Search results for "Mediterranean"
showing 10 items of 3196 documents
Wine, Diet, and Arterial Hypertension
2007
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries, and the number of prehypertensive patients is increasing. The beneficial effects of moderate wine consumption on cardiovascular diseases have been demonstrated, along with the healthy influence of a Mediterranean dietary pattern. The association of these 2 factors on hypertension and its complications is considered here. As wine polyphenols exert a vasorelaxing action, they might positively influence the hemodynamic situation of these patients. These effects could be enhanced by dietary constituents, such as garlic, onions, and olive oil, which are widely employed in Mediterranean cooking. By evaluating many studies…
Diet-disease relationships : recent advances in nutritional epidemiology
2020
Nutritional epidemiology currently studies the diet-disease relationships. In order to evaluate these associations, an accurate estimation of nutritional exposure is essential. Traditional dietary questionnaires are being complemented with the measurement of nutritional biomarkers. New methodologies, including the use of new dietary assessments, metabolomics for increasing the quantity and quality of biomarkers, and statistical approaches to combine both techniques, are required to move forward this field. In this review, we have selected five of the more relevant accomplishments in this field as examples of the importance of dietary factors in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. T…
Japanese, Mediterranean and Argentinean diets and their potential roles in neurodegenerative diseases
2019
Environmental factors are responsible of cellular senescence and processes found in the development of cognitive disorders. The aim of this paper is to compare benefits of the Japanese, Mediterranean, and Argentinian Diet on the onset or prevention of senile dementia (SD) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Special focus was on the effects of specific compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), antioxidants, and saturated and trans fatty acids. A high adherence to diets rich in PUFAs, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and antioxidants may decrease the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases ; while the predominance of saturated and trans fatty acids possibly rises it.
Effect of a Mediterranean Diet Intervention on Dietary Glycemic Load and Dietary Glycemic Index: The PREDIMED Study
2014
© 2014 Ana Isabel Rodríguez-Rejón et al. Objective. To compare the one year effect of two dietary interventions with MeDiet on GL and GI in the PREDIMED trial. Methods. Participants were older subjects at high risk for cardiovascular disease. This analysis included 2866 nondiabetic subjects. Diet was assessed with a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The GI of each FFQ item was assigned by a 5-step methodology using the International Tables of GI and GL Values. Generalized linear models were fitted to assess the relationship between the intervention group and dietary GL and GI at one year of follow-up, using control group as reference. Results. Multivariate-adjusted mode…
Mediterranean diet and health: A systematic review of epidemiological studies and intervention trials
2019
Diet is a crucial variable for a healthy life. A rapidly growing number of studies in recent years support the hypothesis that the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has a beneficial effect on certain body systems, but the highly varied objectives and quality of these publications warrants an updated assessment. In the present review we performed a comprehensive evaluation of current evidence on the impact of the MedDiet on human health, assessing its effect on the incidence or progression of the main non-communicable diseases and their intermediate outcomes and risk factors. We scrutinised the clinical evidence from observational studies and randomised controlled trials. Cardiovascular disease w…
Olive oil consumption and risk of CHD and/or stroke: a meta-analysis of case–control, cohort and intervention studies
2014
Increasing evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet can reduce the risk of CVD. Olive oil is the hallmark of this dietary pattern. We conducted a meta-analysis of case–control, prospective cohort studies and a randomised controlled trial investigating the specific association between olive oil consumption and the risk of CHD (101 460 participants) or stroke (38 673 participants). The results of all observational studies were adjusted for total energy intake. The random-effects model assessing CHD as an outcome showed a relative risk (RR) of 0·73 (95 % CI 0·44, 1·21) in case–control studies and 0·96 (95 % CI 0·78, 1·18) in cohort studies for a 25 g increase in olive oil consumption. In …
Mediterranean diet and antihypertensive drug use: a randomized controlled trial
2021
Objective To examine in older individuals at high cardiovascular risk whether following a Mediterranean diet decreased the necessity of antihypertensive drugs and modulated their associated cardiovascular risk. Methods In the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea study, we assessed whether volunteers randomly allocated to an intervention with a Mediterranean diet enriched with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts (relative to a low-fat control diet) disclosed differences in the risk of: initiating antihypertensive medication in nonusers at baseline (n = 2188); and escalating therapy in participants using one, two, or three drugs at baseline (n = 2361, n = 1579, and n = 554, respectively). We also ass…
Maternal profile according to Mediterranean diet adherence and small for gestational age and preterm newborn outcomes
2020
AbstractObjective:The objective was to evaluate maternal Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern adherence during pregnancy and its association with small for gestational age (SGA) and preterm birth. A secondary objective of the current study was to describe the sociodemographic, lifestyle and obstetric profile of the mothers studied as well as the most relevant paternal and newborn characteristics.Design:The current study is a two-phase retrospective population-based study of maternal dietary habits during pregnancy and their effect on newborn size and prematurity. The descriptive first phase examined maternal dietary habits during pregnancy along with the maternal sociodemographic, lifestyle and …
Mediterranean Diet and Invasive Breast Cancer Risk Among Women at High Cardiovascular Risk in the PREDIMED Trial
2015
Importance Breast cancer is the leading cause of female cancer burden, and its incidence has increased by more than 20% worldwide since 2008. Some observational studies have suggested that the Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of breast cancer. Objective To evaluate the effect of 2 interventions with Mediterranean diet vs the advice to follow a low-fat diet (control) on breast cancer incidence. Design, Setting, and Participants The PREDIMED study is a 1:1:1 randomized, single-blind, controlled field trial conducted at primary health care centers in Spain. From 2003 to 2009, 4282 women aged 60 to 80 years and at high cardiovascular disease risk were recruited after invitation by their p…
Can adherence to the Mediterranean diet prevent myocardial infarction? Answers from an Italian study
2015
Background The Mediterranean-style diet, with a focus on vegetables, fruit, fish, whole grains, and olive oil, has proven to reduce cardiovascular events. This case control study add epidemiological data, covering the lack in Italian context, on the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MDA) and non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in multicenter study covering …