Search results for "Micro"

Prevention of TNBS-induced colitis by probiotic supplement in mice

2014

Economic Globalization: From Microeconomic Foundation to National Determinants

2015

Abstract For many years, globalization was at the main source of economic growth for the world economy. During and after the 2009 crisis many questions about the positive effects of globalization have arisen. In this paper we argue there are two dimensions of economic globalization, micro and macro, and the perspectives of globalization is more related to the microeconomic determinants. Looking to the definitions and measures of globalization we conclude that for most of the countries the macro dimensions are important and many of them irreversible and not questionable in these days – barriers of trade, political integration, etc., but the microeconomic behavior of individuals and companies…

The importance of social networks in the Norwegian firewood industry

2013

Accepted version of an article from journal of Biomass and Bioenergy This study examines the relationship between social network size, innovation and firm performance among firewood producers in Norway. Moreover, it investigates how this relationship is affected both by the structure and variations in networks and by firm size and age. A questionnaire-based survey was sent to managers of firms (including one-person firms) in the firewood industry in Norway. A total of 645 usable replies were received, and the theoretical model was tested using structural equation modeling. The findings show that social network size has a positive effect on firm performance via innovation by firewood produce…

An Iranian booklet: non destructive examination by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffractometry and Micro-Raman Spectroscopy

2009

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffractometry was used in combination with micro-Raman Spectroscopy to study an undated illuminated Iranian booklet. In both cases, no preliminary preparation of the samples was needed: the data were acquired in a non-destructive way in a natural environment. The book is of particular interest because of the unusual presence of miniatures on some pages. The two techniques were used to collect data from small areas of the pages and in different regions of the miniature in order to identify inks and pigments and to attempt chronological assignment. Raman spectra were affected by strong background fluorescence. In spite of this, different peaks were detected and identi…

Evaluation de l'impact d'un futur remblai de la ligne à Grande Vitesse Est Européenne sur le risque de gel dans le vignoble de Champagne

2002

In order to evaluate for the vineyard, the additional risk of freezing, which could be generated by a railway embankment of the High Speed Line (TGV «Paris-Strasbourg») a canvas cover of the future embankment (length 480 m, height 3 m maxi) was drawn up in the bottom of a wineyard slope. Measurements of Actinothermal Index (AI) Temperatures, at the height of the bud (at 50 cm of the surface) and measurements of of cold air windslopes, were carried out on a microclimatic scale. We recorded 19 points of measurements, without then with the presence of the canvas cover, for the nights characterized by a radiative cooling (wind £ 2m.s-2, clear sky) during spring 2001. The possible incidence of t…

Regeneration of cellulose by water addition to phosphoric acid/cellulose mixture

2013

In the last years, phosphoric acid has been increasingly considered as a simple and economic solvent for cellulose pretreatment before its degradation to glucose. Cellulose swells in 71–80% phosphoric acid solutions, whereas at higher H3PO4 concentrations dissolution appears to occur. In addition, it is reported that regenerated cellulose is more easily fermentable to bioethanol. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism for cellulose regeneration following treatment with phosphoric acid at room temperature. CPMAS 13C NMR spectra revealed a downfield shift of the 13C NMR signals from the regenerated cellulose as compared to the crystalline one. CPMAS 31P NMR spectroscopy s…

Potentiel bioarchéologique de l’analyse des micro‐fossiles non‐polliniques : résultats préliminaires issus de deux opérations d’archéologie préventive

2019

International audience; Les micro‐fossiles non polliniques (MNP) constituent un vaste groupe de bioindicateurs (propagules ou forme de résistance, entre autres) issus de différents organismes (champignons, algues, plancton, bactérie, animaux, végétaux etc.). Si leur analyse est désormais fréquente dans les études palynologiques menées dans les milieux naturels (lacs ou zones humides), les MNP sont encore peu exploités en contexte archéologique. Leur potentiel bioarchéologique reste à évaluer mais l’enjeu est grand tant les informations qu’ils peuvent apporter sont nombreuses aussi bien sur le plan paléoenvironnemental que paléoécologique, géoarchéologique ou taphonomique. L’éventail de site…

Gestion des ressources naturelles dans le Pays de Tulle : impacts paysagers et histoire du châtaignier (Castanea sativa Mill.) de l'Antiquité à la Re…

2013

Este artículo presenta los resultados paleoambientales de los primeros análisis palinolójicos y sedimentológicos llevados a cabo en el area de Tulle (Mars, Gimel-les-Cascades, Corrèze, Francia). Se basan en la comparación de distintos indicadores bióticos (polen, microfósiles no polínicos) y sedimentarios y en la realización de 9 dataciones radiocarbónicas. Esta investigación establece datos inéditos sobre las dinámicas paisajísticas desde la Antigüedad y sus factores de control tanto climáticos como antrópicos. También analiza de que manera estos cambios paisajísticos pueden significar el desarrollo de sistemas de uso diversificados de los recursos vegetales como el cultivo del castaño (Ca…

Assessment of the production costs curve in micro-grids: a comparative analysis

2012

In micro-grids, due to their small scale, there is commonly only one power supplier. A competitive wholesale market hardly exists so the question about how to consider market issues for small producers within micro-grids arises. On the other hand, the specific features of micro-grids where load and generated power hardly find a balance, require that customers take part to regulation issues, maybe using demand response programs. In this paper, price responsive policies and its programs are discussed to answer this question. A case study of a micro-grid with one microturbine and two photovoltaic generators in Italy is analyzed to assess the overall production cost in order to build a price re…

Applicability of a displaced-beam laser scintillometer in a sparse tall Mediterranean vegetation

2009

Recent studies showed that the sensible heat flux (H) measured with an array of eddy-correlation system has an high spatial and temporal variability over sparse tall vegetation, such as olive trees, whereas H determined with a displaced-beam laser scintillometer (DBLS) appeared to behave more stable. In this study, the results are shown of two field experiments performed over an olive tree plantation in Sicily in 2007 and 2008, in order to investigate the applicability of a DBSL in combination with remote sensing techniques for the actual evapotranspiration assessment. In 2007 the laser beams was closer to the top of the canopy than in 2008. Various aspects of the scintillation method will …