Search results for "Mechanical engineering"

showing 10 items of 4245 documents

Experiments in Artificial Theory of Mind: From Safety to Story-Telling

2018

Theory of mind is the term given by philosophers and psychologists for the ability to form a predictive model of self and others. In this paper we focus on synthetic models of theory of mind. We contend firstly that such models—especially when tested experimentally—can provide useful insights into cognition, and secondly that artificial theory of mind can provide intelligent robots with powerful new capabilities, in particular social intelligence for human-robot interaction. This paper advances the hypothesis that simulation-based internal models offer a powerful and realisable, theory-driven basis for artificial theory of mind. Proposed as a computational model of the simulation theory of …

human-robot interactionmulti-robot systemstheory-of-mindlcsh:Mechanical engineering and machineryanticipationlcsh:TJ1-1570lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer sciencesimulation-based internal modelscognitive roboticslcsh:QA75.5-76.95Frontiers in Robotics and AI
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A chitosan/silica hybrid 3D scaffold for simultaneous entrapment of two different hydrophilic substances

2022

We report the preparation of a hybrid chitosan/silica three-dimensional (3D) scaffold loaded simultaneously with two model hydrophilic substances, ibuprofen sodium salt and erioglaucine disodium salt. The first substance is entrapped in situ during the preparation of chitosan submillimetric beads by ionotropic gelation with sodium triphosphate, while the latter is post-loaded during the scaffold formation. Controlled release experiments carried out under neutral conditions demonstrate that the presence of nanostructured silica within the polymer matrix retards the release of both hydrophilic substances and increases the structure stability of the scaffold. Release profiles can be fitted to …

hybridMechanics of MaterialsbiopolymersilicaMechanical EngineeringGeneral Materials SciencechitosanscaffoldUNESCO::CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICASCondensed Matter Physicsdrug release
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Design and performance of the prototype Schwarzschild-Couder telescope camera

2022

Journal of astronomical telescopes, instruments, and systems 8(01), 014007-1 (2022). doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.8.1.014007

imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopesinstrumentationPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectorsvery-high-energy gamma-ray astronomyPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsMechanical EngineeringSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)530Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCherenkov telescope arraySpace and Planetary ScienceControl and Systems Engineeringddc:530prototype Schwarzschild-Couder telescopeAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)silicon photomultipliers
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Humanoid Cognitive Robots That Learn by Imitating: Implications for Consciousness Studies.

2018

While the concept of a conscious machine is intriguing, producing such a machine remains controversial and challenging. Here we describe how our work on creating a humanoid cognitive robot that learns to perform tasks via imitation learning relates to this issue. Our discussion is divided into three parts. First, we summarize our previously-detailed framework for advancing the understanding of the nature of phenomenal consciousness. This framework is based on identifying computational correlates of consciousness. Second, we describe a cognitive robotic system that we recently developed that learns to perform tasks by imitating human-provided demonstrations. This humanoid robot uses cause-ef…

imitation learningartificial consciousnessComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinerymachine consciousnessArtificial consciousnesscognitive phenomenology050105 experimental psychologylcsh:QA75.5-76.95working memory03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial Intelligence0501 psychology and cognitive scienceslcsh:TJ1-1570cognitive robotsmedia_commonOriginal ResearchCognitive scienceRobotics and AIWorking memory05 social sciencesCognitioncomputational explanatory gapComputer Science Applicationsneural network gating mechanismsRobotCausal reasoninglcsh:Electronic computers. Computer scienceConsciousnessNeurocognitive030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHumanoid robotFrontiers in robotics and AI
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Surfactant-assisted synthesis of Cd1−xCoxS nanocluster alloys and their structural, optical and magnetic properties

2010

We report the synthesis of Co-doped CdS nanoclusters (Cd1−xCoxS) for different doping concentrations (x = 0.10, 0.20 and 0.30) and characterization of their structural, optical, and magnetic properties. The structural properties studied by X-ray diffraction revealed hexagonal-greenockite structure and a decrease of the lattice parameters (a and c) with doping, showing incorporation of Co in the lattice. The morphology of the nanoclusters was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The optical absorption studies, using diffused reflectance spectroscopy, revealed that Co doping modifies the absorption band edge. Ferromagnetic phase was observed in the magnetization measurements at room-tempe…

inorganic chemicalsAbsorption spectroscopyChemistryMechanical EngineeringDopingtechnology industry and agricultureMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistryMagnetic semiconductorMicrostructureXANESNanoclustersCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationCrystallographyMechanics of MaterialsAbsorption bandMaterials Chemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronshuman activitiesJournal of Alloys and Compounds
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Inhibitoren der Korrosion 25(1) - Über die Rolle der Kationen in Neutralsalzen bei der Korrosion von Eisenwerkstoffen in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff

1979

Die Geschwindigkeit des Sauerstoffverbrauchs bei der Korrosion von jeweils 500 mg DAB6-Eisenpulver wird in Abhangigkeit von der Art des Kations in Neutralsalzen (Chloriden) unter Standardbedingungen bestimmt. In Gegenwart von Alkali-, Quartaren Ammonium, Quartaren Phosphonium-und Erdalkalichloriden ist die Geschwindigkeit des Sauerstoffverbrauches vergleichbar gros. Mit Zink-, Cadmium-, Nickel-und Kobaltchloriden wird aber im Bereich von pH5 bis pH7 eine uberraschend grose Verzogerung der Sauerstoffaufnahme beobachtet. Es handelt sich mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit um eine Blockade der kathodischen Bezirke in der Eisengrenzflache durch Abscheidung der schwerloslichen basischen Hydroxyde von Z…

inorganic chemicalsCadmiumChemistryMechanical EngineeringMetals and Alloyschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineZincChlorideOxygenSurfaces Coatings and FilmsNickelchemistry.chemical_compoundMechanics of MaterialsMaterials ChemistrymedicineEnvironmental ChemistryAmmoniumPhosphoniumCobaltmedicine.drugNuclear chemistryMaterials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion
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A Study on Acidification and Intercalation of Illite Clay Minerals and their Potential Use as a Filler in SPEEK Composite Membranes

2018

The acidification and intercalation of illite containing clays were studied for potential use as fillers for sulphonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) composite membrane preparation and future proton exchange membrane fuel cells application. The acidification and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) intercalation of illite clays have been studied by powder X-ray diffractometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and thermogravimetric analysis. SPEEK composite membranes were made with 1, 3 and 5% purified, acidified, DMSO intercalated clay fillers. SPEEK/clay composite membranes were characterized by proton conductivity, water uptake, and mechanical strength.

inorganic chemicalsFiller (packaging)Materials science020209 energyMechanical EngineeringIntercalation (chemistry)Composite number02 engineering and technologyengineering.material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologycomplex mixturesMembraneChemical engineeringMechanics of MaterialsIllite0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringengineeringGeneral Materials ScienceComposite membrane0210 nano-technologyClay mineralsKey Engineering Materials
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Surface enhanced Raman scattering of silver sensitized cobalt nanoparticles in metal–dielectric nanocomposites

2008

We report the preparation of a new type of nanocomposite containing cobalt and silver nanoparticles organized in parallel layers with a well controlled separation. This arrangement allows the observation of an enhanced low-frequency Raman signal at the vibration frequency of cobalt nanoparticles excited through the surface plasmons of silver nanoparticles. Numerical simulations of the electric field confirm the emergence of hot spots when the separation between silver and cobalt nanoparticles is small enough. © IOP Publishing Ltd.

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistry[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]chemistry.chemical_elementNanoparticleNanoprobeBioengineering02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSilver nanoparticlesymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsNanocompositeMechanical EngineeringPhysicsSurface plasmonGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologychemistryChemical engineeringMechanics of Materialssymbols[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyCobaltRaman scattering
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Influence of radiation defects on tritium release parameters from Li2O

1998

Abstract The study of the influence of radiation defects on tritium release behavior from polycrystalline Li2O was performed by simultaneous measurements of the luminescence emission and tritium release. It was found that the radiation defects in Li2O introduced by electron irradiation cause the retention of tritium. It is thought that the tritium recovery is affected by the formation of a Li–T bond, which is tolerant of high temperatures. The retardation of tritium decreases with increasing absorbed dose in the dose range from 50 to 140 MGy. The aggregation of radiation defects at high irradiation doses is considered to be responsible for the decrease of the interaction of tritium with rad…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceorganic chemicalsMechanical EngineeringRadiochemistryRadiationFusion powerThermoluminescenceNuclear Energy and EngineeringAbsorbed dosecardiovascular systempolycyclic compoundsElectron beam processingGeneral Materials ScienceTritiumIrradiationLuminescenceCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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Natural Radioactivity in Clay Ceramics and their Raw Materials in Latvia

2018

Natural radionuclides K-40, and Th-232, U-238 (Ra-226) decay chain products contained in building materials are the main source of radiation dose received by population and the only source of indoor radiation exposure. Present work contains results of the study of natural radionuclide activity level in clay, clay ceramics and silica bricks used in Latvia. Obtained data show that radionuclide content in different clay products can differ up to five times. However, determined activity index values for all tested materials, except fireproof bricks, were below radionuclide concentration level permitted by EU and Latvian national regulations. Comparison with analogous data from other North Europ…

inorganic chemicalsMechanical EngineeringMetallurgyRaw materialcomplex mixtures030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMechanics of Materials030220 oncology & carcinogenesisvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials ScienceCeramicNatural radioactivityKey Engineering Materials
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