Search results for "Medical science"
showing 10 items of 1442 documents
Gross motor proficiency and intellectual functioning
2018
This cross-sectional study examines differences in gross motor proficiency as a function of different intellectual functioning profiles. Two motor areas have been investigated as being equally essential to gross motor functions in every-day life: locomotion and object control. It aims to compare gross motor skills endorsed by children with Down syndrome (DS), children with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF), and typically developing children (TDC). Group 1 was composed of 18 children with DS (chronological age=8.22), group 2 was composed of 18 children with BIF (chronological age=9.32), and group 3 was composed of 18 children with typical development (TD) (chronological age=9.28). Gr…
Motivations for Business Start-up: Are There any Differences Between Disabled and Non-disabled Microfinance Clients?
2015
We use an Ecuadorian sample to investigate if there are differences in motivations for business start-up between persons with and without disabilities. Generally, we do not document significant differences. The reason might be that we use a sample selected among customers of the microfinance bank Banco D-MIRO. Without targeted incentives, disabled microfinance customers must resemble non-disabled customers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive inputs in an interface for people with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: Learning and usability
2016
This study concerns the difficulty in accessing computers faced by people with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy (DCP). Thus diminishing their opportunities to communicate or learn. This population usually needs an alternative input human-computer interface (HCI). The paper presents an alternative multimodal HCI that incorporates a head-mounted interface and superficial electromyography sensors (sEMG). The aim of the study is to assess the usability and the suitability of these two HCI devices. Six non-disabled subjects and ten subjects with DCP participated in the iterative process in which each test follows an improvement of an input. The results indicated that for both systems, the improvements …
Eficacia del programa de educación afectivo-sexual EAS-SALUSEX para adolescentes con TEA
2018
Los/as adolescentes con TEA se caracterizan por carecer, en la mayoría de los casos, de las habilidades necesarias para establecer interacciones con fines afectivo-sexuales. Por este motivo, a demanda de un grupo de padres y profesores de un instituto público de Educación Secundaria, el equipo SALUSEX ha diseñado e implementado un programa de educación afectivo-sexual especialmente dirigido a satisfacer sus necesidades tanto en lo referido a conocimientos y actitudes como, sobre todo, en habilidades de comunicación e interacción con sus iguales con fines afectivo-sexuales. El programa fue aplicado a los 10 adolescentes (50% chicos y 50% chicas) de entre 14 y 17 años que formaban parte del a…
Metaphor comprehension in children with and without autism spectrum disorder
2020
Abstract Metaphor comprehension was studied in three groups of children from 6 to 12 years old: a group with autism spectrum disorder with level 2 severity (ASD, n = 22) and two comparison groups with typical development: one matched with the ASD group on chronological age (TCD group, n = 22) and the other matched on linguistic age (TLD group, n = 22). The TCD group performed better than the TLD group, which performed better than the ASD group, on the comprehension of both conventional and novel metaphors, with better performance found on conventional metaphors than on novel ones. We suggest that both linguistic and extralinguistic competencies (usually limited in level 2 ASD) would be nece…
Does mindfulness affect participants’ response to a vocational rehabilitation program?
2016
Objective: The study aims were to investigate whether mindfulness predicts improved work ability after a multifactorial vocational rehabilitation program in Norway and to examine the mediating influence of mindfulness in the relationship between personal health factors and changes in work ability in response to the program. Methods: Seventy-four participants on long-term sick leave completed questionnaires assessing mindfulness, work ability, functional health, psychological functioning, and demographics before and after a 4–6-week multidisciplinary vocational rehabilitation program. In addition to a standard logistic regression analysis, a bias-corrected bootstrapping technique was used to…
The Development and Initial Validation of a Short, Self-Report Measure on Social Inclusion for People with Intellectual Disabilities-A Transnational …
2021
Sport has been promoted as a means of increasing the social inclusion of persons with intellectual disabilities. Suitable tools for evaluating this claim are not readily available. The aim of this study was to develop a self-report tool for use by people with intellectual disabilities regarding the social inclusion they experience in sport and in the community. A three-phase process was used. In the first phase an item bank of questionnaire items was created and field-tested with 111 participants. Initial factor analysis identified 42 items which were further evaluated in Phase 2 with 941 participants from six European countries. Construct validity was established first through Exploratory …
The experience of sexuality in adults with intellectual disability
2017
Background People with intellectual disability have the same sexual needs as those without any disability, yet their sexuality is often restricted by reluctant attitudes and/or fears based on irrational beliefs. The aim of this study is to describe and analyse different areas of sexuality in adults with mild or moderate intellectual disability. Method The sample consisted of 180 men and 180 women attending occupational centres. All the participants were administered a questionnaire about sexuality adapted to their characteristics. Results Results show that 84.2% have had sexual relationships with another person, this percentage being higher in females and in people aged between 38 and 55 ye…
Do typically and atypically developing children learn and generalize novel names similarly: The role of conceptual distance during learning and at te…
2020
International audience; There is a large body of evidence showing that comparison of multiple stimuli leads to better conceptualization and generalization of novel names than no-comparison settings in typically developing (TD) children. By contrast, the evidence regarding this issue remains scarce in children with intellectual disabilities (ID). Children with intellectual disabilities (ID) and TD children matched on mental age with the Raven's coloured progressive matrices were tested in several novel name learning comparison conditions, with familiar objects. We manipulated the conceptual distance between the learning stimuli in the learning phase and between the learning and generalizatio…
Stressing the Stress or the Complexity of the Human Factor: Psychobiological Consequences of Distress
2017
Work stress is a complex process that takes place during the interaction between work demands and workers’ abilities. Karasek’s conceptualization of job stress (job demands-control model) predominates over other models of work stress. Job strain appears if there is an imbalance between demands and control. However, this parsimonious model is quite complex, mainly in the control dimension. Control is defined as the ability to cope with job demands; however, control is an ambiguous term that includes personal and job abilities and decision processes. Therefore, stress (or job strain) is a complex process that involves many different human resources to cope with job demands. In this context, i…