Search results for "Meat"

showing 10 items of 515 documents

Nortriptyline hydrochloride skin absorption: development of a transdermal patch.

2007

The influence of propylen glycol (PG), ethanol, and oleic acid (OA) on nortriptyline hydrochloride (NTH) penetration through human epidermis was studied in vitro at two different pH values (5.5 and 7.4). The influence of lactic acid and polysorbate 80 was studied for a pH of 5.5. Permeation studies through Heat Separated Epidermis, as well as the enhancing effect of the different vehicles, showed a pH dependency. A pH value of 5.5 in the donor solution decreases significantly the permeability coefficient (Kp) with respect to a pH value of 7.4 (0.011+/-0.004 x 10(-6) versus 0.36+/-0.04 x 10(-6)cm/s). The vehicles showed an increasing enhancement effect in the order: polysorbate 80>ethanol/PG…

Chemical PhenomenaStereochemistryChemistry PharmaceuticalSkin AbsorptionPharmaceutical ScienceAbsorption (skin)NortriptylineAntidepressive Agents TricyclicBuffersIn Vitro TechniquesMethylcelluloseAdministration CutaneousDosage formchemistry.chemical_compoundHypromellose DerivativesHumansSolubilityChromatography High Pressure LiquidTransdermalChromatographyEthanolChemistry PhysicalGeneral MedicinePermeationHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLipidsLactic acidOleic acidchemistrySolubilitySolventsDiffusion Chambers CultureThermodynamicsAlgorithmsBiotechnologyEuropean journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V
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Penetration enhancer containing vesicles as carriers for dermal delivery of tretinoin.

2011

The ability of a recently developed novel class of liposomes to promote dermal delivery of tretinoin (TRA) was evaluated. New penetration enhancer-containing vesicles (PEVs) were prepared adding to conventional phosphatidylcholine vesicles (control liposomes) different hydrophilic penetration enhancers: Oramix® NS10 (OrNS10), Labrasol® (Lab), Transcutol® P (Trc), and propylene glycol (PG). Vesicles were characterized by morphology, size distribution, zeta potential, incorporation efficiency, stability, rheological behaviour, and deformability. Small, negatively charged, non-deformable, multilamellar vesicles were obtained. Rheological studies showed that PEVs had fluidity higher than conven…

Chemical PhenomenaStereochemistryDrug CompoundingSus scrofaPharmaceutical ScienceTretinoinAdministration CutaneousPermeabilityGlyceridesDiffusionchemistry.chemical_compoundGlucosidesPhosphatidylcholineZeta potentialAnimalsMicroparticleOrganic ChemicalsTransdermalSkinLiposomeDrug CarriersViscosityVesiclefungiPenetration (firestop)PermeationchemistryAnimals NewbornLiposomesBiophysicsEthylene GlycolsPharmaceutical VehiclesRheologyDialysisHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsInternational journal of pharmaceutics
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Impact of anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor configuration on treatment and filterability performance

2017

Abstract Submerged and external anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors (AnDMBRs) have been compared in terms of removal efficiency, filtration characteristics and microbial community structure. High COD removal efficiencies were obtained with both submerged and external AnDMBRs. To obtain an effective dynamic membrane (DM) layer enabling high quality permeate, longer time was required in the external AnDMBR configuration compared to the submerged one. A difference in microbial community structure was identified using pyrosequencing analyses between the submerged and external AnDMBRs. The number of archaeal types decreased in the bulk sludge of the external AnDMBR. External sludge recirculat…

Chemistry0208 environmental biotechnologyEnvironmental engineeringFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesPermeationMembrane bioreactor01 natural sciencesBiochemistry020801 environmental engineeringlaw.inventionMembraneMicrobial population biologylawBioreactorGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAnaerobic exerciseFiltrationSparging0105 earth and related environmental sciencesJournal of Membrane Science
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Predicting mass fluxes in the pervaporation process using Maxwell-Stefan diffusion coefficients

2018

Abstract In the past decades, it has been proven that pervaporation is an effective and energy-efficient membrane process for the separation of liquids that are difficult to separate in classical processes. The demand for new process applications has increased the need for mass transfer simulation methods, considering the interactions between the system components and the influence of process parameters on the permeation fluxes and at the same time requiring as few experiments as possible. The aim of the study was to find out whether the calculation of mass fluxes of multicomponent fluids based on the system of generalized Maxwell-Stefan equations (GMSE), using Maxwell-Stefan (M-S) diffusio…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryThermodynamicsFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technologyPermeation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBiochemistryViscosityMolar volumeMaxwell–Stefan diffusion020401 chemical engineeringVolume (thermodynamics)Mass transferGeneral Materials SciencePervaporation0204 chemical engineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDiffusion (business)0210 nano-technologyJournal of Membrane Science
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Transfer of Water and Active Molecules at the Interfaces in Complex Food Systems: Theoretical and Practical Aspects

2011

Abstract During processing, storage and consumption, mass transfer of various molecules (water, gases, flavour compounds or other solutes) occur between the different phases in complex food products, and/or also between the complex food and its surroundings. These mass transfers can lead to physical and/or chemical changes and thus induce food quality modifications. The objective of this presentation is to better understand the behaviour of small molecules at the interfaces, especially in model heterogeneous food systems. Different techniques have been developed to characterize their properties and their impact on the mass transfers. Particularly, techniques such as rotative diffusion cell …

ChemistryFlavourkineticSorptionGeneral MedicineInterfacePermeationheterogeneous systemsPartition coefficientthermodynamicChemical physicsMass transferPhysical chemistryMoleculemeasurementDiffusion (business)Food qualityProcedia Food Science
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Lipid Nanocarriers-Loaded Nanocomposite as a Suitable Platform to Release Antibacterial and Antioxidant Agents for Immediate Dental Implant Placement…

2021

Immediate implant placement is a single-stage restorative approach for missing teeth widely used to overcome the ridge remodeling process occurring after dental extractions. The success of this procedure relies on opportune osseointegration in the surrounding tissues. To support this process, a multifunctional nanocomposite, to be applied in the fresh post-extraction socket, was here designed, prepared, and characterized. This formulation consists of quercetin (QRC)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) entrapped in a chitosan-based solid matrix containing ciprofloxacin (CPX). QRC-NLCs were prepared by homogenization followed by high-frequency sonication, and thereafter this dispersio…

ChitosanNanocompositeNanostructured lipid carriersPharmaceutical ScienceEx vivo permeationSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia GeneraleArticleAntibiofilmRS1-441Membrane accumulationPharmacy and materia medicaCiprofloxacinSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico Applicativonanocomposite; quercetin; ciprofloxacin; nanostructured lipid carriers; chitosan; antimicrobial; antioxidant; antibiofilm; ex vivo permeation; membrane accumulationAntimicrobialQuercetinAntioxidantPharmaceutics
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Supramolecular PEG-co-oligo(p-benzamide)s prepared on a peptide synthesizer.

2007

An automated synthesis protocol has been developed for the preparation of oligo(p-benzamide)s on solid support using a commercial peptide synthesizer employing a variation of standard Fmoc chemistry. Bis(trichloromethyl carbonate) in NMP was used to activate the aromatic carboxylic acids for acylation of secondary aromatic amines on solid support. N-Protected hepta(p-benzamide) was automatically prepared on solid support and manually converted to a solid supported block co-oligomer by attaching a poly(ethylene glycol) chain. Cleavage from the support could be achieved with minimal loss of the p-methoxybenzyl N-protective group. While the N-protected block co-oligomer was molecularly dissolv…

ChloroformMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyProtein ConformationSupramolecular chemistryBiocompatible MaterialsGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyBiochemistryTolueneCatalysisPolyethylene GlycolsGel permeation chromatographyAcylationchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryMicroscopy Electron TransmissionModels ChemicalPolymer chemistryBenzamidesChromatography GelBenzamidePeptidesEthylene glycolJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Determination of pyrethroid pesticide residues in fatty materials by solid-matrix dispersion partition, followed by mini-column size-exclusion chroma…

1999

The method studied uses a combination of a solid-matrix dispersion partition (SMDP) followed by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography on a minicolumn (HPmSEC) of 7.8 mm I.D. for the separation of pyrethroid (PYR) residues from fatty material. The solid-matrix dispersion extraction is carried out by absorbing a fat solution onto an Extrelut-3 cartridge (filled with a macroporous diatomaceous material) and extracting the PYR residues with acetonitrile. Up to 1 g of fatty material can be extracted with 15 ml acetonitrile. The small amount (mean +/- S.D. = 12.4 +/- 5.9 mg) of fatty material which is eluted into the acetonitrile is further removed by HPmSEC. PYR pesticide residues are c…

Chromatography GasChromatographyPesticide residueChemistryElutionOrganic ChemistrySize-exclusion chromatographyPesticide ResiduesTralomethrinGeneral MedicineReference StandardsBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryFatsGel permeation chromatographychemistry.chemical_compoundColumn chromatographyPyrethrinsChromatography GelSolid phase extractionGas chromatographyChromatography High Pressure LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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Influence of template basicity and hydrophobicity on the molecular recognition properties of molecularly imprinted polymers

1996

Abstract Triazine herbicides were used as model templates for a basic study of the molecular recognition process in imprinted polymers. Five structurally related triazine herbicides (atrazine, ametryn, cyanazine, prometryn and terbutylazine) that differ in basicity and hydrophobicity were imprinted. Chromatographic evaluation of the resulting materials in an aqueous-poor mobile phase showed that the selectivity for the template increased with its Bronsted basicity whereas it did not correlate with template hydrophobicity. Thus, the highest and lowest affinity and selectivity for the template was observed using the ametryn-imprinted (p K a =4.1) and the cyanazine-imprinted polymers (p K a =1…

ChromatographyAqueous solutionOrganic ChemistryMolecularly imprinted polymerGeneral MedicineBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryGel permeation chromatographyPartition coefficientchemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular recognitionchemistryPolymer chemistryMolecular imprintingSelectivityTriazineJournal of Chromatography A
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Gel chromatography

1968

Abstract The separation efficiency of gel chromatographic columns was investigated under a wide variety of experimental conditions. By use of reduced quantities it is possible to describe the separation efficiency for different gels and experimental conditions by a single equation. Deviations from this equation were found to be caused by an alteration of the diffusion coefficient within the gel with respect to the mobile phase. Factors governing the gel chromatography of p -oligophenylenes on poly(vinyl acetate) and poly(styrene) gels are generalized and discussed.

ChromatographyChemistryDiffusionOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral MedicineBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryStyreneGel permeation chromatographychemistry.chemical_compoundPhase (matter)Single equationVinyl acetateJournal of Chromatography A
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