Search results for "Mental Model"

showing 10 items of 89 documents

Theoretical and Experimental Model for the Analysis of a Cardan Cross

2015

The work presents the aproach of initial moddeling and calculus in order to prepare an finite element investigation of the cardan transmission joint. For this, it is necessary to develop a flexible informational system that would connect the constructive design of cardan transmissions to the technological design within a unitary structure. Due to the typodimensional diversity of cardan transmissions, the design and manufacturing of the various components for a certain application domain (medical aparature, dental and agricultural machines, lifting and transportation machines etc.) has been typified. In order to study the problems that occur in the practice of using cardan transmissions, the…

Structure (mathematical logic)Engineering drawingEngineeringbusiness.industryExperimental modelGeneral MedicineUnitary stateConstructiveIndustrial engineeringFinite element methodTransmission (telecommunications)Application domainTechnological designbusinessApplied Mechanics and Materials
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History of echinostomes (Trematoda)

2014

AbstractEchinostomatidae (Trematoda) is the largest family within the class Trematoda. Members of this family have been studied for many years in relation to their utility as basic research models in biodiversity and systematics and also as experimental models in parasitology since they offer many advantages. Echinostomes have contributed significantly to numerous developments in many areas studied by parasitologists and experimental biologists. In this review, we examine the history of the echinostomebased studies from the beginnings to the present. For this purpose, we have divided the history of echinostomes into four periods (i.e. 18th and 19th centuries, first half of the 20th century,…

SystematicsbiologyExperimental modelResearchZoologyHistory 19th CenturyTrematode InfectionsHistory 20th CenturyHistory 18th Centurybiology.organism_classificationHistory 21st CenturyEchinostomatidaeSpecies SpecificityBasic researchClass TrematodaAnimalsHumansEthnologyParasitologyTrematodaTrematodaActa Parasitologica
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Oleuropein protects against dextran sodium sulfate-induced chronic colitis in mice.

2013

The anti-inflammatory effect of oleuropein (1), the major phenolic secoiridoid in Olea europaea, was evaluated in an experimental model of chronic colitis in mice. Animals were exposed to four repeated cycles of dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water followed by a 7-day rest period. Animals receiving a standard diet supplemented with 0.25% of 1 (equivalent to 500 mg/kg/day) for 56 days exhibited a decrease of inflammatory symptoms, as reflected by improvement of disease activity index and histopathological changes. It was found that 1 decreased inflammatory cell recruitment and the release of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 with increased IL-10 levels in colon tissue. …

T-LymphocytesInterleukin-1betaIridoid GlucosidesAnti-Inflammatory AgentsPharmaceutical ScienceNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIPharmacologyp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMiceOleuropeinOleaDrug DiscoveryAnimalsIridoidsIntestinal MucosaChronic colitisPyransPharmacologybiologyMolecular StructureExperimental modelInterleukin-6Organic ChemistryDextran Sulfatebiology.organism_classificationColitisInterleukin-10Mice Inbred C57BLComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryOleaCyclooxygenase 2Molecular MedicineDextran sodium sulfateJournal of natural products
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DECORIN EFFECTS ON PROTEOMIC PROFILING OF BREAST CANCER CELLS: AN UPDATED STUDY

2015

The malignant carcinomas are characterized by several capabilities acquired by the neoplastic cells, among which the ability to invade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to establish a crosstalk with several ECM components. Under this respect, the extracellular microenvironment is an entity extraordinarily rich of information with opposite signals. Our group has long undertaken the study of the effects of ECM molecules on the behavior of cancer cells in vitro. Among the studied molecules, the decorin was found to exert a non-permissive effect on the growth and motility of the transfected tumor cells. The decorin, belongs to the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) and is involv…

The malignant carcinomas are characterized by several capabilities acquired by the neoplastic cells among which the ability to invade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to establish a crosstalk with several ECM components. Under this respect the extracellular microenvironment is an entity extraordinarily rich of information with opposite signals. Our group has long undertaken the study of the effects of ECM molecules on the behavior of cancer cells in vitro. Among the studied molecules the decorin was found to exert a non-permissive effect on the growth and motility of the transfected tumor cells. The decorin belongs to the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) and is involved physiologically in the fibrillogenesis of collagen. In the last few year a new anti-oncogenic role has been proposed for decorin1. This study aimed to implement the knowledge on the effects of ectopic decorin on breast cancer cells using as a reference point the results already achieved by our research group2 on the experimental model format. By breast cancer cell line 8701-BC and its transfected clone DEC-C2. The extension of the proteomic analysis combined with the mass spectrometry allowed to triplicate the number of identified proteins in our model. Among the newly identified proteins were members of the classes of metabolic enzymes S100 family and cell motility proteins which revealed a net decrease in the decorin transfected cells. Of considerable importance is the observation that these classes of proteins are the most involved in metastatic progression. These results confirm and reinforce the anti-oncogenic role hypothesized for decorin. The work was co-funded by the Italian 5x1000 to COBS.DECORIN
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A Composition Approach to Design of Educational Animations

2017

International audience; The educational effectiveness of conventionally designed animations that portray complex, unfamiliar subject matter in a behaviorally realistic fashion too often falls well short of expectations. Previous research indicates that the veridical dynamic properties of these comprehensive animations make a major contribution to their lack of effectiveness. Due to these dynamics, there is a substantial mismatch between the processing demands these animations impose on learners and the characteristics of the human information processing system. As a result, the quality of the mental models that learners are able to construct is compromised. Interventions intended to improve…

User ControlComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subject[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/PsychologyStatic Graphiccomputer.software_genre050105 experimental psychologyMental ModelCausal chain0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesQuality (business)Representation (mathematics)media_commonEvent UnitMultimedia[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience4. Education05 social sciencesPerspective (graphical)Causal ChainInformation processor050301 educationAnimationUser control[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/NeuroscienceConstruct (philosophy)0503 educationcomputer
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Modelling of laser beam texturing process: experimental and numerical approaches

2007

The aim of this work is to reache a better control of the laser beam surface texturing process on three materials: 304L, TA6V and AA6056 alloys. For this purpose, two complementary methods, experimental and numerical modelling, have been used. As a result of the experimental design approach, it was observed that the laser surface texturing process of 304L and TA6V alloys is strongly influenced by the pulse energy and frequency. In order to obtain a surface roughness Sa < 5 µm for the highest possible productivity it is necessary to work with an energy of 5 mJ and a frequency ranging between 10 and 12 kHz. Unfortunately, for aluminium alloy AA6056, it is necessary to make a choice between ha…

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]recoil pressureexperimental modellingmodélisation expérimentaledéplacement de liquidemodélisation numériquefaisceau laserlaser beampression de recul[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]impact lasernumerical modelling laser impactliquid displacementtexturationtexturing
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Mental Models, Magical Thinking, and Individual Differences

2009

Broadly, there are two mutually exclusive accounts of how people (nonspecialist users) reason about and conceptualize interactive technology. The first is based on classical cognitive psychology and is characterized by the term mental model. The second, drawing on concepts from social cognition, observes that people often anthropomorphize technology. We argue that people are able to exhibit both of these quite different styles of cognition, which Baron-Cohen has described as systemizing and empathizing. The former is associated with the drive to analyze, explore, and construct a system, whereas the latter is the ability to spontaneously tune into another’s thoughts and feelings. The propens…

anthropomorphizationhuman computer interactionmental modelcognitive style
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Sp1 transcription factor interaction with accumulated prelamin a impairs adipose lineage differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells: essential r…

2012

Abstract Lamin A (LMNA)-linked lipodystrophies may be either genetic (associated with LMNA mutations) or acquired (associated with the use of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors [PIs]), and in both cases they share clinical features such as anomalous distribution of body fat or generalized loss of adipose tissue, metabolic alterations, and early cardiovascular complications. Both LMNA-linked lipodystrophies are characterized by the accumulation of the lamin A precursor prelamin A. The pathological mechanism by which prelamin A accumulation induces the lipodystrophy associated phenotypes remains unclear. Since the affected tissues in these disorders are of mesenchymal origin, we…

congenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesLipodystrophySp1 Transcription FactorCellular differentiationAdipose tissueBiologyLMNAHumansProtein PrecursorsTranscription factorOriginal Articles and ReviewsAdipogenesisintegumentary systemSecretory VesiclesMesenchymal stem cellnutritional and metabolic diseasesNuclear ProteinsCell DifferentiationMesenchymal Stem CellsCell BiologyGeneral MedicineLamin Type ALipid MetabolismCell biologyExtracellular MatrixBiochemistryAdipose TissueGene Expression RegulationAdipogenesisDifferentiationMutationMesenchymal stem cellsTranscription factorStem cellExperimental modelsLaminDevelopmental BiologyStem cells translational medicine
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The role of sport-specific play and practice during childhood in the development of adolescent Finnish team sport athletes

2016

This study sought to understand the role of sport-specific play and practice in the development of adolescent team sport athletes in the Finnish sports development system. Participants were male, 15-year-old soccer (n ¼ 141), ice hockey (n ¼ 204), and basketball (n ¼ 96) players, divided into three groups based on the amount of sport-specific play and practice experienced during childhood. Data were collected with sport-specific inventories of practice history, tactical skills, psychological skills, and sport-specific skill test. Results showed that athletes with more sport-specific play and practice during childhood had more sport-specific play and practice during adolescence, better techn…

developmental model of sport participationdeliberate playeducationtalent developmentyouth team sporthuman activitiesasiantuntijuus
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ENAZIONE, MODELLI MENTALI E POLITICA LINGUISTICA FASCISTA E FRANCHISTA

2021

The main objective of the article is to analyze, thanks to the application of the enactive approach and that of the mental models of van Dijk, the way in which the fascist and franquist linguistic policy was articulated through the analysis of some significant articles present in the bilingual magazine «Legioni e Falan- gi. Rivista d’Italia e di Spagna/Legiones y Falanges. Revista mensual de Italia y de España». In fact, this magazine is one of the many examples of public expression of a regime’s will to control, exercised through the use of a firm and full of ideology language used to establish control in order to influence the reader’s behaviors. The final considerations reached in the ar…

enactivism mental models ideology.
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