Search results for "Medicine and Health Sciences"

showing 10 items of 1075 documents

Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity across Body Mass Index in Females : Moderating Effect of Endocannabinoids and Temperament

2014

Altres ajuts: This manuscript was supported by grants from Instituto Salud Carlos III (FIS PI11/210 and CIBERobn). Sarah Sauchelli is recipient of a pre-doctoral Grant (2013-17) by IDIBELL. Jose C. Fernández-García is recipient of a 'Rio Hortega' contract from 'Instituto de Salud Carlos III', Madrid, Spain (CM12/00059). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Endocannabinoids and temperament traits have been linked to both physical activity and body mass index (BMI) however no study has explored how these factors interact in females. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to 1) examine differences…

PhysiologyObesidad:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings]Social SciencesDonesÍndice de masa corporalBlood plasmaBiochemistry:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]Body Mass IndexMorbid obesityEndocrinologyFemalesMedicine and Health SciencesHomeostasisPsychologyPublic and Occupational HealthBody mass index (BMI)Big Five personality traitsmedia_commonMultidisciplinaryQRNeurochemistryMiddle AgedLipidsEating disordersEndocannabinoidesPhysiological ParametersHomeostatic MechanismsEating disordersMedicineHarm avoidanceObesitatFemaleBehavioral and Social Aspects of HealthBioelectrical impedance analysisResearch ArticlePersonality:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyEsfuerzo físicoMujerSciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectObesitat mòrbidaExerciciMotor ActivityBiology:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Personality::Temperament [Medical Subject Headings]Internal medicinemedicine:Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Processes::Physical Exertion [Medical Subject Headings]HumansÁcidos araquidónicosWomenObesitySports and Exercise MedicineTemperamentTrastorns de la conducta alimentàriaExerciseMotivationBehavior:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Human MovementPhysical activityTemperamentoBody WeightCognitive PsychologyNovelty seekingBiology and Life SciencesModerate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)NeuroendocrinologyPlasma sanguinimedicine.diseaseObesityMorbid ObesityMetabolismEndocrinology:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Cognitive ScienceTemperamentEnergy MetabolismPhysiological ProcessesBody mass indexNeuroscienceEndocannabinoids
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Odd haemoglobins in odd-toed ungulates: Impact of selected haemoglobin characteristics of the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) on the monitorin…

2019

Background Due to the current poaching crisis in Africa, increasing numbers of white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum) require opioid immobilisation for medical interventions or management procedures. Alarmingly, the results of both blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry regularly indicate severe hypoxaemia. Yet, the recovery of the animals is uneventful. Thus, neither of the techniques seems to represent the real oxygenation level. We hypothesized that unusual haemoglobin characteristics of this species interfere with the techniques developed and calibrated for the use in human patients. Methods Haemoglobin was isolated from blood samples of four adult, white rhinoceroses. Oxygen dissociat…

PhysiologyOxygenMethemoglobinAnalytical Chemistry0403 veterinary scienceHemoglobins0302 clinical medicineHigh oxygenMedicine and Health SciencesOximetryMammalsAnalgesicsMultidisciplinarybiologymedicine.diagnostic_testCeratotherium simumApplied MathematicsSimulation and ModelingQChemical ReactionsREukaryotaDrugs04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBody FluidsAnalgesics OpioidChemistryBloodSpectrophotometryPhysical SciencesVertebratesMedicineAnatomyAlgorithmsResearch ArticleChemical ElementsChemical Dissociation040301 veterinary sciencesAnimal TypesScienceEquineschemistry.chemical_elementRhinocerosResearch and Analysis MethodsAbsorbance03 medical and health sciencesChemical AnalysismedicineAnimalsHumansPain ManagementGas AnalysisDomestic AnimalsHorsesPerissodactylaPharmacologyChromatographyOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesOxygenationbiology.organism_classificationOxygenOpioidsPulse oximetry030228 respiratory systemchemistryAfricaAmniotesBlood Gas AnalysisZoologyMathematicsPLoS ONE
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Decision Making Impairment: A Shared Vulnerability in Obesity, Gambling Disorder and Substance Use Disorders?

2016

Introduction Addictions are associated with decision making impairments. The present study explores decision making in Substance use disorder (SUD), Gambling disorder (GD) and Obesity (OB) when assessed by Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and compares them with healthy con- trols (HC). Methods For the aims of this study, 591 participants (194 HC, 178 GD, 113 OB, 106 SUD) were assessed according to DSM criteria, completed a sociodemographi c interview and con- ducted the IGT. Results SUD, GD and OB present impaired decision making when compared to the HC in the over- all task and task learning, however no differences are found for the overall performanc e inthe IGT among the clinical groups. Results…

PhysiologyVulnerabilityDeficitsSocial Scienceslcsh:MedicineFood addictionTask (project management)Pathological psychologyCognitionLearning and Memory0302 clinical medicineAbusersDecisió Presa deTaskMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologylcsh:ScienceHealthy controlsmedia_commonCognitive ImpairmentMultidisciplinaryCognitive NeurologyNeuropsychological testingPresa de decisionsCognitionJoc compulsiuAddictsSubstance abuseCognitive impairmentNeurologyPhysiological ParametersObesitatSexmedicine.symptomAlcoholPsychologyCompulsive gamblingResearch ArticleSubstance abuseBehavioral addictionmedicine.medical_specialtyCognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectDecision MakingIowa Gambling TaskAddictionGambling disorderSubstance use disorderbehavioral disciplines and activities03 medical and health sciencesNeuropsychologymedicineAddictesLearningNutrition disordersJocs d'atzarBehavioral addictionObesityPsychiatrySet (psychology)Neuropsychological TestingAddictionBody Weightlcsh:RCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesAddictionsPhysical fitnessmedicine.diseaseIowa gambling task030227 psychiatryAbús de substànciesPsicopatologiaBehavioral AddictionTrastorns de la nutricióGamblingCognitive Sciencelcsh:QNeuropsicologiaVentromedial prefrontal cortexDecision making030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceCondició física
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Modic changes-Their associations with low back pain and activity limitation: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

2018

Background Previous systematic reviews have reported positive associations between Modic changes (MCs) and low back pain (LBP), but due to their narrow scope and new primary studies, there is a need for a comprehensive systematic review. Our objectives were to investigate if MCs are associated with non-specific LBP and/or activity limitation and if such associations are modified by other factors. Methods A protocol for this review was registered at PROSPERO prior to commencing the work (PROSPERO record: CRD42015017350). The MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE databases were searched for relevant studies from first record to June 15th 2016. Prospective or retrospective cross-sectional cohort studies …

Physiologylcsh:MedicinePathology and Laboratory MedicineDiagnostic RadiologyDatabase and Informatics Methods0302 clinical medicineMathematical and Statistical TechniquesBone MarrowImmune PhysiologyOdds RatioMedicine and Health SciencesIntervertebral Disc/diagnostic imagingDatabase Searchinglcsh:ScienceIntervertebral DiscMusculoskeletal System030222 orthopedicsMultidisciplinaryLumbar VertebraeRadiology and ImagingResearch AssessmentLow back painMagnetic Resonance ImagingPeer reviewSystematic reviewResearch DesignMeta-analysisSpinal Diseases/complicationsPhysical SciencesLow Back Pain/complicationsSpinal Diseasesmedicine.symptomAnatomyStatistics (Mathematics)Cohort studyResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtySystematic ReviewsImaging TechniquesLumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imagingLower Back PainImmunologyPainResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesSigns and SymptomsDiagnostic MedicineInternal medicinemedicineHumansMobility LimitationStatistical Methodsbusiness.industrylcsh:RCase-control studyBiology and Life SciencesModic changesOdds ratioSpineCase-Control StudiesImmune Systemlcsh:QbusinessLow Back Pain030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematicsMeta-AnalysisPloS one
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Origin of the natural variation in the storage of dietary carotenoids in freshwater amphipod crustaceans

2020

16 pages; International audience; Carotenoids are diverse lipophilic natural pigments which are stored in variable amounts by animals. Given the multiple biological functions of carotenoids, such variation may have strong implications in evolutionary biology. Crustaceans such as Gammarus amphipods store large amounts of these pigments and inter-population variation occurs. While differences in parasite selective pressure have been proposed to explain this variation, the contribution of other factors such as genetic differences in the gammarid ability to assimilate and/or store pigments, and the environmental availability of carotenoids cannot be dismissed. This study investigates the relati…

Pigments0106 biological sciencesSpeciationMarine and Aquatic SciencesFresh Water01 natural sciencesGammarusMedicine and Health SciencesNatural variabilityMaterialsCarotenoidchemistry.chemical_classificationEnzyme Precursors0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinarybiologyQREukaryotafood and beveragesCrustaceansPhysical SciencesMedicineCatechol OxidaseResearch ArticleFreshwater EnvironmentsEvolutionary ProcessesArthropodaScienceMaterials ScienceZoologyNatural variation010603 evolutionary biology03 medical and health sciencesRiversCryptic SpeciationGeneticsParasitic DiseasesAnimalsAmphipodaParasitesNutrition030304 developmental biologyEvolutionary BiologyOrganic PigmentsPopulation BiologyEcology and Environmental SciencesOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesAquatic EnvironmentsEnvironmental availabilityBodies of Waterbiology.organism_classificationCarotenoidsInvertebratesCrustaceanDiet[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate ZoologychemistryFood supplementMicrosporidiaGammarus fossarumEarth SciencesGenetic PolymorphismPopulation GeneticsPLOS ONE
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Platelet function testing in pigs using the Multiplate® Analyzer.

2019

PLOS ONE 14(8), e0222010 (2019). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222010

Platelet AggregationSwinePhysiology030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPlatelet inhibitionPharmacologyAntiplatelet Therapy0302 clinical medicineOral administrationAnimal CellsPig ModelsMedicine and Health SciencesMedicinePlateletOral AdministrationRoutes of AdministrationMammalsMultidisciplinaryPharmaceuticsQREukaryotaHematologyAnimal ModelsClopidogrelBody FluidsBloodExperimental Organism SystemsVertebratesMedicineAnatomyCellular Typesmedicine.drugResearch ArticleBlood PlateletsPlateletsPlatelet Function TestsScience610Research and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesAnimal modelDrug TherapyAnimalsddc:610Platelet activationBlood CoagulationApplication methodsPharmacologyBlood CellsAspirinbusiness.industryOrganismsBiology and Life Sciences030208 emergency & critical care medicineCell BiologyPlatelet ActivationReference valuesAmniotesPurinergic P2Y Receptor AntagonistsAnimal StudiesbusinessPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsPloS one
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Squaric Ester-Based, pH-Degradable Nanogels: Modular Nanocarriers for Safe, Systemic Administration of Toll-like Receptor 7/8 Agonistic Immune Modula…

2021

Small-molecular Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonists hold promise as immune modulators for a variety of immune therapeutic purposes including cancer therapy or vaccination. However, due to their rapid systemic distribution causing difficult-to-control inflammatory off-target effects, their application is still problematic, in particular systemically. To address this problem, we designed and robustly fabricated pH-responsive nanogels serving as versatile immunodrug nanocarriers for safe delivery of TLR7/8-stimulating imidazoquinolines after intravenous administration. To this aim, a primary amine-reactive methacrylamide monomer bearing a pendant squaric ester amide is introduced, which i…

Polymersmedicine.medical_treatmentNanogelsVACCINEPharmacology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMicelleCatalysisArticlePolymerizationchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryAdjuvants ImmunologicSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmedicineMedicine and Health SciencesAnimalsHumansReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationMicellesTLR8AMIDESDrug CarriersMice Inbred BALB CChemistryOptical ImagingBiology and Life SciencesEstersGeneral ChemistryTLR7Hydrogen-Ion Concentration0104 chemical sciencesImidazoquinolineDrug LiberationCONJUGATIONToll-Like Receptor 7Toll-Like Receptor 8Systemic administrationImmunotherapyNanocarriersADJUVANTSAdjuvantNanogel
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Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

2021

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia…

Population -- Health aspectsLeannessBaixo peso/UnderweightnoneDouble burdenalipainoisuustulotasoglobal healthsystematic analysisSedentary behaviorsRC1200Prospective associations0302 clinical medicineunderweightnälänhätäBiology (General)skin and connective tissue diseasesChildrenComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSBody mass indexHuman Nutrition & Healtheducation.field_of_studyHumane Voeding & GezondheidylipainoGeneral Medicinekansainvälinen vertailu3. Good healthWorld healthMedicineA100 Pre-clinical MedicinePopulation distributionmedicine.medical_specialtyQH301-705.5ScienceSocio-culturaleNursing.Social sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciencesThinnessSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingBMI; epidemiology; global health; none; obesity; underweightNoneHumansObesidade/ObesitySDG 2 - Zero HungereducationVLAGUS adultsOmvårdnadbody mass index; malnutrition; obesity underweightnutritional and metabolic diseasesmedicine.diseaseterveellisyysObesityFaculdade de Ciências SociaisBMI; epidemiology; global health; none; obesity; underweight; Body Mass Index; Humans; Obesity; Prevalence; Risk Factors; ThinnessGeneral BiochemistryWIASlihavuusunderweight ; obesity ; BMIBody mass indexRADemographyN.A.double burdenobesitySettore MED/09 - Medicina Internaalueelliset erotNutrition and DiseaseAnimal Nutrition[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Medizin030204 cardiovascular system & hematology0601 Biochemistry and Cell BiologyChange distribution of body mass indexRisk FactorsRA0421Voeding en ZiekteEpidemiologyPrevalenceMedicine and Health SciencesGlobal healthÍndice de massa corporal/Body Mass Index030212 general & internal medicineUnderweightpainoindeksi2. Zero hungerGeneral NeuroscienceQRaliravitsemuselintarvikkeethealthPublic Health Global Health Social Medicine and EpidemiologyDiervoeding3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational health//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.03 [https]/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingChinese adultsepidemiologypooled analysisUnderweightmedicine.symptomDiet qualityB120 PhysiologyResearch Articletrends//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.03 [https]prevalencePopulationMothersGenetics and Molecular Biologybody mass indexmalnutrition3121 Internal medicineBMImedicineLife Scienceddc:6103125 Otorhinolaryngology ophthalmologyObesitykehonkoostumusNutritionAustralian adultsGeneral Immunology and Microbiology//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.04 [https]Ciências sociaisFolkhälsovetenskap global hälsa socialmedicin och epidemiologiMalnutritionEpidemiology and Global Healthsense organsEstilos de Vida e Impacto na Saúde
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Predictive validity of the GOSLON Yardstick index in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate: A systematic review

2017

Among the various indices developed for measuring the results of treatment in patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), the GOSLON Yardstick index is the most widely used to assess the efficacy of treatment and treatment outcomes, which in UCLP cases are closely linked to jaw growth. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to validate the predictability of growth using the GOSLON Yardstick in patients born with UCLP. A systematic literature review was conducted in four Internet databases: Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Embase, complemented by a manual search and a further search in the databases of the leading journals that focus on this topic. An el…

Predictive validityIndex (economics)Systematic ReviewsCleft LipOral MedicineMEDLINEScopusCleft Lip and Palatelcsh:MedicineDentistrySurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresOrthodonticsCochrane LibraryResearch and Analysis MethodsDatabase and Informatics Methods03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesCongenital DisordersMorphogenesisHumansMedicineIn patientBirth DefectsLongitudinal Studies030212 general & internal medicineDatabase Searchinglcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinarybusiness.industrylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesGoslon yardstick030206 dentistryResearch AssessmentCleft PalateSystematic reviewOtorhinolaryngologyResearch Designlcsh:QbusinessResearch ArticleDevelopmental BiologyPLOS ONE
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Fitness testing in tennis: Influence of anthropometric characteristics, physical performance, and functional test on serve velocity in professional p…

2021

The aims of this study were to examine the relationship between anthropometric variables, physical performance, and functional test with serve velocity regarding tennis players’ level and to design regression models that effectively predict serve velocity. A sample of sixteen male tennis players participated in this study (national level = 8, professional level = 7). Anthropometric measurements (body mass, height, body mass index and body segments) and physical test (hand strength, countermovement jump, jump on serve, and serve velocity) and functional test (medicine ball throw overhead and shot put) were performed. No differences in anthropometrics and physical test were found between nati…

Predictive validitymedicine.medical_specialtyFunctional trainingMuscle PhysiologyPhysiologyScienceSocial SciencesPhysical medicine and rehabilitationHand strengthMedicine and Health SciencesElbowmedicinePsychologyHumansBiomechanicsMathematicsForearmsBehaviorMultidisciplinaryAnthropometryHand StrengthQRBiology and Life SciencesRegression analysisPhysical Functional PerformanceAnthropometrySports ScienceTest (assessment)body regionsArmsBody LimbsTennisMultivariate AnalysisExercise TestJumpRecreationLegsRegression AnalysisMedicineAnatomyPhysical testMusculoskeletal Mechanicshuman activitiesResearch ArticleSportsPLOS ONE
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