Search results for "Memory"
showing 10 items of 2004 documents
« Le jeu littéraire dans le Livre d’Artus (XIIIe siècle) : parodie et auto-parodie »
2012
Version CD-ROM; International audience
Adaptative memory and animacy effect
2017
According to the adaptive memory view, human memory was shaped in the distant past to remember fitness relevant information (e.g., finding food, protecting ourselves from predators). An increasing number of studies favor this view, by showing that information related to to survival is memorized better than information not related to survival (Nairne, Thompson, & Pandeirada, 2007). Recently, a new type of findings further supports this functional approach of memory: animacy effects, that is to say the observation that animates (living things able of independent movements; e.g., baby, grasshopper) are remembered better than inanimates (non-living things e.g., teakettle, rope). One account of …
Le fractionnement de la métamémoire dans la maladie d'Alzheimer
2017
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by memory deficits. However, only a few studies have explored how patients judge their memory difficulties. The main aim of this thesis is to determine in more details whether or not Alzheimer’s patients have impaired metamnesic abilities (knowledge about own memory). Indeed, previous studies showed a complex pattern of results and suggested a fractionation of metamemory in Alzheimer’s disease (Souchay, 2007). Therefore, the main aim of this thesis is to explore this fractionation in more details and to explore whether it can be observed (1) between long-term memory tasks and short-term memory tasks, (2) according to the type of response (judgment of lea…
Collective Modes and Structural Modulation in Ni-Mn-Ga(Co) Martensite Thin Films Probed by Femtosecond Spectroscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.
2015
International audience; The origin of the martensitic transition in the magnetic shape memory alloy Ni-Mn-Ga has been widely discussed. While several studies suggest it is electronically driven, the adaptive martensite model reproduced the peculiar nonharmonic lattice modulation. We used femtosecond spectroscopy to probe the temperature and doping dependence of collective modes, and scanning tunneling microscopy revealed the corresponding static modulations. We show that the martensitic phase can be described by a complex charge-density wave tuned by magnetic ordering and strong electron-lattice coupling.
Comparison of RK and confidence judgement ROCs in recognition memory.
2011
author cannot archive publisher's version/PDF; International audience; Several indicators have been used to differentiate familiarity and recollection processes. One dualist theory stipulates that it is possible to decide whether memories come from a feeling of knowing or from a conscious retrieval of the encoding and storage conditions (remembering). Another dualist theory is based on an indirect estimation of familiarity and recollection via the subjective confidence associated with recognition responses, and from an analysis of the derived receiver operating characteristics (ROC). In the present study, participants were presented with target words or faces that they subsequently had to r…
The inhibitory effect of long-term associative representation on working memory
2020
Studies on how long-term memory affects working memory (WM) have found that long-term memory can enhance WM processing. However, these studies only use item memory as the representation of long-term memory. In addition to item memory, associative memory is also an essential part of long-term memory. The associative memory and item memory involve different cognitive mechanisms and brain areas. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how associative memory affects WM processing. Before the WM task, participants were asked to store 16 pairs of dissimilar pictures into long-term memory. The participants would obtain the associative memory of these pairs of pictures in the long-term …
Differential memory persistence of odor mixture and components in newborn rabbits: competition between the whole and its parts
2014
Interacting with the mother during the daily nursing, newborn rabbits experience her body odour cues. In particular, the mammary pheromone (MP) contained in rabbit milk triggers the typical behaviour which helps to localize and seize the nipples. It also promotes the very rapid appetitive learning of simple or complex stimuli (odorants or mixtures) through associative conditioning. We previously showed that 24h after MP-induced conditioning to odorants A (ethyl isobutyrate) or B (ethyl maltol), newborn rabbits perceive the AB mixture in a weak configural way, i.e. they perceive the odour of the AB configuration in addition to the odours of the elements. Moreover, after conditioning to the m…
Reading changes in children and adolescents with dyslexia after transcranial direct current stimulation.
2016
Noninvasive brain stimulation offers the possibility to induce changes in cortical excitability and it is an interesting option as a remediation tool for the treatment of developmental disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on reading and reading-related skills of children and adolescents with dyslexia. Nineteen children and adolescents with dyslexia performed different reading and reading-related tasks (word, nonword, and text reading; lexical decision; phonemic blending; verbal working memory; rapid automatized naming) in a baseline condition without tDCS and after 20 min of exposure to three different tDCS conditions: left …
The neurolinguistics of the US/THEM structure in aphasia
2015
The aim of the paper was to show the importance of distinction between US and THEM which is disrupted in the patients with aphasia and leads to social isolation. It should be stressed that the distinction between US and THEM is deeply rooted in couture and language. It has great social and psychological significance since foreigners – speaking imperfect language are as a rule excluded from the society. Hence, aphasic persons tend also to be excluded and they become an object of pity. Neurolinguistic aspects of aphasia are also discussed. It is stressed that the structure of person and number constitute essential conditions (along with time) for the proper use of verbs. After presenting diff…
”Paljo luvataan, mutta ei sitten kuitenkaan” : muistisairasta läheistään hoitavien kokemuksia omaishoidon tuen hakemisen ongelmista
2022
Omaishoidon tuki on keino vastata kasvaviin palvelutarpeisiin. Kaikki muistisairaiden omaishoitajat eivät kuitenkaan hae tai saa omaishoidon tukea. Artikkelissa kuvataan omaishoitajien kokemuksia omaishoidon tuen hakemisesta. Tulosten mukaan omaishoidon tuen hakeminen voi olla monimutkainen prosessi, jota edistävät ja hidastavat monet tekijät. Puutteellisen palvelutarpeen arvioinnin vuoksi omaishoitajat voivat jäädä jopa kokonaan tuen ulkopuolelle. peerReviewed