Search results for "MicroRNA"

Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharide Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation by Promoting Small Extracellular Vesicle Packaging of miR-433-3p

2021

Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) attenuates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but its role in regulating cross-talk between intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and macrophages against IBD is unclear. This study aimed to investigate DOP protective effects on the intestinal inflammatory response through regulation by miRNA in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Our results show that DOP interfered with the secretion of small extracellular vesicles (DIEs) by IEC, which reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators. Increased miR-433-3p expression in DIEs was identified as an important protector against intestinal inflammation. DOP regulated the loading of miR-433-3p by hnRNPA2B1 into t…

MicroRNA Profile in Response to Doxorubicin Treatment in Breast Cancer

2015

UNLABELLED Chemotherapy treatment is the standard in triple negative breast cancers, a cancer subgroup which lacks a specific target. The mechanisms leading to the response, as well as any markers that allow the differentiation between responder and non-responder groups prior to treatment are unknown. In parallel, miRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors and there is evidence of their involvement in promoting resistance to anticancer drugs. Therefore we hypothesized that changes in miRNA expression after doxorubicin treatment may also be relevant in treatment response. OBJECTIVE To study miRNAs that are differentially expressed in response to doxorubicin treatment. METHODS One lumin…

RIP-Chip analysis supports different roles for AGO2 and GW182 proteins in recruiting and processing microRNA targets.

2019

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules mediating the translational repression and degradation of target mRNAs in the cell. Mature miRNAs are used as a template by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to recognize the complementary mRNAs to be regulated. To discern further RISC functions, we analyzed the activities of two RISC proteins, AGO2 and GW182, in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Methods We performed three RIP-Chip experiments using either anti-AGO2 or anti-GW182 antibodies and compiled a data set made up of the miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of three samples for each experiment. Specifically, we analyzed the input sample, the immunoprecipita…

Circulating microRNA biomarkers for metastatic disease in neuroblastoma patients

2018

AbstractIn this study, the circulating miRNome from diagnostic neuroblastoma serum was assessed for identification of non-invasive biomarkers with potential in monitoring metastatic disease. After determining the circulating neuroblastoma miRNome, 743 miRNAs were screened in two independent cohorts of 131 and 54 patients. Evaluation of serum miRNA variance in a model testing for tumor stage, MYCN status, age at diagnosis and overall survival, revealed tumor stage as the most significant factor impacting miRNA abundance in neuroblastoma serum. Differential expression analysis between patients with metastatic and localized disease revealed 9 miRNAs strongly associated with metastatic stage 4 …

Circulating miRNA expression analysis reveals new potential biomarkers for human cutaneous melanoma staging.

2019

Alterations in Circulating miRNA Levels following Early-Stage Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Resection in Post-Menopausal Women

2014

INTRODUCTION: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit remarkable stability and may serve as biomarkers in several clinical cancer settings. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the levels of specific circulating miRNA following breast cancer surgery and evaluate whether these alterations were also observed in an independent data set.METHODS: Global miRNA analysis was performed on prospectively collected serum samples from 24 post-menopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive early-stage breast cancer before surgery and 3 weeks after tumor resection using global LNA-based quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).RESULTS: Numbers of specific miRNAs detected in the samples ranged fro…

PO-344 miR-302b as adjuvant therapeutic tool to improve chemotherapy efficacy in human triple negative breast cancer

2018

Introduction MiRNAs are a class of non-coding regulatory RNAs playing key roles in different biological processes including cancer. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15%–20% of all breast cancer cases, with the worst outcome of all subtypes. For TNBC, still lacking targeted therapies, the only therapeutic option is chemotherapy. MiRNAs can modulate chemotherapy response by affecting DNA repair, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and also tumour microenvironment. Macrophages constitute a major component of the immune microenvironment of cancer and pro-tumour M2 macrophages have been associated with response to chemotherapeutic treatments. Here, we investigated the potential of…

Assessing the impact of copy number variants on miRNA genes in autism by Monte Carlo simulation.

2014

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are childhood neurodevelopmental disorders with complex genetic origins. Previous studies have investigated the role of de novo Copy Number Variants (CNVs) and microRNAs as important but distinct etiological factors in ASD. We developed a novel computational procedure to assess the potential pathogenic role of microRNA genes overlapping de novo CNVs in ASD patients. Here we show that for chromosomes # 1, 2 and 22 the actual number of miRNA loci affected by de novo CNVs in patients was found significantly higher than that estimated by Monte Carlo simulation of random CNV events. Out of 24 miRNA genes over-represented in CNVs from these three chromosomes only …

The Potential Role of miRNAs in Cognitive Frailty.

2021

Frailty is an aging related condition, which has been defined as a state of enhanced vulnerability to stressors, leading to a limited capacity to meet homeostatic demands. Cognitive impairment is also frequent in older people, often accompanying frailty. Age is the main independent risk factor for both frailty and cognitive impairment, and compelling evidence suggests that similar age-associated mechanisms could underlie both clinical conditions. Accordingly, it has been suggested that frailty and cognitive impairment share common pathways, and some authors proposed “cognitive frailty” as a single complex phenotype. Nevertheless, so far, no clear common underlying pathways have been discove…

EFFECT OF miR-21, miR-182 AND let-7i ON TSP-1 EXPRESSION IN COLON CANCER CELL LINE

2010

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of different genes, including genes involved in cancer progression, angiogenesis and metastasis. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) has been shown to contrast angiogenesis in vivo. TSP-1 expression levels are inversely correlated with tumor vascularity and metastasis in colon cancer. Bio-informatic statistical analysis indicated that TSP-1 is hypothetical target of miR-21, miR-182, overexpressed in CRC, and let-7i which expression is down-regulated in this tumor. In this work we investigated whether TSP-1 expression could be regulated by miR-21, mir-182 and let-7i in HT29 colon cancer cell line. Methods: To investig…