Search results for "Method"
showing 10 items of 13253 documents
Analgosedierung bei neurochirurgischen Intensivpatienten
1990
Different concepts for analgosedation of neurosurgical patients are recommended during postoperative ventilation. In 30 neurosurgical patients (2 groups of 15 patients), we studied a continuous i.v. application of alfentanil (Rapifen) and midazolam (Dormicum) compared to an application of continuously given alfentanil with discontinuously given midazolam. A good analgosedation (i.e. sufficient sedation with good neurological judgement) was more frequently achieved (8/15 patients) by continuous application of both substances (alfentanil 0.023 mg/kg b.w./h, midazolam 0.10 mg/kg b.w./h), compared to discontinuous application of midazolam (4.5/15 patients; alfentanil 0.028 mg/kg b.w./h, midazol…
Biomechanical evaluation of a new treatment method for distal tibia fractures
2015
Distal tibial fractures are often the result of high-energy impacts combined with excessive soft tissue injury. Treatment options include either open reduction and internal fixation usually as a mi...
SU-G-201-02: Application of RayStretch in Clinical Cases: A Calculation for Heterogeneity Corrections in LDR Permanent I-125 Prostate Brachytherapy
2016
Purpose: Tissue heterogeneities and calcifications have significant impact on the dosimetry of low energy brachytherapy (BT). RayStretch is an analytical algorithm developed in our institution to incorporate heterogeneity corrections in LDR prostate brachytherapy. The aim of this work is to study its application in clinical cases by comparing its predictions with the results obtained with TG-43 and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Methods: A clinical implant (71 I-125 seeds, 15 needles) from a real patient was considered. On this patient, different volumes with calcifications were considered. Its properties were evaluated in three ways by i) the Treatment planning system (TPS) (TG-43), ii) a M…
Towards clinical application of RayStretch for heterogeneity corrections in LDR permanent 125-I prostate brachytherapy
2017
Purpose RayStretch is a simple algorithm proposed for heterogeneity corrections in low-dose–rate brachytherapy. It is built on top of TG-43 consensus data, and it has been validated with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. In this study, we take a real clinical prostate implant with 71 125I seeds as reference and we apply RayStretch to analyze its performance in worst-case scenarios. Methods and Materials To do so, we design two cases where large calcifications are located in the prostate lobules. RayStretch resilience under various calcification density values is also explored. Comparisons against MC calculations are performed. Results Dose–volume histogram–related parameters like prostate D90, …
Snapshot Spectral Imaging
2018
This chapter describes an application of the spline-based wavelet frames to the spectral imaging. It presents a method that enables to convert a regular digital camera into a snapshot spectral imager by equipping the camera with a dispersive diffuser and with a compressed sensing-based algorithm for digital processing. The method relies on the assumption that typical images can be sparsely represented in the frame domain. The solution is found from the constrained \(l_{1}\) minimization of a functional by Bregman iterations. Results of optical experiments are reported. The chapter is based on the paper (Golub et al., Appl. Opt. 55, 432–443, (2016), [11]).
Fit-for-Discharge Criteria after Esophagectomy: An International Expert Delphi Consensus
2021
Summary There are no internationally recognized criteria available to determine preparedness for hospital discharge after esophagectomy. This study aims to achieve international consensus using Delphi methodology. The expert panel consisted of 40 esophageal surgeons spanning 16 countries and 4 continents. During a 3-round, web-based Delphi process, experts voted for discharge criteria using 5-point Likert scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Consensus was reached if agreement was ≥75% in round 3. Consensus was achieved for the following basic criteria: nutritional requirements are met by oral intake of at least liquids with optional supplementary nutrition via jejunal fe…
Endocrine Disruptors and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Pregnancy: A Review and Evaluation of the Quality of the Epidemiological Evidence
2018
Exposure to environmental contaminants during pregnancy has been linked to adverse health outcomes later in life. Notable among these pollutants are the endocrine disruptors chemicals (EDCs), which are ubiquitously present in the environment and they have been measured and quantified in the fetus. In this systematic review, our objective was to summarize the epidemiological research on the potential association between prenatal exposure to EDCs and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) published from 2005 to 2016. The Navigation Guide Systematic Review Methodology was applied. A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review, including: five cohorts and 12 case-control. According t…
La teoría del cambio: una herramienta para la planificación y la evaluación participativa en salud comunitaria
2020
Resumen: Existe un creciente interés por encontrar respuestas innovadoras para evaluar intervenciones complejas en salud pública. En esta nota metodológica, se presenta la teoría del cambio como una herramienta útil para facilitar tanto la planificación como la evaluación de intervenciones en promoción de la salud comunitaria. Una teoría del cambio es una representación visual de cómo funciona un programa o una intervención, en la que se identifican sus diferentes componentes y cómo cada elemento se vincula con otro: cuáles son sus objetivos, los resultados esperados y a través de qué acciones se pretenden alcanzar. Es una herramienta de investigación aplicada a la práctica que se desarroll…
Evaluating the statistical methodology of randomized trials on dentin hypersensitivity management
2017
The present study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and quality of statistical methodology used in clinical studies on dentin hypersensitivity management. An electronic search was performed for data published from 2009 to 2014 by using PubMed, Ovid/MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases. The primary search terms were used in combination. Eligibility criteria included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of desensitizing agents in terms of reducing dentin hypersensitivity. A total of 40 studies were considered eligible for assessment of quality statistical methodology. The four main concerns identified were i) use of nonparametric tests in the presence of large samples…
Ethics Literacy and "Ethics University": Two Intertwined Models for Public Involvement and Empowerment in Bioethics.
2016
Background Informing lay citizens about complex health-related issues and their related ethical, legal, and social aspects (ELSA) is one important component of democratic health care/research governance. Public information activities may be especially valuable when they are used in multi-staged processes that also include elements of information and deliberation. Objectives This paper presents a new model for a public involvement activity on ELSA (Ethics University) and evaluation data for a pilot event. Methods The Ethics University is structurally based on the “patient university,” an already established institution in some German medical schools, and the newly developed concept of “ethic…