Search results for "Mendel."
showing 10 items of 71 documents
Birth weight, adult weight, and cardiovascular biomarkers : Evidence from the Cardiovascular Young Finns Study
2021
This study quantifies the causal effect of birth weight on cardiovascular biomarkers in adulthood using the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS). We apply a multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) method that provides a novel approach to improve inference in causal analysis based on a mediation framework. The results show that birth weight is linked to triglyceride levels (β = −0.294; 95% CI [−0.591, 0.003]) but not to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (β = 0.007; 95% CI [−0.168, 0.183]). The total effect of birth weight on triglyceride levels is partly offset by a mediation pathway linking birth weight to adult BMI (β = 0.111; 95% CI [−0.013, 0.234]). The nega…
Does better education mitigate risky health behavior? A mendelian randomization study.
2022
Education and risky health behaviors are strongly negatively correlated. Education may affect health behaviors by enabling healthier choices through higher disposable income, increasing information about the harmful effects of risky health behaviors, or altering time preferences. Alternatively, the observed negative correlation may stem from reverse causality or unobserved confounders. Based on the data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study linked to register-based information on educational attainment and family background, this paper identifies the causal effect of education on risky health behaviors. To examine causal effects, we used a genetic score as an instrument for year…
Genètica en embriologia humana
2015
Aquests materials han rebut un incentiu del Servei de Política Lingüística. Diapositives de les classes de l'assignatura d'Embriologia del grau de Medicina. Grup de valencià. Curs 2014-15. Slides from the subject of Embriology. Degree of Medicine. 2014-2015.
Genètica mèdica
2015
Aquests materials han rebut un incentiu del Servei de Política Lingüística. Diapositives de les classes de l'assignatura del grau de Medicina: Gènetica Mèdica, curs 2014-15. Slides from the subject: Medical Genetics. Degree of Medicine. 2014-2015.
Separating the Mechanism-Based and Off-Target Actions of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors With CETP Gene Polymorphisms
2010
Background— Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, but torcetrapib, the first-in-class inhibitor tested in a large outcome trial, caused an unexpected blood pressure elevation and increased cardiovascular events. Whether the hypertensive effect resulted from CETP inhibition or an off-target action of torcetrapib has been debated. We hypothesized that common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the CETP gene could help distinguish mechanism-based from off-target actions of CETP inhibitors to inform on the validity of CETP as a therapeutic target. Methods and Results— We compared the effect of CETP single-nucleotide polymorphisms …
Citēšanas pārvaldības rīku lietojamība
2016
Pētījuma “Citēšanas pārvaldības rīku lietojamība” mērķis ir noskaidrot, cik lietotājiem draudzīgi ir pieejamie bezmaksas rīki – Mendeley un Zotero, kādi ir plusi un mīnusi, darbojoties ar šiem rīkiem. Pētījums balstīts uz DELOS seminārā Budapeštā izstrādāto “Mijiedarbības trīs komponentu modeli” (The Interaction Triptych Model). Kā datu vākšanas metode izvēlēta verbālais protokols. Rīku aprakstīšanai un novērtēšanai tika veikta kvalitatīvā kontentanalīze. Pētījuma rezultātā apstiprinājās izvirzītā hipotēze, ka Mendeley un Zotero nav lietotājiem draudzīgi rīki, jo rīku ātrākai apgūšanai ir nepieciešama profesionāļu palīdzība.
The diabetogenic action of statins — mechanisms and clinical implications
2015
Treatment with statins has transformed primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including thrombotic stroke. Evidence-based data demonstrate the benefits and safety of statin therapy and help to guide clinicians in the management of populations at high risk of CVD. Nevertheless, clinical trials, meta-analyses and observational studies highlight a 10-12% increase in new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) among patients receiving statins. The risk further increases with intensive therapy and among individuals with known risk factors for NODM. Mechanisms underpinning this effect are not yet fully understood; however, Mendelian randomization studies suggest that they are re…
The Mediterranean diet, plasma metabolome, and cardiovascular disease risk.
2020
Abstract Aims To investigate whether metabolic signature composed of multiple plasma metabolites can be used to characterize adherence and metabolic response to the Mediterranean diet and whether such a metabolic signature is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods and results Our primary study cohort included 1859 participants from the Spanish PREDIMED trial, and validation cohorts included 6868 participants from the US Nurses’ Health Studies I and II, and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (NHS/HPFS). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using a validated Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), and plasma metabolome was profiled by liquid chromatogr…
A meta-review of “lifestyle psychiatry”: the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders
2020
There is increasing academic and clinical interest in how "lifestyle factors" traditionally associated with physical health may also relate to mental health and psychological well-being. In response, international and national health bodies are producing guidelines to address health behaviors in the prevention and treatment of mental illness. However, the current evidence for the causal role of lifestyle factors in the onset and prognosis of mental disorders is unclear. We performed a systematic meta-review of the top-tier evidence examining how physical activity, sleep, dietary patterns and tobacco smoking impact on the risk and treatment outcomes across a range of mental disorders. Result…
1993
The formulation of the synthetic theory represented a significant-advance for evolutionary studies, which had previously been hampered by apparently irreconcilable contractions. Combining Mendelian laws with Darwinism, it joined the antitheses in a synthesis which was subsequently refined and completed. Today, its content may not be simply rejected or ignored, although there are those who think of it as little more than a corpse.