Search results for "Mathematical physics"

showing 10 items of 2687 documents

Subwavelength beams with polarization singularities in plasmonic metamaterials

2014

We investigated the diffraction behavior of plasmonic Bessel beams propagating in metal-dielectric stratified materials and wire media. Our results reveal various regimes in which polarization singularities are selectively maintained. This polarization-pass effect can be controlled by appropriately setting the filling factor of the metallic inclusions and its internal periodic distribution. These results may have implications in the development of devices at the nanoscale level for manipulation of polarization and angular momentum of cylindrical vector beams. This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the project TEC2011-29120-C05-01.

DiffractionPhysicsAngular momentumFilling factorbusiness.industryCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakeOpticsArtificially engineered materialssymbolsGravitational singularitybusinessNanoscopic scaleDiffractionMathematical PhysicsBessel functionPlasmonSingular opticsÓptica
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Levy targeting and the principle of detailed balance

2011

We investigate confining mechanisms for Lévy flights under premises of the principle of detailed balance. In this case, the master equation of the jump-type process admits a transformation to the Lévy-Schrödinger semigroup dynamics akin to a mapping of the Fokker-Planck equation into the generalized diffusion equation. This sets a correspondence between above two stochastic dynamical systems, within which we address a (stochastic) targeting problem for an arbitrary stability index μ ε (0,2) of symmetric Lévy drivers. Namely, given a probability density function, specify the semigroup potential, and thence the jump-type dynamics for which this PDF is actually a long-time asymptotic (target) …

Diffusion equationDynamical systems theoryMovementNormal DistributionFOS: Physical sciencesDiffusionOscillometryMaster equationFOS: MathematicsApplied mathematicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematical PhysicsMathematicsStochastic ProcessesModels StatisticalStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)SemigroupStochastic processPhysicsProbability (math.PR)Mathematical analysisCauchy distributionDetailed balanceMathematical Physics (math-ph)Markov ChainsTransformation (function)ThermodynamicsAlgorithmsMathematics - Probability
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The ATLAS Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger

2008

The ATLAS Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger uses reduced-granularity information from all the ATLAS calorimeters to search for high transverse-energy electrons, photons, tau leptons and jets, as well as high missing and total transverse energy. The calorimeter trigger electronics has a fixed latency of about 1 microsecond, using programmable custom-built digital electronics. This paper describes the Calorimeter Trigger hardware, as installed in the ATLAS electronics cavern.

Digital electronicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryElectrical engineeringIntegrated circuitlaw.inventionCalorimetermedicine.anatomical_structureData acquisitionAtlas (anatomy)lawControl systemmedicineHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentElectronicsDetectors and Experimental TechniquesbusinessInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsJournal of Instrumentation
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New isoperimetric estimates for solutions to Monge - Ampère equations

2009

Abstract We prove some sharp estimates for solutions to Dirichlet problems relative to Monge–Ampere equations. Among them we show that the eigenvalue of the Dirichlet problem, when computed on convex domains with fixed measure, is maximal on ellipsoids. This result falls in the class of affine isoperimetric inequalities and shows that the eigenvalue of the Monge–Ampere operator behaves just the contrary of the first eigenvalue of the Laplace operator.

Dirichlet problemMonge-Ampère operatoreigenvalue.Mathematics::Complex VariablesApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisMathematics::Analysis of PDEsMonge–Ampère equationMonge-Ampère equationMathematics::Spectral TheoryMeasure (mathematics)Operator (computer programming)Settore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaAffine isoperimetric inequaltieRayleigh–Faber–Krahn inequalityAffine isoperimetric inequalitiesIsoperimetric inequalityLaplace operatorMathematical PhysicsAnalysisEigenvalues and eigenvectorsMathematics
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Multiple positive solutions for singularly perturbed elliptic problems in exterior domains

2003

Abstract The equation − e 2 Δ u + a e ( x ) u = u p −1 with boundary Dirichlet zero data is considered in an exterior domain Ω = R N ⧹ ω ( ω bounded and N ⩾2). Under the assumption that a e ⩾ a 0 >0 concentrates round a point of Ω as e →0, that p >2 and p N /( N −2) when N ⩾3, the existence of at least three positive distinct solutions is proved.

Dirichlet problemPure mathematicsPartial differential equationApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisZero (complex analysis)Boundary (topology)Exterior domains; lack of compactness; multiplicity of solutionslack of compactnessDirichlet distributionExterior domainsmultiplicity of solutionssymbols.namesakeBounded functionDomain (ring theory)symbolsMathematical PhysicsAnalysisMathematics
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Fixed Points in Topological *-Algebras of Unbounded Operators

2001

We discuss some results concerning fixed point equations in the setting of topological *-algebras of unbounded operators. In particular, an existence result is obtained for what we have called {\em weak $\tau$ strict contractions}, and some continuity properties of these maps are discussed. We also discuss possible applications of our procedure to quantum mechanical systems.

Discrete mathematics47H10; 46N50Topological algebraGeneral MathematicsMathematics - Operator AlgebrasFOS: Physical sciencesMathematical Physics (math-ph)Fixed pointTopologyFixed-point propertyFixed point equationOperator algebraFOS: Mathematics46N50Operator Algebras (math.OA)Settore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaQuantumMathematical Physics47H10operator algebrasMathematics
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Finite 2-groups with odd number of conjugacy classes

2016

In this paper we consider finite 2-groups with odd number of real conjugacy classes. On one hand we show that if $k$ is an odd natural number less than 24, then there are only finitely many finite 2-groups with exactly $k$ real conjugacy classes. On the other hand we construct infinitely many finite 2-groups with exactly 25 real conjugacy classes. Both resuls are proven using pro-$p$ techniques and, in particular, we use the Kneser classification of semi-simple $p$-adic algebraic groups.

Discrete mathematicsApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematicsofComputing_GENERALNatural number20D15 (Primary) 20C15 20E45 20E18 (Secondary)Group Theory (math.GR)01 natural sciencesConjugacy class0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematics010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsAlgebraic numberMathematics - Group TheoryMathematics
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On the existence of conditionally invariant probability measures in dynamical systems

2000

Let T : X→X be a measurable map defined on a Polish space X and let Y be a non-trivial subset of X. We give conditions ensuring the existence of conditionally invariant probability measures to non-absorption in Y. For dynamics which are non-singular with respect to some fixed probability measure we supply sufficient conditions for the existence of absolutely continuous conditionally invariant measures. These conditions are satisfied for a wide class of dynamical systems including systems that are Φ-mixing and Gibbs.

Discrete mathematicsClass (set theory)Dynamical systems theoryApplied MathematicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsAbsolute continuityRandom measurePolish spaceInvariant measureInvariant (mathematics)Mathematical PhysicsProbability measureMathematicsNonlinearity
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Real groups and Sylow 2-subgroups

2016

Abstract If G is a finite real group and P ∈ Syl 2 ( G ) , then P / P ′ is elementary abelian. This confirms a conjecture of Roderick Gow. In fact, we prove a much stronger result that implies Gow's conjecture.

Discrete mathematicsConjectureGroup (mathematics)General Mathematics010102 general mathematicsSylow theorems01 natural sciencesCombinatoricsLocally finite group0103 physical sciences010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsAbelian groupMathematicsAdvances in Mathematics
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Lagrangians, Hamiltonians and Noether’s Theorem

2015

This chapter is intended to remind the basic notions of the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms as well as Noether’s theorem. We shall first start with a discrete system with N degrees of freedom, state and prove Noether’s theorem. Afterwards we shall generalize all the previously introduced notions to continuous systems and prove the generic formulation of Noether’s Theorem. Finally we will reproduce a few well known results in Quantum Field Theory.

Discrete mathematicsDiscrete systemsymbols.namesakesymbolsQuantum field theoryNoether's theoremHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Rotation formalisms in three dimensionsLagrangianMathematical physicsMathematics
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