Search results for "Mechanism"
showing 10 items of 1835 documents
Orthorexic tendencies and healthy eating in university students: which association with eating disorders, psychopathology, and defense mechanisms?
2021
Orthorexic tendencies and healthy eating in university students: which association with eating disorders, psychopathology, and defense mechanisms? higher in some immature defenses (passive aggression and somatization) than healthy-eating individuals, while no differences were found in mature and neurotic defense styles. Conclusions. These results support the existence of significant differences between ON and other (non-problematic) healthy eating behaviors.
Mechanical Coupling Between Muscle-Tendon Units Reduces Peak Stresses
2017
The presence of mechanical linkages between synergistic muscles and their common tendons may distribute forces among the involved structures. We review studies, using humans and other animals, examining muscle and tendon interactions and discuss the hypothesis that connections between muscle bellies and within tendons may serve as a mechanism to distribute forces and mitigate peak stresses. peerReviewed
Pensiero e difese nei disturbi bipolari. Studio clinico e psicopatologico su bipolari I e bipolari II. Thinking organization and defense mechanisms i…
2013
Obiettivi. Scopo del presente studio è esplorare il funzionamento psichico dei soggetti con disturbo bipolare I e II attraverso l’analisi e il confronto degli stili di pensiero e dei pattern difensivi. Metodi. Nel corso di un intero anno solare (2009-2010), presso la clinica Psichiatrica del Policlinico Universitario di Palermo sono stati reclutati 29 pazienti con disturbo bipolare I e II. È stato somministrato il seguente protocollo: Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scale-R (WAIS-R) per valutare il funzionamento cognitivo generale; Defense Mechanisms Inventory (DMI) per misurare i pattern difensivi. Sono stati quindi ana- lizzati e confrontati i risultati ai due reattivi. Risultati. I soggetti c…
Children’s Voices on Bullying in Kindergarten
2016
Research suggests that bullying does occur in kindergarten. The extent of bullying in Norway and other Scandinavian countries is estimated to be about 12 %. The purpose of this study is to investigate children’s understanding and experiences of bullying. We use a qualitative approach and have conducted individual interviews and focus group interviews with a total of 31 children, 5 year-olds, in 4 different kindergartens. Additionally, observations were made of 4–5 year-olds in the same kindergartens, 142 children in total. The results show that the children describe bullying as doing or saying “something mean”. Exclusion from play is what all the children fear the most. This study shows tha…
MOESM3 of The transfer of knowledge on integrated care among five European regions: a qualitative multi-method study
2020
Additional file 3. Type of Intervention, including responsible actors and Use of knowledge as indicated by the receiving regions.
S4. Learning experiment video from Hard to catch: experimental evidence supports evasive mimicry
2021
Video of a single trial from learning experiment procedure when defended prey was evasive.
Psychological adjustment and victim-blaming among intimate partner violence offenders: The role of social support and stressful life events
2013
AbstractIntimate partner violence offenders often use victim-blaming attributions to explain their own violent behavior. These attributions represent an important challenge for intervention programs for intimatepartner violence offenders. The main objectives of this study were to analyze both the influence of social support and stressful life events on the psychological adjustment (self-esteem and depressive symptomatology) of intimate partner violence offenders and the relationship between offenders’ psychological adjustment and their victim-blaming attributions. The sample consists of 314 men convicted of intimate partner violence who were referred to a community-based intervention progra…
Evolution of Complex Acoustic Signals in Drosophila Species
2009
species produce complex acous-tic cues, so-called courtship songs, while pursuing a female.In most of the over 100 species studied so far (see thelist of these species in Hoikkala, 2005), such cues areproduced by wing vibration. Other mechanisms of songproduction include abdomen purring (Hoy, Hoikkala, &Kaneshiro, 1988) and rapid vibrations of the whole body(Ritchie & Gleason, 1995). The carrier frequency of songsproduced through any of these actions ranges from 150 to500Hz. A hitherto unknown mechanism enables males ofsome Hawaiian species to generate songs of up to 15,000Hz(Hoikkala, Hoy, & Kaneshiro, 1989).The structure of the courtship songs of closely relatedspecies often reflects phylo…
Community structure and the evolution of aposematic coloration
2002
Studies on the evolution of aposematic coloration (prey coloration advertising for unpalatability) have mainly focused on predator psychology in simplified single-prey species systems. We chose, instead, to model population dynamics on the community level. We studied the invasion by an aposematic phenotype in the presence and absence of another prey species. The single-prey and two-prey models differed in two major ways. First, with two prey species the invasion was possible only with a weak aposematic signal, whereas with a single prey species there was no such an upper limit for signal strength. Second, with a single prey species, increase of the aposematic phenotype always resulted in ra…
Differences in parasite susceptibility and costs of resistance between naturally exposed and unexposed host populations
2009
It is generally assumed that resistance to parasitism entails costs. Consequently, hosts evolving in the absence of parasites are predicted to invest less in costly resistance mechanisms than hosts consistently exposed to parasites. This prediction has, however, rarely been tested in natural populations. We studied the susceptibility of three naïve, three parasitized and one recently isolated Asellus aquaticus isopod populations to an acanthocephalan parasite. We found that parasitized populations, with the exception of the isopod population sympatric with the parasite strain used, were less susceptible to the parasite than the naïve populations. Exposed but uninfected (resistant) isopods f…