Search results for "Meta-analysis"

Effectiveness of Pre-Hospital Tourniquet in Emergency Patients with Major Trauma and Uncontrolled Haemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021

Trauma is one of the leading causes of uncontrolled haemorrhage, death, and disability. Use of a tourniquet can be considered an optimal anti-haemorrhagic resource, in pre-hospital and emergency settings, and its lifesaving effect is clinically contradictory. This review aims to assess the clinical efficacy of the tourniquet in the emergency pre-hospital care setting for the management of haemorrhage. We conducted the systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, the PRISMA statement. We searched the following electronic databases: EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane-CENTRAL. All studies included were appraised for risk of bias. Prevalent prim…

2017

We analyze historical and longitudinal research focusing on industry decline. Our analysis suggests that the literature’s general reliance on a few meta-theoretical arguments has important conseque...

Avian brood parasitism in Italy: Another perspective

2020

We present a quantitative analysis of the data reported in the only published review of parasitism frequency on hosts of Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus in a Mediterranean area. We first eliminated a bias potentially introduced by the method by which data were recorded. Of the initial potential 70 species parasitized in Italy, only 44 were confirmed as host species, of which only 10 species had more than 10% of their total nests parasitized. We highlighted differential parasitism on host species according to geographic area, but the analysis suggested results were strongly biased because nest location was generally not reported and the number of records steeply decreased from North to South.

The effectiveness of hypnosis for pain relief: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 85 controlled experimental trials.

2019

The current meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effectiveness of hypnosis for reducing pain and identify factors that influence efficacy. Six major databases were systematically searched for trials comparing hypnotic inductions with no-intervention control conditions on pain ratings, threshold and tolerance using experimentally-evoked pain models in healthy participants. Eighty-five eligible studies (primarily crossover trials) were identified, consisting of 3632 participants (hypnosis n = 2892, control n = 2646). Random effects meta-analysis found analgesic effects of hypnosis for all pain outcomes (g = 0.54-0.76, p’s<.001). Efficacy was strongly influenced by hypnotic suggestibility and u…

An Overview of Systematic Reviews of the Role of Vitamin D on Inflammation in Patients with Diabetes and the Potentiality of Its Application on Diabe…

2022

Almost two years have passed since the outbreak reported for the first time in Wuhan of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 coronavirus, rapidly evolved into a pandemic. This infectious disease has stressed global health care systems. The mortality rate is higher, particularly in elderly population and in patients with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, chronic renal disease, and malignancy. Among them, subjects with diabetes have a high risk of developing severe form of COVID-19 and show increased mortality. How diabetes contributes to COVID-19 severity remains unclear. …

Information management and complementary alternative medicine: the anatomy of information about CAMs through PubMed

2013

In recent years, there has been a growing interest about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and the use of CAM interventions has become more common among people. For these reasons, health professionals must be able to effectively manage information in this field of knowledge according to an evidence-based point of view. This study assessed the anatomy of the available information about CAMs using PubMed, to give practical instructions to manage information in this field. We also analyzed the anatomy of information according to each alternative medicine branch, narrow and broad search methods, subset filters for indexed-for-Medline and non-indexed citations, and different publicat…

Ensuring content validity of psychological and educational tests – the role of experts

2020

Many test developers try to ensure the content validity of their tests by having external experts review the items in terms of relevance, difficulty, clarity, and so on. Although this approach is widely accepted, a closer look reveals there are several pitfalls that need to be avoided if experts’ advice is to be truly helpful. First, I offer a classification of tasks experts are given by test developers as reported on in the literature dealing with procedures of drawing on experts’ advice. Second, I review a sample of reports on test development (N = 72) to identify the common current procedures for selecting and consulting experts. Results indicate that often the choice of experts seems to…

Interpersonal difficulties in obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis to inform a rejection sensitivity-based model

2019

Abstract Obesity is associated with difficulties due to stigma and loneliness. These impact negatively on individuals’ quality of life and behaviour change efforts. Increased sensitivity to others’ negative feedback might play a role in the maintenance of these difficulties and could be addressed in psychological interventions. We conducted a systematic review of interpersonal difficulties in individuals with obesity, across the lifespan. We investigated early interpersonal adversity (i.e. frequency of teasing/bullying), perceived interpersonal stress and quality of social life, based on a rejection sensitivity model. The databases PubMed, Web of Knowledge and AGRIS, Embase, Medline and Psy…

Un análisis empírico del impacto de la regulación contable en el mercado de auditoría

2017

El objetivo de la presente tesis se centra en el estudio de la estructura del mercado de la auditoría así como en analizar el impacto económico que la regulación contable ejerce sobre determinados elementos del mercado de auditoría (honorarios y rentabilidad de las firmas de auditoría). A partir de la publicación del Reglamento europeo 1606/2002 se requirió a los grupos cotizados que formulasen sus estados financieros consolidados desde el 1 de enero de 2005, conforme a las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera o NIIF. En España, la adaptación de las NIIF al resto de empresas, no se llevó a cabo hasta la aprobación del Nuevo Plan General Contable (NPGC) y del plan para pequeñas y…

Transient Focal Neurological Events in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and the Long-term Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Death: A Systematic Review …

2021

Importance Transient focal neurological episodes (TFNEs) are a frequently overlooked presentation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a condition with prognostic implications that are still not well described. Objective To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the factors associated with incident lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and death in patients with CAA presenting with TFNEs. Data Sources A systematic review and individual participant meta-analysis including (1) a hospital-based cohort and (2) the results obtained from a systematic search performed in MEDLINE and Embase completed in December 2019. Study Selection Included studies were observational reports of …