Search results for "Metallurgy"

showing 10 items of 1419 documents

Oxygen Diffusion in Alumina. Application to Synthetic and Thermally Grown Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>

2005

S. Chevalier, B. Lesage, C. Legros, G. Borchardt, G. Strehl, M. Kilo Laboratoire de Recherches sur la Reactivite des Solides, CNRS UMR 5613, Universite de Bourgogne, F-21078 Dijon, France Laboratoire d’Etudes des Materiaux Hors Equilibre, CNRS UMR 8647, Universite Paris XI, F-91405 Orsay, France. Institut fur Metallurgie, TU Clausthal, Robert Koch Strasse 42, D38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany. * sebastien.chevalier@u-bourgogne.fr

RadiationMaterials scienceMetallurgyOxygen diffusionGeneral Materials ScienceCondensed Matter PhysicsDefect and Diffusion Forum
researchProduct

Effect of Mechanoactivation on Interfacial Interaction in Metal/Oxide Systems

2006

Properties of interfaces in solid state metal/oxide joints (Al/SiO2, Al/MgO, Al/glass, Mg/MgO, Mg/SiO2, In/glass etc.) are reported. The interfaces were formed by plastic deformation of metal on the oxide surface at room temperature. Their structure, chemical composition, and micromechanical properties were studied by the AFM, XRD, SIMS, optical microscopy, and precision microindentation techniques. A noticeable adhesion was observed for metals with high affinity for oxygen and only in the regions of the maximum shear stress. Formation of an interfacial reaction zone with an oxygen concentration gradient is detected. In this zone metals are nanostructured and noticeably hardened. The effect…

RadiationMaterials scienceNanostructureMetallurgyOxidechemistry.chemical_elementAdhesionCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygenlaw.inventionMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundOptical microscopechemistryChemical engineeringlawvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceLimiting oxygen concentrationChemical compositionDefect and Diffusion Forum
researchProduct

Fast determination of impurities in metallurgical grade silicon for photovoltaics by instrumental neutron activation analysis

2010

Standard wafer solar cells are made of near-semiconductor quality silicon. This high quality material makes up a significant part of the total costs of a solar module. Therefore, new concepts with less expensive so called solar grade silicon directly based on physiochemically upgraded metallurgical grade silicon are investigated. Metallurgical grade silicon contains large amounts of impurities, mainly transition metals like Fe, Cr, Mn, and Co, which degrade the minority carrier lifetime and thus the solar cell efficiency. A major reduction of the transition metal content occurs during the unidirectional crystallization due to the low segregation coefficient between the solid and liquid phas…

RadiationMaterials scienceSiliconbusiness.industryMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementCarrier lifetimeSolar cell efficiencychemistryImpurityPhotovoltaicsWaferIngotNeutron activation analysisbusinessApplied Radiation and Isotopes
researchProduct

Mechanically stable metal layers for ohmic and blocking contacts on CdZnTe detectors by electroless deposition

2015

CdZnTe detectors are commonly exploited for the detection of gamma rays. However, obtaining mechanical stable, low noise contacts on CdZnTe is still an issue. In particular, ohmic contacts would be preferable for high flux applications. In this work, we show that it is possible to obtain mechanical stable gold contacts by electroless deposition in methanol solution. Moreover, we show that electroless deposited nickel contacts are also mechanical stable and are good candidates for the realization of ohmic contacts on high resistivity CdZnTe crystals.

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials scienceContactschemistry.chemical_elementElectroless depositionCrystalsMetalNickelOhmic contactAnodesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy Physicbusiness.industryBlocking (radio)MethanolMetallurgyDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDetectorsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)AnodeLow noiseNickelchemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumOptoelectronicsGoldbusiness
researchProduct

Effects of radiation and hydrogen-loading on the performances of raman-distributed temperature fiber sensors

2015

International audience; The integration of Raman-distributed temperature fiber-based sensors (RDTS) into the envisioned French deep geological repository for nuclear wastes, called Cigéo requires evaluating how the performances of RDTS evolve in harsh environments, more precisely in presence of H2 or γ-rays. Both H2 and radiations are shown to affect the temperature measurements made with the single-ended RDTS technology. The amplitudes of the observed effects depend on the different classes of multimode fibers varying in terms of composition and coatings. By selecting the most tolerant fiber structure for the sensing, we could maintain the RDTS performances for such application. A hardeni…

Raman scatteringnuclear wasteMulti-mode optical fiberOptical fiberMaterials scienceradiation effectbusiness.industrygamma radiationoptical fiber sensorRadiationhydrogen releaseTemperature measurementAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.invention[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]symbols.namesakelawFiber optic sensorDistributed temperatureHardening (metallurgy)symbolsOptoelectronicsbusinessRaman spectroscopyRaman scattering
researchProduct

Short range ordering and phase separation in rapidly quenched Ni80 57Fe1P19 amorphous alloys solution treated at different temperatures

1990

Abstract  Electrochemical measurements and Mossbauer spectroscopy were used to study a rapidly quenched Ni80 57Fe1P19 amorphous alloy solution treated between 920 and 1500 °C. Different short range orderings were shown in amorphous alloys solution treated at different temperatures. This finding can be associated with phase separation occurring in the liquid state. This phase separation can be inherited in slightly relaxed amorphous state.

Range (particle radiation)Materials scienceAmorphous metalMössbauer effectHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisMetallurgyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAnalytical chemistryPollutionTernary alloyAnalytical ChemistryAmorphous solidLiquid stateNuclear Energy and EngineeringMössbauer spectroscopyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSpectroscopyJournal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters
researchProduct

Long-Term Stability of (Ti/Zr/Hf)CoSb1−xSnxThermoelectric p-Type Half-Heusler Compounds Upon Thermal Cycling

2015

The effect of thermal cycling upon the thermoelectric performance of state-of-the-art p-type half-Heusler materials was investigated and correlated with the impact on the structural properties. We simulated a heat treatment of the material similar to actual applications in the mid-temperature range, such as occurs during the energy conversion from an automotive exhaust pipe. We compared three different compositions based on the (Ti/Zr/Hf)CoSb1−xSnx system. The best and most reliable performance was achieved using Ti0.5Hf0.5CoSb0.85Sn0.15, which reached a maximum figure of merit ZT of 1.1 at 700 °C. The intrinsic phase separation and resulting microstructuring, which are responsible for the …

Range (particle radiation)Materials sciencebusiness.industryMetallurgyThermodynamicsTemperature cyclingThermoelectric materialsGeneral EnergySemiconductorThermoelectric effectFigure of meritEnergy transformationThermal stabilitybusinessEnergy Technology
researchProduct

Numerical and experimental study of a niobium reactor preheating for titanium production by a vapor-phase reduction

2020

Reduction (complexity)Materials sciencechemistryMechanics of MaterialsMechanical EngineeringVapor phaseMetallurgyNiobiumchemistry.chemical_elementElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsTitaniumInternational Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics
researchProduct

Morphology and magnetoresistance of Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al-based tunnelling junctions

2009

Some ferromagnetic Heusler compounds are theoretically predicted to be half metallic materials, i.e. to be characterized by a huge spin polarization at the Fermi energy. We investigate the correlations between junction preparation conditions, morphology and transport properties of planar MgO/Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al/AlOx/Co/CoOx/Pt tunnelling junctions. Epitaxial Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al thin films were deposited by dc and rf magnetron sputtering on different buffer layers (Cr, Fe, MgO) on MgO(1 0 0) substrates. By RHEED, LEED and in situ STM investigations different surface morphologies were observed. Atomically flat surfaces with Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al unit cell sized steps (B2 structure) were obtained by rf sput…

Reflection high-energy electron diffractionMaterials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsCondensed matter physicsMetallurgySputter depositionCondensed Matter PhysicsEpitaxySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionTunnel magnetoresistancelawSputteringScanning tunneling microscopeThin filmQuantum tunnellingJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
researchProduct

Interference of EDTA in the treatment of metal plating wastewater by biosorption

2012

Renewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringOrganic ChemistryMetallurgyBiosorptionPollutionInorganic ChemistryMetalFuel TechnologyWastewaterPlatingvisual_artmedicinevisual_art.visual_art_mediumWaste Management and DisposalBiotechnologyNuclear chemistryActivated carbonmedicine.drugJournal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology
researchProduct