granulometries, which are size-shape descriptors widely u…

Corneal endotheliumgenetic structuresComputer scienceHexagonal crystal systemSignal ProcessingCell densitySPECULAR MICROSCOPYCell analysisComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionMathematical morphologyBiological systemShape analysis (digital geometry)Image and Vision Computing
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Seernes opplevelse av nettbaserte gudstjenester

2021

Author's accepted manuscript. When the corona pandemic became a fact, many parishes within the Church of Norway chose to start video streaming of services as a substitute for gatherings in the church. This article is based on a survey done among viewers of these broadcasts and sheds light on how online worship services were received. The findings from the survey show that the viewers value recognizability and authenticity, but at the same time expect the service to be adapted to the medium since the situation of viewing on a screen is quite different from being in a church.

Corona (optical phenomenon)TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESVDP::Humaniora: 000::Teologi og religionsvitenskap: 150::Teologi: 151MediationSociologyVDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Medievitenskap og journalistikk: 310Social psychologyKirke og Kultur
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A Novel Heuristic Global Algorithm to Predict the COVID-19 Pandemic Trend

2020

SummaryMathematical models are useful tools to predict the course of an epidemic. A heuristic global Gaussian-function-based algorithm for predicting the COVID-19 pandemic trend is proposed for estimating how the temporal evolution of the pandemic develops by predicting daily COVID-19 deaths, for up to 10 days, starting with the day the prediction is made. The validity of the proposed heuristic global algorithm was tested in the case of China (at different temporal stages of the pandemic). The algorithm was used to obtain predictions in six different locations: California, New York, Iran, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the entire United States, and in all cases the prediction was confirmed…

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Mathematical modelComputer scienceHeuristicSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)PandemicAlgorithm
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A systematic comparison of kinetic modelling methods generating parametric maps for [11C]-(R)-PK11195

2006

[(11)C]-(R)-PK11195 is presently the most widely used radiotracer for the monitoring of microglia activity in the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a critical role in acute and chronic diseases of the central nervous system and in host defence against neoplasia. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the reliability and sensitivity of five kinetic modelling methods for the formation of parametric maps from dynamic [(11)C]-(R)-PK11195 studies. The methods we tested were the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM), basis pursuit, a simple target-to-reference ratio, the Logan plot and a wavelet based Logan plot. For the reliabilit…

Correlation coefficientComputer scienceCognitive NeuroscienceBasis pursuitKinetic energySensitivity and SpecificityWaveletAlzheimer DiseaseModelling methodsComputer GraphicsImage Processing Computer-AssistedCluster AnalysisHumansPharmacokineticsCarbon RadioisotopesMathematical ComputingParametric statisticsBrain Mappingbusiness.industryBrainIsoquinolinesReceptors GABA-ALogan plotHuntington DiseaseNeurologyPositron-Emission TomographyMicrogliaNuclear medicinebusinessNeuroImage
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Information and hierarchical structure in financial markets

1999

I investigate the information content present in the time series of stock prices of a portfolio of stocks traded in a financial market. By investigating the correlation coefficient between pairs of stocks I provide a working definition of a generalized distance between the stocks of the portfolio. This generalized distance is used to obtain an ultrametric distance matrix between the stocks. The ultrametric structure of the portfolio investigated has associated a taxonomy which is meaningful from an economic point of view.

Correlation coefficientDistance matrixHardware and ArchitectureFinancial marketEconometricsEconomicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPortfolioMathematical economicsUltrametric spaceStock (geology)Computer Physics Communications
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