Search results for "Metas"

showing 10 items of 1693 documents

TRANSIENT DYNAMICS AND ASYMPTOTIC POPULATIONS IN A DRIVEN METASTABLE QUANTUM SYSTEM

2013

The transient dynamics of a periodically driven metastable quantum system, interacting with a heat bath, is investigated. The time evolution of the populations, within the framework of the Feynman–Vernon influ- ence functional and in the discrete variable representation, is analyzed by varying the parameters of the external driving. The results display strong non-monotonic behaviour of the populations with respect to the driving frequency.

PhysicsFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionDynamics (mechanics)quantum statistical methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyRELAXATIONDecoherenceSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaNOISEQuantum systems with finite Hilbert spaceClassical mechanicsRELAXATION; NOISEMetastabilityQuantum systemTransient (oscillation)open system
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General Relativistic Simulations of the Collapsar Scenario

2013

We are exploring the viability of the collapsar model for long-soft gamma-ray bursts. For this we perform state-of-the-art general relativistic hydrodynamic simulations in a dynamically evolving space-time with the CoCoNuT code. We start from massive low metallicity stellar models evolved up to core gravitational instability, and then follow the subsequent evolution until the system collapses forming a compact remnant. A preliminary study of the collapse outcome is performed by varying the typical parameters of the scenario, such as the initial stellar mass, metallicity, and rotational profile of the stellar progenitor. 1D models (without rotation) have been used to test our newly developed…

PhysicsGravitational instabilityStellar mass010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMetallicityAstronomyAstrophysics01 natural sciencesSupernovaNeutron starApparent horizonMetastability0103 physical sciencesNeutrino010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsProgress in Mathematical Relativity. Proc. of Spanish Relativity Meeting 2012. Springer Verlag.
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Isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in the $\mathsf{ 3d ^2D_J \rightarrow 4p ^2P_J}$ transitions in calcium II

1998

The isotope shift and hyperfine structure in the three \(\) - transitions in Ca II have been studied by fast ion beam collinear laser spectroscopy for all stable Ca isotopes. The metastable 3d states were populated within the surface ionization source of a mass separator with a probability of about 0.1%. After resonant excitation to the 4p levels with diode laser light around 850 nm the uv photons from the \(\) transitions to the ground state were used for detection. Hyperfine structure parameters A and B for the odd isotope 43Ca, as evaluated from the splittings observed, agree well with theoretical predictions from relativistic many-body perturbation theory. Field shift constants \(\) and…

PhysicsIsotopeMetastabilityThermal ionizationPhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectronic structureAtomic physicsSpectroscopyGround stateHyperfine structureAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExcitationThe European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Effects of Lévy noise on the dynamics of sine-Gordon solitons in long Josephson junctions

2015

We numerically investigate the generation of solitons in current-biased long Josephson junctions in relation to the superconducting lifetime and the voltage drop across the device. The dynamics of the junction is modelled with a sine-Gordon equation driven by an oscillating field and subject to an external non-Gaussian noise. A wide range of $\alpha$-stable L\'evy distributions is considered as noise source, with varying stability index $\alpha$ and asymmetry parameter $\beta$. In junctions longer than a critical length, the mean switching time (MST) from superconductive to the resistive state assumes a values independent of the device length. Here, we demonstrate that such a value is direc…

PhysicsJosephson effectStatistics and ProbabilityCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityDynamics (mechanics)large deviations in non-equilibrium systemsLarge deviations in non-equilibrium systems; mesoscopic systems (theory); metastable states; stochastic processes (theory); Statistics and Probability; Statistical and Nonlinear Physics; Statistics Probability and UncertaintyStatistical and Nonlinear Physicsstochastic processes (theory)metastable state01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasLevy noiseQuantum mechanicsLarge deviations in non-equilibrium systemmesoscopic systems (theory)Condensed Matter::Superconductivitymetastable states0103 physical scienceslarge deviations in non-equilibrium systems; mesoscopic systems (theory); metastable states; stochastic processes (theory)SineStatistics Probability and Uncertainty010306 general physicsStatistical and Nonlinear Physic
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Light-Induced Excited Spin State Trapping in Iron(II) Complexes

1987

In the course of our studies on the thermally induced high spin (HS) ↔ low spin (LS) transition in iron(II) complexes /1/, \({\!^5{\text{T}}_2}_{\text{g}}\) ↔ \({\!^1{\text{A}}_1}_{\text{g}}\) in the approximation of Oh symmetry, we have observed in 1984 a new photophysical effect /2/: If, at sufficiently low temperature, the solid spin crossover complex is irradiated with green light into the \({\!^1{\text{A}}_1}\)→ \({\!^1{\text{T}}_1}\) ligand field absorption band, the thermodynamically stable LS state can be converted to the metastable HS state and trapped with practically infinite lifetime. We have called this unusual phenomenon “Light-Induced Excited Spin State Trapping (LIESST)”.

PhysicsLigand field theoryCrystallographySpin statesSpin crossoverAbsorption bandExcited stateMetastabilitySpin (physics)LIESST
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Stabilizing and increasing the magnetic moment of half-metals: The role of Li in half-HeuslerLiMnZ(Z=N,P,Si)

2015

Due to their similarities to metastable zinc-blende half-metals, we systematically examined the half-Heusler compounds $\ensuremath{\beta}\text{-LiMn}Z$ ($Z=\text{N},\text{P}$ and Si) for their electronic, magnetic, and stability properties at optimized lattice constants and strained lattice constants that exhibit half-metallic properties. We also report the other phases of the half-Heusler structure ($\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ phases), but they are unlikely to be grown. The magnetic moments of these stable Li-based compounds are expected to reach as high as $4{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ per unit cell when $Z=\text{Si}$ and $5{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ per un…

PhysicsMagnetic momentCondensed matter physics02 engineering and technologyMagnetic semiconductorType (model theory)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsLattice constantMetastability0103 physical sciencesAntiferromagnetism010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyPnictogenSpin-½Physical Review B
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Noise Enhanced Stability in an Unstable System

1996

We experimentally detect noise enhanced stability in an unstable physical system. The average escape time from a metastable, periodically driven, system is measured in the stable and unstable regimes in a noisy environment. In the unstable regime, we measure that the average escape time has a maximum for a finite value of the noise intensity. The scaling properties of the average escape time and of the variance of escape times are compared with the predictions obtained for a system in a marginal state.

PhysicsMetastabilityPhysical systemGeneral Physics and AstronomyNoise intensityMechanicsMeasure (mathematics)Stability (probability)ScalingNoise (radio)Physical Review Letters
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Stability chart of small mixed4He−3Heclusters

2003

A stability chart of mixed ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ and ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}$ clusters has been obtained by means of the diffusion Monte Carlo method, using both the Aziz HFD-B and the Tang-Toennies-Yiu atom-atom interaction. The investigated clusters contain up to eight ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ atoms and up to 20 ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}$ atoms. One single ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ binds 20 ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}$ atoms, and two ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ bind 1, 2, 8, and more than 14 ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}$ atoms. All clusters with three or more ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ atoms are bound, although the combinations ${}^{4}{\mathrm{He}}_{3}^{3}{\mathrm{He}}_{9,10,11}$ and ${}^{4}{\mathrm{He}}_{4}^{3}{\mathrm{He}}_{9}$ are metastable. …

PhysicsMetastabilityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersDiffusion Monte CarloPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysical Review A
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Lifetime of the 4D 3/2 and 4D 5/2 metastable states in Sr II

1987

Sr+ ions were confined in a r.f. quadrupole trap for times of the order of 30 min. The metastable 4D states were populated via laser excitation of the 5P states. The weak quadrupole transition rate into the 5S 1/2 ground state at 674 and 687 nm was deduced from observation of the exponential decay. At background pressures above 10−7 mbar the radiative decay is dominated by collisional quenching. Extrapolation of the observed decay rate to zero background pressure yields the radiative lifetimes. At pressures around 10−6 mbar fine structure mixing collisions between the 4D states have been observed, which lead to corrections of the extrapolated lifetimes. As the final result we obtain 395±38 …

PhysicsMetastabilityQuadrupoleRadiative transferAtomic physicsExponential decayTransition rate matrixGround stateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExcitationIonZeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters
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Perspective of Quantum Medicine

2006

PhysicsMetastabilityQuantum mechanicsPerspective (graphical)Spontaneous emissionQuantum
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