Search results for "Method"

Improved inter-observer agreement of an expert review panel in an oncology treatment trial--Insights from a structured interventional process.

2015

Abstract Purpose Oncologic imaging is a key for successful cancer treatment. While the quality assurance (QA) of image acquisition protocols has already been focussed, QA of reading and reporting offers still room for improvement. The latter was addressed in the context of a prospective multicentre trial on fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG)–positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT-based chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and methods An expert panel was prospectively installed performing blinded reviews of mediastinal NSCLC involvement in FDG–PET/CT. Due to a high initial reporting inter-observer disagreement, the independent data monitoring committee (I…

The effect of overall treatment time in radiotherapy for localized prostate carcinoma

1991

Educational needs in gastrointestinal cancer: a consensus position paper from the ESMO Gastrointestinal Cancer Faculty

2019

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are common in all parts of the world. Effective prevention and early detection of GI cancers are not universally implemented. Therefore, it must be anticipated that the incidence and the mortality of GI cancers will remain high within the next decades. The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Gastrointestinal Cancer Faculty aims to increase the skills of medical oncologists and other disciplines involved in treating GI malignancies. We aimed to increase the survival chances for patients with GI cancers, augment their quality of life and enable successful return to normal social and professional life during the period of survivorship. ESMO also aims to d…

Fuzzy subgroup mining for gene associations

2004

When studying the therapeutic efficacy of potential new drugs, it would be much more efficient to use predictors in order to assess their toxicity before going into clinical trials. One promising line of research has focused on the discovery of sets of candidate gene profiles to be used as toxicity indicators in future drug development. In particular genomic microarrays may be used to analyze the causality relationship between the administration of the drugs and the so-called gene expression, a parameter typically used by biologists to measure its influence at gene level. This kind of experiments involves a high throughput analysis of noisy and particularly unreliable data, which makes the …

Monte Carlo Simulation of Alloy Phase Diagrams and Short-Range Order

1986

As a prototype model for order-disorder phenomena in binary alloys, a face-centered cubic lattice is considered,the sites of which can be taken by either A-atoms or B-atoms, assuming pair-wise interactions between nearest (J) and next nearest neighbours (J). The phase diagram is constructed from Monte Carlo calculations. Some technical aspects essential for the success of such calculations are briefly mentioned (use of grand-canonical rather than canonical ensemble, how to obtain the free energy needed to locate first-order phase transitions, etc.). It is shown that the topology of the phase diagram changes when the ratio R = Jnnn/Jnn is varied, and this behaviour is discussed in the contex…

Replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulation for supercooled liquids

2000

We investigate to what extend the replica-exchange Monte Carlo method is able to equilibrate a simple liquid in its supercooled state. We find that this method does indeed allow to generate accurately the canonical distribution function even at low temperatures and that its efficiency is about 10-100 times higher than the usual canonical molecular dynamics simulation.

Classical and Quantum Two-Dimensional Fluids in the Gibbs Ensemble

1994

We study the properties of model fluids in two spatial dimensions with Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo (GEMC) techniques. In particular in the first part of the paper we study the entropy driven phase separation in case of a nonadditive symmetric hard disc fluid and locate by a combination of GEMC with finite size scaling techniques the critical line of nonadditivities as a function of the system density, which separates the mixing/demixing regions, we compare with a simple approximation. In the second part we successfully combine path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) and GEMC techniques in order to locate the gas-liquid coexistence densities for a fluid with classical degrees of freedom and internal…

Anomalous size-dependence of interfacial profiles between coexisting phases of polymer mixtures in thin-film geometry: A Monte Carlo simulation

1997

The interfacial profile between coexisting phases of a binary mixture (A,B) in a thin film of thickness D and lateral linear dimensions L depends sensitively on both linear dimensions and on the nature of boundary conditions and statistical ensembles applied. These phenomena generic for systems in confined geometry are demonstrated by Monte-Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model of symmetric polymer mixtures. Both the canonical and semi-grand-canonical ensemble are studied. In the canonical ensemble, the interfacial width w increases (from small values which are of the same order as the intrinsic profile) like sqrt{D}, before a crossover to a saturation value w_max (w_max^2 proport…

Unmanned aerial system imagery and photogrammetric canopy height data in area-based estimation of forest variables

2015

In this paper we examine the feasibility of data from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne aerial imagery in stand-level forest inventory. As airborne sensor platforms, UAVs offer advantages cost and flexibility over traditional manned aircraft in forest remote sensing applications in small areas, but they lack range and endurance in larger areas. On the other hand, advances in the processing of digital stereo photography make it possible to produce three-dimensional (3D) forest canopy data on the basis of images acquired using simple lightweight digital camera sensors. In this study, an aerial image orthomosaic and 3D photogrammetric canopy height data were derived from the images acquired …

Comparison of Crop Trait Retrieval Strategies Using UAV-Based VNIR Hyperspectral Imaging.

2021

Hyperspectral cameras onboard unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently emerged for monitoring crop traits at the sub-field scale. Different physical, statistical, and hybrid methods for crop trait retrieval have been developed. However, spectra collected from UAVs can be confounded by various issues, including illumination variation throughout the crop growing season, the effect of which on the retrieval performance is not well understood at present. In this study, four retrieval methods are compared, in terms of retrieving the leaf area index (LAI), fractional vegetation cover (fCover), and canopy chlorophyll content (CCC) of potato plants over an agricultural field for six dates duri…