Search results for "Medieval"
showing 10 items of 1745 documents
Effectifs et recrutement du clergé séculier français à la fin du Moyen Age
1993
Il n'existe dans aucun diocèse français d'état descriptif du clergé, de matricule qui aurait permis aux évêques ou à leurs officiers de prendre une vue globale des effectifs de clercs placés sous leur juridiction. La question ne les préoccupait sans doute guère, puisque les registres de visites pastorales, s'ils comptent les livres liturgiques et observent les tuiles des toitures, ne dénombrent pas systématiquement les prêtres et les clercs de chaque paroisse. Un document de ce type n'apparai...
Maternal DNA lineages at the gate of Europe in the 10th century AD
2018
Given the paucity of archaeogenetic data available for medieval European populations in comparison to other historical periods, the genetic landscape of this age appears as a puzzle of dispersed, small, known pieces. In particular, Southeastern Europe has been scarcely investigated to date. In this paper, we report the study of mitochondrial DNA in 10th century AD human samples from Capidava necropolis, located in Dobruja (Southeastern Romania, Southeastern Europe). This geographical region is particularly interesting because of the extensive population flux following diverse migration routes, and the complex interactions between distinct population groups during the medieval period. We suc…
Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria
2018
Significance Many modern European states trace their roots back to a period known as the Migration Period that spans from Late Antiquity to the early Middle Ages. We have conducted the first population-level analysis of people from this era, generating genomic data from 41 graves from archaeological sites in present-day Bavaria in southern Germany mostly dating to around 500 AD. While they are predominantly of northern/central European ancestry, we also find significant evidence for a nonlocal genetic provenance that is highly enriched among resident Early Medieval women, demonstrating artificial skull deformation. We infer that the most likely origin of the majority of these women was sout…
Ancient bacterial genomes reveal a high diversity of Treponema pallidum Strains in early Modern Europe
2020
Syphilis is a globally re-emerging disease, which has marked European history with a devastating epidemic at the end of the 15th century. Together with non-venereal treponemal diseases, like bejel and yaws, which are found today in subtropical and tropical regions, it currently poses a substantial health threat worldwide. The origins and spread of treponemal diseases remain unresolved, including syphilis’ potential introduction into Europe from the Americas. Here, we present the first genetic data from archaeological human remains reflecting a high diversity of Treponema pallidum in early modern Europe. Our study demonstrates that a variety of strains related to both venereal syphilis and y…
Fasciola hepatica eggs in paleofaeces of the Persian onager Equus hemionus onager, a donkey from Chehrabad archaeological site, dating back to the Sa…
2018
Fascioliasis is a highly pathogenic zoonotic disease caused by the liver trematodes Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Within the multidisciplinary initiative against this disease, there is the aim of understanding how this disease reached a worldwide distribution, with important veterinary and medical repercussions, by elucidating the spreading steps followed by the two fasciolids from their paleobiogeograhical origins. Fasciola eggs were detected in paleofaeces of a donkey, probably the present-day endangered Persian onager Equus hemionus onager, found in the Chehrabad salt mine archaeological site, Zanjan province, northwestern Iran. The biological remains dated back to the Sassanid per…
Quia non ascendit suma : la riqueza del clero de la ciudad de Zaragoza durante la Baja Edad Media (1272-1456)
2021
[ES] El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar la riqueza y la desigualdad socioeconómica del clero zaragozano a través de las fuentes fiscales durante la Baja Edad Media. Mediante el análisis de los libros de décimas pontificias conservados en el Archivo de la Corona de Aragón y en el Archivo Apostólico Vaticano es posible documentar la tasa contributiva de los clérigos aragoneses, en general, y de los zaragozanos, en particular. En concreto, a través de un estudio cronológico amplio, se puede definir la estructura y la jerarquía de la Iglesia zaragozana, comprobar cómo evolucionó la riqueza de los eclesiásticos y cómo afectaron a este grupo heterogéneo las diferentes coyunturas económicas …
An Illustration to Ælfric’s De temporibus anni in Ælfwine’s Prayerbook
2020
L'articolo esamina un diagramma contenuto nel manoscritto London, British Library, Cotton Titus D.xxvii+xxvi, generalmente noto come 'Ælfwine’s Prayerbook'. Il diagramma, che si trova al fol. 21 v , è stato in genere interpretato come una rota incompleta, o delle maree o dei venti (dal momento che contiene solo 4 dei canonici 12 venti della tradizione scientifica medievale). Una analisi comparativa e dettagliata delle caratteristiche del diagramma, tuttavia, mostra come l'ipotesi della rota delle maree sia da rigettare in favore della teoria di una rota ventorum. Inoltre, l'analisi dei testi contenuti nel manoscritto rivela una stretta connessione tra il diagramma e il De temporibus anni di…
Learning from the past in the COVID-19 era: rediscovery of quarantine, previous pandemics, origin of hospitals and national healthcare systems, and e…
2020
Abstract After the dramatic coronavirus outbreak at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, on 11 March 2020, a pandemic was declared by the WHO. Most countries worldwide imposed a quarantine or lockdown to their citizens, in an attempt to prevent uncontrolled infection from spreading. Historically, quarantine is the 40-day period of forced isolation to prevent the spread of an infectious disease. In this educational paper, a historical overview from the sacred temples of ancient Greece—the cradle of medicine—to modern hospitals, along with the conceive of healthcare systems, is provided. A few foods for thought as to the conflict between ethics in medicine and shortage of personne…
Präpositionale Wortgruppen im Altspanischen: 13.-15. Jahrhundert
2013
Der Untersuchungsgegenstand dieser Dissertation sind präpositionale Wortgruppen (PWG) (locuciones prepositivas) in kastilischen Texten aus dem Mittelalter. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine kontrastive Analyse von PWG an Hand von zwei Diskurstraditionen, einer juristischen und einer historischen, während des 13., 14. und 15.Jahrhunderts. Das Hauptkorpus beinhaltet zu jedem Jahrhundert einen juristischen und einen chronistischen Text. Um der Gefahr der einseitigen Konzentration auf juristische und chronistische Texte zu entgehen, werden für jedes Jahrhundert ein zusätzlicher Text aus der Gattung der Literatur ausgewertet (Calila e Dimna, El Conde Lucanor und La Celestina). Ausgangspunkt dieser Arb…
La Edad Media contemporánea : estudio de la novela española de tema medieval (1990-2012)
2013
La tesis doctoral La Edad Media contemporánea. Estudio de la novela española de tema medieval (1990-2012) analiza la eclosión de la Edad Media en la novela española contemporánea, a través de un catálogo, formado por más de medio millar de títulos ambientados en el medievo o que lo convierten en un motivo a través del cual articulan sus tramas. Se ofrece una tipología que da cuenta de los modelos textuales más seguidos en los últimos años, así como un análisis de los motivos que han convertido en la narrativa de tema medieval en la más vendida y divulgada en nuestro país, y un detallado estudio de lo que bien puede denominarse narrativa templaria, pues, sin lugar a dudas, la Orden del Templ…