Search results for "Maxim"
showing 10 items of 1236 documents
Ochratoxin A in rice on the Moroccan retail market
2008
One hundred (100) samples of rice purchased from retail markets in five different cities (Rabat, Témara, Salé, Casablanca and Méknès) in Morocco from January to October 2006 were surveyed for the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) coupled to liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The identification of OTA in positive rice samples was confirmed by methyl ester derivatization. Analytical results showed a frequency of contamination of 26% of total analyzed rice samples. The percentage of contamination of samples was 24, 26.6, 16.6, 27.7 and 30% in Rabat, Témara, Méknès, Salé and Casablanca respectively. Levels of OTA in positive samples ranged…
Pressurized liquid extraction coupled to liquid chromatography for the analysis of ochratoxin A in breakfast and infants cereals from Morocco
2010
Abstract A sensitive and reliable method using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and liquid chromatography (LC) has been developed for the analysis of ochratoxin A (OTA) in breakfast and infants cereals. Influence of several extraction solvents that affect PLE efficiency was studied. The selected PLE operating method was: 10 g of sample was packed into 22 ml stainless-steel cell and OTA was extracted with acetonitrile/water (80:20) at 40 °C, 34 atm in one cycle of 5 min at 60% flush. The mean recovery of OTA was 82 ± 4 at fortification level of 3 ng/g OTA. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of OTA was 0.25 ng/g. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of 68 samples of …
An overview of ochratoxin A in beer and wine.
2007
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced mainly by several fungal species of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. This mycotoxin has been shown to be nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic to animals and has been classified as a possible carcinogen to humans. OTA occurs in a variety of foods, including beer and wine. Reports on OTA occurrence in beer indicate that this is a worldwide problem due to the widespread consumption of this beverage. At present, the European Union (EU) has not set a maximum allowable limit (MAL) for this mycotoxin in beer, although there is a limit in barley and malt. Studies carried out in different countries agree in the high proportion of sa…
Occurrence of ochratoxin A in bread consumed in Morocco
2007
Abstract One hundred samples of commercial bread purchased from January to October (2006) from retail bakeshops in five different cities (Rabat, Temara, Sale, Casablanca and Meknes) in Morocco were surveyed for the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) using liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detection. The identification of OTA in positive bread samples was confirmed by methyl ester derivatization. Analytical results showed that forty eight (48%) samples were positive with OTA greater than the limit of quantification (LOQ = 0.051 ng/g). Levels of OTA in positive samples ranged between 0.14 and 149 ng/g. The average contamination of bread samples with OTA was 13 ± 1.5 ng/g. The highest …
Molecular evidence for phylogenetic relationships among buntings and American sparrows (Emberizidae)
2001
To help clarify controversial phylogenetic relationships within the family Emberizidae, we sequenced 1238 bp of mitochondrial DNA from the cytochrome b gene and a flanking portion of ND5. Although the longspurs (Calcarius) and the snow buntings (Plectrophenax) have been grouped with the Old World buntings (Emberiza) in traditional classifications, our molecular phylogenies constructed with maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony place these general basal to a clade in which the Old World buntings and North American sparrows are sister groups. Contrary to the hypothesis that the radiation within Emberiza is recent following a westward expansion of emberizid stock into Eurasia from North Ame…
A phase I/II trial of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, docetaxel and trastuzumab as first-line treatment in HER-2-positive locally advanced or me…
2011
Abstract Aim To assess the activity and safety of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Myocet®) in combination with docetaxel and trastuzumab as first-line treatment of patients with HER-2/neu-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Patients and methods The maximum tolerated dose of the combination was defined in the phase I part of the study. In the phase II part, 45 HER-2/neu-positive MBC patients were enrolled to receive 6–8 cycles of Myocet® 50 mg/m2 (day 1), docetaxel 30 mg/m2 (days 2 and 9) plus trastuzumab (day 2, 4 mg/kg followed by 2 mg/kg/week) every 21 d until unacceptable toxicity or progression occurred. Objective response (primary end-point) and treatment tolerability were as…
“Weekly docetaxel and gemcitabine as first line treatment for metastatic breast cancer: results of a multicenter phase II study”
2004
<i>Objectives:</i> We conducted a multicenter phase II study to evaluate the clinical efficacy, toxicity, and dose intensity of a new weekly schedule of docetaxel and gemcitabine as first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer patients. <i>Methods:</i> We enrolled 58 patients, 52% of whom had received a previous anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. The treatment schedule was: docetaxel 35 mg/m<sup>2</sup> and gemcitabine 800 mg/m<sup>2</sup> i.v. on days 1, 8, 15 every 28 days. <i>Results:</i> All patients were assessable for toxicity and 56 for efficacy. Overall response rate was 64.3% with 16.1% of complete responses and 48…
TRIPLET SCHEDULE OF WEEKLY 5-FLUOROURACIL AND ALTERNATING IRINOTECAN OR OXALIPLATIN IN ADVANCED COLORECTAL CANCER: A DOSE-FINDING AND PHASE II STUDY.
2010
A weekly administration of alternating irinotecan or oxaliplatin associated to 5-Fluorouracil in advanced colorectal cancer was planned in order to evaluate a new schedule maintaining dose intensities of each drug as in double combinations and tolerability of the triplet association. The following weekly schedule was administered: irinotecan, days 1 and 15; oxaliplatin, days 8 and 22; 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) over 12-h (from 10:00 p.m. to 10:00 a.m.) timed flat infusion, days 1-2, 8-9, 15-16 and 22-23, every 4 weeks. Dose- finding and phase II study were planned. Thirteen patients were enrolled in the dose-finding study and 23 in the phase II study. The recommended doses of our study are: irin…
Pertuzumab monotherapy after trastuzumab-based treatment and subsequent reintroduction of trastuzumab: activity and tolerability in patients with adv…
2012
Purpose The combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab resulted in a clinical benefit rate (CBR) of 50% in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) –positive breast cancer whose disease progressed during prior trastuzumab-based therapy. To define whether this previously observed encouraging activity was a result of the combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab or of pertuzumab alone, we recruited a third cohort of patients who received pertuzumab without trastuzumab. We then investigated the impact of reintroducing trastuzumab to patients whose disease progressed on pertuzumab monotherapy. Patients and Methods Twenty-nine patients with HER2-positive breast cancer whose d…
Phase I Study of Definitive Radio-chemotherapy with Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil and Cetuximab for Unresectable Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer.
2017
Background/aim Prognoses of patients receiving radio-chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin for unresectable esophageal cancer may be improved with the addition of cetuximab. This phase I study aimed to define the maximum tolerated dose of 5-FU when combined with cisplatin, cetuximab and radiotherapy. Patients and methods Treatment included 59.4 Gy of radiotherapy concurrently with two courses of cisplatin (20 mg/m2, d1-4) and 5-FU (dose level 0: 500 mg/m2, dose level 1: 750 mg/m2, d1-4; dose level 2: 1,000 mg/m2, d1-4), followed by two courses of chemotherapy. Cetuximab was given for 14 weeks (400 mg/m2 loading dose followed by 250 mg/m2 weekly). Results At dose level 1 (n=3…