Search results for "Metas"
showing 10 items of 1693 documents
Progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint of overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
2018
Giuseppe Cicero,1 Rossella De Luca,1 Francesco Dieli2 1Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 2Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Background: In many clinical trials designed to assess the efficacy of anticancer treatments, overall survival (OS) is often used as a primary endpoint despite its several points of weakness. Methods: This study evaluated the role of progression-free survival (PFS) in the first three lines of treatment as a potential surrogate endpoint of OS in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC). One hu…
Two-Week Aflibercept or Erlotinib Administration Does Not Induce Changes in Intestinal Morphology in Male Sprague–Dawley Rats But Aflibercept Affects…
2019
Gastrointestinal toxicity is a frequently observed adverse event during cancer treatment with traditional chemotherapeutics. Currently, traditional chemotherapeutics are often combined with targeted biologic agents. These biologics, however, possess a distinct toxicity profile, and they may also exacerbate the adverse effects of traditional chemotherapeutics. In this study, we aimed to characterize the gastrointestinal and metabolic changes after a 2-week treatment period with aflibercept, an antiangiogenic VEGFR decoy, and with erlotinib, a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor. Male rats were treated either with aflibercept or erlotinib for 2 weeks. During the 2-week treatment period, the animals in …
PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in pulmonary carcinoid tumors and their association to tumor spread
2019
Pulmonary carcinoid (PC) tumors are rare tumors that account for approximately 1% of all lung cancers. The primary treatment option is surgery, while there is no standard treatment for metastatic disease. As the number of PCs diagnosed yearly is increasing, there is a need to establish novel therapeutic options. This study aimed to investigate programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in PC tumors since blocking of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a promising therapeutic option in various other malignancies. A total of 168 PC patients treated between 1990 and 2013 were collected from the Finnish biobanks. After re-evaluation of the tumors, 131 (78%) were cl…
Vascular patterns provide therapeutic targets in aggressive neuroblastic tumors
2016
// Irene Tadeo 1 , Gloria Bueno 2 , Ana P. Berbegall 1 , M. Milagro Fernandez-Carrobles 2 , Victoria Castel 3 , Marcial Garcia-Rojo 4 , Samuel Navarro 1 , Rosa Noguera 1 1 Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain 2 VISILAB, E.T.S. Ingenieros Industriales, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain 3 Pediatric Oncology Unit, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain 4 Department of Pathology, Hospital de Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez de la Frontera, Cadiz, Spain Correspondence to: Rosa Noguera Salva, e-mail: rnoguera@uv.es Keywords: extracellular matrix, blood vessels, capillaries, sinusoids, neuro…
Pivotal roles of glycogen synthase-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma
2017
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, and represents the second most frequently cancer and third most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. At advanced stage, HCC is a highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis and with very limited response to common therapies. Therefore, there is still the need for new effective and well-tolerated therapeutic strategies. Molecular-targeted therapies hold promise for HCC treatment. One promising molecular target is the multifunctional serine/threonine kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3). The roles of GSK-3β in HCC remain controversial, several studies suggested a possible role of GSK-3β as a tumor …
Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts reflect the microenvironmental hallmarks of aggressive patient tumours.
2016
AbstractTreatment of high-risk childhood neuroblastoma is a clinical challenge which has been hampered by a lack of reliable neuroblastoma mouse models for preclinical drug testing. We have previously established invasive and metastasising patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDXs) from high-risk neuroblastomas that retained the genotypes and phenotypes of patient tumours. Given the important role of the tumour microenvironment in tumour progression, metastasis, and treatment responses, here we analysed the tumour microenvironment of five neuroblastoma PDXs in detail. The PDXs resembled their parent tumours and retained important stromal hallmarks of aggressive lesions including rich bloo…
Adrenal Gland and Gastric Malignant Melanoma without Evidence of Skin Lesion Treated with the Oncolytic Virus Rigvir
2020
Adrenal gland melanoma is an extremely rare diagnosis with less than 20 cases reported. The criteria for diagnosing adrenal gland melanoma include involvement of only one adrenal gland, presence of melanin pigment in the histological examination of the tumor tissue, no primary melanoma tumor in any other organ, and no history of resection of pigmented lesions. However, it is complicated to rule out melanoma of unknown primary origin. Here we report a female patient who at the age of 75 years was admitted to hospital due to suspicion of adrenal and gastric tumor. The largest tumor was found in the adrenal gland, thus leading to the diagnosis of primary adrenal gland melanoma presenting metas…
Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma With Enteric Differentiation: Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology
2018
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with enteric differentiation (PAED) is a rare subtype of lung adenocarcinoma recently recognized in the WHO classification. It is defined as an adenocarcinoma in which the enteric component exceeds 50% and have to show the expression of at least 1 immunohistochemical marker of enteric differentiation. Although the definition of this tumor type is very important, above all in the differential diagnosis between a primary lung tumor and a metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, this cancer still lacks a distinctive immunohistochemical and molecular signature. We recruited the largest series in the literature of PAEDs according to the morphology and the positivity for …
MiR-675-5p supports hypoxia induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colon cancer cells
2017
// Viviana Costa 1, * , Alessia Lo Dico 2, * , Aroldo Rizzo 3 , Francesca Rajata 3 , Marco Tripodi 4, 5 , Riccardo Alessandro 6, 7, * , Alice Conigliaro 4, * 1 Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Palermo, Italy 2 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy 3 Unita Operativa di Anatomia Patologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti “Villa Sofia-Cervello”, Palermo, Italy 4 Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy 5 National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy 6 Dipartimen…
Modulating tumor hypoxia by nanomedicine for effective cancer therapy
2016
Hypoxia, a characteristic feature of tumors, is indispensable to tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and multi drug resistance. Hypoxic avascular regions, deeply embedded inside the tumors significantly hinder delivery of therapeutic agents. The low oxygen tension results in resistance to the current applied anti-cancer therapeutics including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and photodynamic therapy, the efficacy of which is firmly tied to the level of tumor oxygen supply. However, emerging data indicate that nanocarriers/nanodrugs can offer substantial benefits to improve the efficacy of current therapeutics, through modulation of tumor hypoxia. This review aims to introduce the most recent advance…