Search results for "Method"
showing 10 items of 13253 documents
Magnetic resonance chondro-crassometry (MR CCM): a method for accurate determination of articular cartilage thickness?
1996
A method for the assessment of articular cartilage thickness based on MRI is presented and its accuracy and reproducibility tested. Six specimens of human patellae were imaged, using a fat-suppressed FLASH 3D sequence, and sectioned with a high-precision band saw. The regional distribution of articular cartilage thickness was determined from the MR images and from the anatomical sections (intervals of 0.5 mm). With image analysis 50-90% of the image points were found to lie within exactly the same thickness interval in corresponding patterns, and less than 17% deviated more than 0.5 mm. More than 85% of all pixels were reproducible with MRI after new positioning of the joint. No influence o…
Acute effects on the human EEG after an external exposure to 200 ppm methanol
2001
Objectives: Even low concentrations of organic solvents may cause acute effects on the human central nervous system. The German MAK (threshold limit value) of methanol is 200 ppm. The aim of this study was to investigate whether acute exposure to 200 ppm methanol causes adverse effects, measured by EEG, and moreover, whether it is possible to differentiate between sedative and excitatory effects with this method. Methods: Twelve healthy subjects were exposed for 4 h to 200 ppm and to 20 ppm (control) in an exposure chamber in a cross-over design. The EEG was recorded before (reference) and at the end of each exposure with, the subject's eyes closed and opened and during a choice reaction te…
Central action of cinnarizine and flunarizine: A saccadic eye movement study
1994
The mechanism of action of flunarizine (FZ) and cinnarizine (CZ) on the CNS is not fully understood. Computer analysis of saccadic eye movements (SEM) provides a sensitive and objective method for evaluating drug effect on the function of specific brain structures. This study aimed to assess the effect of a single oral dose of FZ (20 mg) and CZ (150 mg) on CNS function by means of computer analysis of SEM. Ten healthy volunteers were studied according to a double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled design. Peak saccadic velocity (PSV), which is related to the function of a specific group of burst neurons located in the brain stem, was significantly reduced by FZ. No significant effect of …
Rectal Diclofenac administration for prevention of post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP) acute pancreatitis. Randomized prospec…
2019
Introduction. Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) is a relevant (1-4%) complication of biliopancreatic operative endoscopy. Rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (specifically, 100 mg of diclofenac) have shown promising prophylactic activity in PEP. The aim of our prospective study is to report whether prophylactic oral versus rectal suppository versus intramuscular diclofenac versus placebo are able to reduce the incidence and the severity of ERCP-induced pancreatitis.Materials and Methods. in this randomized, double-blinded, prospective study, 100 patients (49 male, 51 female), similar with regard to indication for ERCP, were enrolled between Janu…
From nurse-centered health counseling to empowermental health counseling.
2001
The main goals of this study were to examine aspects of the delivery and reception of advice and questions in interaction between nurses and patients and to describe linguistic features that constructed nurse-centered and empowermental health counseling. The research data, 38 health counseling sessions, were videotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed by using an adaptation of conversational analysis. During nurse-centered discussions, the nurses' advice did not correspond to the patients' need for information. These counseling sessions began with check-up questions about the patients' condition and continued with factual questions about their illnesses and health care measures. During e…
Nurses' self-reflection via videotaping to improve communication skills in health counseling.
1999
Abstract The purpose of this qualitative research was to describe nurses' opinions of their communication skills in health counseling situations and to analyze the levels of reflectivity in their evaluations according to Mezirow. Nineteen nurses participated in the research on a voluntary basis and evaluated their interaction with patients on video on two occasions half a year apart. Nurses gave verbal feedback in an interview immediately after videotaping, after which they read education materials, watched their counseling on video and wrote an evaluation of their communication skills. Transcribed audiotaped interviews and written evaluations were analyzed using content analysis. Nurses sa…
Lifestyle intervention to limit gestational weight gain: the Norwegian Fit for Delivery randomised controlled trial
2015
Objective To examine whether a lifestyle intervention in pregnancy limits gestational weight gain (GWG) and provides measurable health benefits for mother and newborn. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting Healthcare clinics of southern Norway. Population Healthy, non-diabetic, nulliparous women, aged ≥18 years, with a body mass index of ≥19 kg/m2 , and with a singleton pregnancy at ≤20 weeks of gestation. Methods Women were randomised to an intervention group (with dietary counselling twice by telephone and access to twice-weekly exercise groups) or to a control group (with standard prenatal care). Participants were measured three times during pregnancy and at delivery, and newborns …
The social consequences of binge drinking among 24- to 32-year-olds in six European countries.
2010
Udgivelsesdato: 2010-Mar Data were available from general population surveys carried out in six countries in the years 2000 to 2005 under the auspices of Gender, Alcohol and Culture: An International Study (GENACIS). A total of 2089 adults aged 24-32 in the Czech Republic, Denmark, the Isle of Man, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom (UK) responded to questions about their drinking habits and social consequences directly resulting from their drinking. Survey methods varied from quota sampling with face-to-face interviewing in Spain and the UK to telephone surveys in Denmark and Sweden. Response rates varied from 50% to 72%. "Binge drinking" defined as a usual amount of more than 8 UK "uni…
Is the General Self-Efficacy Scale a Reliable Measure to be used in Cross-Cultural Studies? Results from Brazil, Germany and Colombia.
2016
AbstractThis study evaluated cross-cultural measurement invariance for the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES) in a large Brazilian (N = 2.394) and representative German (N = 2.046) and Colombian (N = 1.500) samples. Initially, multiple-indicators multiple-causes (MIMIC) analyses showed that sex and age were biasing items responses on the total sample (2 and 10 items, respectively). After controlling for these two covariates, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) was employed. Configural invariance was attested. However, metric invariance was not supported for five items, in a total of 10, and scalar invariance was not supported for all items. We also evaluated the differences be…
The psychometric structure of the Spanish language version of the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure in Spain and Chile
2020
Abstract The present study investigated the structure of the Spanish version of the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM-E), an 11-item measure that assesses individual differences in social comparison orientation (SCO), i.e., the extent to which people compare themselves with others. Data came from samples from Spain (n = 1,133) and Chile (n = 2,757). Confirmatory Factor Analyses and Mokken Scale Analyses supported in both samples not the assumed two-factor structure, but a single factor structure, consisting of eight items. The resulting eight-item version of the INCOM-E was reliable in both samples, according the Gutmann’s lambda–2 (.82 in Spain and .83 in Chile), and c…