Search results for "Matter"

showing 10 items of 16762 documents

Structure and properties ofn-alkyldimethylsilyl bonded silica reversed-phase packings

1978

Summary The effects of the modifier functionality and the chain length ofn-alkylchlorosilanes on the surface structure of packings and on their retention behaviour in reversed-phase chromatography were investigated. Comparative retention studies on three silica packings that had been treated to maximum conversion withn-octyltrichlorosilane (I),n-octylmethyldichlorosilane (II) andn-octyldimethylmonochlorosilane (III) showed that the most pronounced reversed-phase character is obtained by using III as the modifying reagent. A series ofn-alkyldimethylsilyl bonded silica packings were prepared with widely differingn-alkyl chain lengths. Although the packings are very hydrophobic, the maximum su…

education.field_of_studyChromatographyChemistryOrganic ChemistryPopulationGeneral MedicineSurface concentrationBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryDipoleChain lengthColumn chromatographyPhase (matter)ReagentSurface structureeducationJournal of Chromatography A
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Nonlinear Relaxation in Population Dynamics

2001

We analyze the nonlinear relaxation of a complex ecosystem composed of many interacting species. The ecological system is described by generalized Lotka-Volterra equations with a multiplicative noise. The transient dynamics is studied in the framework of the mean field theory and with random interaction between the species. We focus on the statistical properties of the asymptotic behaviour of the time integral of the i-th population and on the distribution of the population and of the local field.

education.field_of_studyDistribution (number theory)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Applied MathematicsPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksMultiplicative noiseQuantitative BiologyNonlinear systemMean field theoryModeling and SimulationFOS: Biological sciencesQuantitative Biology::Populations and EvolutionGeometry and TopologyRelaxation (approximation)Statistical physicseducationFocus (optics)Local fieldCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsQuantitative Biology (q-bio)Mathematics
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A study of physical processes in microplasma capillary discharges

2011

We continue the research of low-pressure capillary discharge lamps of 500  μ m in radius in Ar/Hg, Kr/Hg and Xe/Hg mixtures. In the previous paper, an experimental approach which combines the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and tomographic methods was developed to study the capillary discharge. The present work is focused on interpretation of the tomographic reconstruction results for understanding the physical processes occurring in a capillary plasma. Analyzing the results of reconstruction, it was concluded that the radial profiles of Ar, Kr and Xe emission coefficients are in a good agreement with the Schottky theory. According to the Schottky model, ionization processes in plasma a…

education.field_of_studyGas-discharge lampAmbipolar diffusionCapillary actionChemistryPopulationAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonlaw.inventionCapillary PlasmalawIonizationElectron temperatureeducationInstrumentationThe European Physical Journal Applied Physics
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A new phase in ferroelectric oxides: The phase of charge transfer vibronic excitons

2001

It is shown, by means of Hartree-Fock-type calculations using the intermediate neglect of the differential overlap (INDO) method, that polaronic-type charge transfer vibronic excitons (CTVE) in ferroelectric oxides could lead to the formation of a new phase. The ground-state energy of this phase of strongly correlated CTVE lies within an optical gap of pure crystal, and is characterized by a strong tetragonal lattice distortion, as well as ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic ordering. It is shown also that clusters of the CTVE phase being stabilized by oxygen vacancies could be responsible for the unusually strong optical Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) in nominally pure incipient ferroele…

education.field_of_studyMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsExcitonPopulationGeneral Physics and AstronomyFerroelectricityCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTetragonal crystal systemchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElectric fieldPhase (matter)Strontium titanateAntiferromagnetismeducationEurophysics Letters (EPL)
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Manipulation of antiferromagnetic domain distribution in Mn2 Au by ultrahigh magnetic fields and by strain

2017

Evidence for a spin reorientation in antiferromagnetic (AFM) Mn2Au thin films induced by high magnetic fields as well as by the application of in-plane mechanical stress is provided. The AFM domain population in the samples was investigated by resonant X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism (XMLD) measurements at the L3 edge of Mn using a variable linear polarization of the incident photon beam. As grown samples show no XMLD signal due to averaging over a random AFM domain distribution. After the exposure to a 70 T in-plane magnetic field a clear XMLD signal indicating the generation of a preferential AFM domain orientation is obtained. The same type of XMLD signal is observed when the thin films …

education.field_of_studyMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsLinear polarizationPopulation02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsLinear dichroism01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldStress (mechanics)0103 physical sciencesAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGeneral Materials ScienceThin film010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyeducationSpin (physics)physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters
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Electronic and magnetic structure ofLa0.875Sr0.125MnO3calculated by means of hybrid density-functional theory

2007

We present the results of ab initio calculations on magnetic and electronic structures of La1�xSrxMnO3 at low doping, x =1/8. Using the B3LYP hybrid exchange-correlation functional within the framework of densityfunctional theory, we predict a ferromagnetic ground state for La0.875Sr0.125MnO3 in both the low-temperature orthorhombic and the high-temperature pseudocubic phases. This is in contrast to its parent compound LaMnO3, for which we find in agreement with experiment the layered antiferromagnetic state to be the most stable one. The calculated density of states and bond population analysis suggest a tendency of formation of half-metallic spin states in the band gap of both structures.

education.field_of_studyMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMagnetic structureSpin statesPopulationCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsDensity of statesAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsDensity functional theoryGround stateeducationPhysical Review B
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Microstructural and magnetic characterization of dusts from a stone crushing industry in Birbhum, India

2010

Abstract Stone dust sample collected from a stone crushing industry situated at Muhammad Bazar in Birbhum, India, is studied for its physical characterization using various techniques. Morphology and compositional analysis of the stone dust by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveal that the dust is an agglomeration of many tiny particles (0.32–2.12 μm), mostly having sharp edges, as well show microstructure heterogeneity. Elements present in the sample are detected by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern analysis shows that the sample mainly contains minerals like anorthite, augite, esseneite and albite. An overall antiferromagnetic interaction …

education.field_of_studyMaterials scienceMössbauer effectScanning electron microscopeMetallurgyPopulationengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructureAnorthiteElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetizationAlbiteAugiteNuclear magnetic resonanceengineeringeducationJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Ab initio calculations of Nb doped SrTiO3

2010

We present and discuss the results of the large scale Hartree–Fock calculations of Nb impurities substituting for Ti ions in SrTiO3 using ab initio computer code CRYSTAL and several supercells containing up to 135 atoms. The local structure optimisation, the electronic charge redistribution, chemical bond covalence and the band-structure changes induced by the defect are analysed. According to the results of our calculations, Nb is a shallow donor; six nearest O ions are slightly displaced outwards from the Nb ion. The calculated bond population between nearest Ti and O ions (64 me) is much larger than that between Nb and O ions (8 me), since Nb impurity is more ionic than the host Ti.

education.field_of_studyMaterials sciencePopulationAb initioIonic bondingCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceChemical bondImpurityAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhysical chemistryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAtomic physicseducationShallow donorPhysica B: Condensed Matter
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BaCoO3 monoclinic structure and chemical bonding analysis: hybrid DFT calculations

2021

Cobalt based perovskites have great potential for numerous applications. Contrary to a generally assumed hexagonal space group (SG P63/mmc) model as the ground state of BaCoO3 (BCO), our hybrid DFT calculations with B1WC density functional and the symmetry group–subgroup derived crystal structure model support the ground state of BCO to be indeed monoclinic, in agreement with recent experimental predictions [Chin et al., Phys. Rev. B, 2019, 100, 205139]. We found for the monoclinic BCO that the C-type anti-ferromagnetic low-spin (AFM LS) state (SG P2/c) is energetically only slightly more preferential at 0 K than the ferromagnetic (FM) LS state (SG C2/c). In turn, these monoclinic structure…

education.field_of_studyMaterials sciencePopulationGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyOrbital overlapCrystal structure010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyChemical bondDensity of statesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyeducationGround stateMonoclinic crystal systemPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Porosity of anodic alumina membranes from electrochemical measurements

2005

A procedure based on the high-field mechanism of the growth of anodic oxides was developed in order to evaluate the morphological features of porous layers. Since the thickness of the barrier film, separating the porous layer from the metal, does not change during the steady-state growth of an anodic porous layer, the rate of displacement of the metal-oxide interface to the metal direction must be equal to the rate of displacement of the pore base to the oxide direction. As a consequence, porosity can be expressed in terms of the ratio i diss/i ion, where i diss is the dissolution current density at the pore base, and i ion is the ionic current density at the metal-oxide interface. Pore dia…

education.field_of_studyMaterials sciencePopulationOxideCondensed Matter PhysicsAnodeIonAlumina membrane Porosity Aluminium anodisingchemistry.chemical_compoundMembranechemistryElectrochemistryGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComposite materialeducationPorosityDissolutionCurrent density
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