Search results for "Metabolizing enzymes"

Rational Species Extrapolation of Toxic Effects

1994

One of the main problems in toxicology and pharmacology is the extrapolation from one species to another, particularly from laboratory animals to man or in ecotoxicology from laboratory animals to free living species. Many toxicological data were raised only in one or a few species of laboratory animals. In the last decades more and more experimental data were obtained from in vitro-systems. Therefore extrapolations from in vitro to in vivo and from species to species are required. Species differences in uptake, distribution, metabolism, site of action, elimination and accumulation have to be taken into account. Most foreign compounds are metabolically transformed by diverse xenobiotica met…

Perception des molécules chimiosensorielles en mélange : impact du métabolisme périphérique

2015

The chemosensory system is highly sensitive and discriminant. To ensure these properties, rapid and effective mechanisms are necessary to eliminate chemosensory molecules reaching the perception interface. The xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) present in the peri-receptor space may participate to the clearance of molecules thus limiting chemosensory receptors saturation and promoting the termination of the signal. In our PhD thesis, the involvement of these enzymes in the detection of stimuli in mixture was assessed in two animal models allowing to test complementary aspects. In Drosophila melanogaster, a sensory exposure to caffeine causes a reversible alteration of the taste percepti…

Odorants' metabolism in Human: a critical role in odor perception revealed

2018

The NAOMI (Nasal Odorant Metabolites) consortium: an international, multidisciplinary consortium investigating how metabolites resulting from nasal e…

2021

International audience; A functional sense of smell is essential for evaluating and enjoying food, receiving information about conspecifics, and detecting threats via airborne chemical cues. Olfactory dysfunction has been associated with an impaired quality of life, reflected by a higher incidence of undesirable mental states such as depression and social insecurity. Addressing and overcoming related olfactory dysfunction issues require a detailed understanding of peripheral and central processes involved in olfaction. Consequently, there is a growing body of research unravelling molecular and cellular interactions that shape olfactory sensation. Recent studies have demonstrated that in the…