Search results for "MicroRNAs"

The role of microRNAs in driving EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC cell lines

2016

Background: the inhibition of EGFR kinase activity by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, can result in improved response and prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC patients harboring sensitizing exon 19del and exon 21 L858R mutations. Unfortunately, almost all patients will develop resistance to EGFR-TKI, in particular T790M is the most frequent mutation. Nowadays, new methods are urgently needed for a rapid, cost-effective and non-invasive identification of biomarkers as a valuable tool for obtaining the genetic follow-up data during the course of the disease. Circulating microRNAs might represent a new precious biomarker for patients’ moni…

miRNA Signature and Dicer Requirement during Human Endometrial Stromal Decidualization In Vitro

2012

Decidualization is a morphological and biochemical transformation of endometrial stromal fibroblast into differentiated decidual cells, which is critical for embryo implantation and pregnancy establishment. The complex regulatory networks have been elucidated at both the transcriptome and the proteome levels, however very little is known about the post-transcriptional regulation of this process. miRNAs regulate multiple physiological pathways and their de-regulation is associated with human disorders including gynaecological conditions such as endometriosis and preeclampsia. In this study we profile the miRNAs expression throughout human endometrial stromal (hESCs) decidualization and analy…

Transcriptomic identification of miR-205 target genes potentially involved in metastasis and survival of cutaneous malignant melanoma

2020

AbstractCutaneous melanoma is an aggressive neoplasm and is responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths. Several miRNAs are involved in melanoma tumor progression. One of them is miR-205, the loss of which contributes to the development of melanoma metastasis. We evaluated whole-genome mRNA expression profiling associated with different miR-205 expression levels in melanoma cells. Differential expression analysis identified 243 differentially expressed transcripts including inositol polyphosphate 5′-phosphatase-like protein-1 (INPPL1) and BTB/POZ Domain-Containing Protein 3 (BTBD3). INPPL1 and BTBD3 were downregulated when melanoma cells expressed miR-205, indicating that these genes…

Recent advances in surface plasmon resonance biosensors for microRNAs detection

2020

miRNAs are a large family of non-coding RNAs which play important roles in translational and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and biological processes. Abnormal expression of miRNAs is related to the initiation and progression of different diseases which make them be promising candidates for early medical diagnostics. Thus, accurate detection of miRNAs has great significance for disorder diagnosis. Nevertheless, their intrinsic characteristics such as short sequence, low concentration and sequence homology challenge routine techniques. The detection assays need to be extremely sensitive and selective in small value of intricate RNA samples. Biosensor-based strategies have …

Focal DNA Copy Number Changes in Neuroblastoma Target MYCN Regulated Genes

2013

Neuroblastoma is an embryonic tumor arising from immature sympathetic nervous system cells. Recurrent genomic alterations include MYCN and ALK amplification as well as recurrent patterns of gains and losses of whole or large partial chromosome segments. A recent whole genome sequencing effort yielded no frequently recurring mutations in genes other than those affecting ALK. However, the study further stresses the importance of DNA copy number alterations in this disease, in particular for genes implicated in neuritogenesis. Here we provide additional evidence for the importance of focal DNA copy number gains and losses, which are predominantly observed in MYCN amplified tumors. A focal 5 kb…

Utilización de microRNAs como dianas terapéuticas en Distrofia Miotónica

2018

La distrofia miotónica tipo 1 (DM1) se debe a una expansión del triplete CTG en 3´UTR del gen DMPK, mientras que, la distrofia miotónica tipo 2 (DM2) se origina por la de la repetición CCTG en el intrón 1 del gen CNBP. Son dos enfermedades multisistémicas con manifestaciones patológicas en músculo esquelético (miotonia, degeneración y debilidad muscular), corazón (defectos en la conducción cardiaca) y sistema nervioso central. Los transcritos DMPK y CNBP mutantes se pliegan en horquillas que secuestran factores de splicing alternativo, principalmente Muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1; y su parálogo MBNL2). La falta de la proteínas MBNL origina problemas en el splicing de transcritos musculares y co…

A two miRNA classifier differentiates follicular thyroid carcinomas from follicular thyroid adenomas.

2015

The inherent diagnostic limitations of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA), especially in the "indeterminate" category, can be partially overcome by molecular analyses. We aimed at the identification of miRNAs that could be used to improve the discrimination of indeterminate FNAs. miRNA expression profiling was performed for 17 follicular carcinomas (FTCs) and 8 follicular adenomas (FAs). The microarray results underwent cross-comparison using three additional microarray data sets. Candidate miRNAs were validated by qPCR in an independent set of 32 FTCs and 46 FAs. Sixty-eight differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Thirteen miRNAs could be confirmed by cross comparison. A two-miR…

THE TUMOR CELL IDENTITY: A GATEWAY TO THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION

It is now well established that within a tumor mass there is a hierarchical organization, stemming from a cell subpopulation retaining the highest tumorigenic potential, referred as cancer stem cells (CSCs), responsible for tumor initiation and progression. Although recent advances in stem cell biology led to the acquisition of new view of thyroid carcinoma as a stem cell disease, the cellular origin of thyroid CSCs remains unknown. In Chapter 1 it is critically discussed the potential role of thyroid stem cells (TSCs) in light of the available information on the oncogenic role of genetic alterations underlying the thyroid carcinogenesis. Understanding the key events that regulate thyroid t…

Let-7d miRNA Shows Both Antioncogenic and Oncogenic Functions in Osteosarcoma-Derived 3AB-OS Cancer Stem Cells

2015

Osteosarcoma (OS), an aggressive highly invasive and metastatic bone-malignancy, shows therapy resistance and recurrence, two features that likely depend on cancer stem cells (CSCs), which hold both self-renewing and malignant potential. So, effective anticancer therapies against OS should specifically target and destroy CSCs. We previously found that the let-7d microRNA was downregulated in the 3AB-OS-CSCs, derived from the human OS-MG63 cells. Here, we aimed to assess whether let-7d modulation affected tumorigenic and stemness properties of these OS-CSCs. We found that let-7d-overexpression reduced cell proliferation by decreasing CCND2 and E2F2 cell-cycle-activators and increasing p21 an…

High-throughput sequencing of RNA silencing-associated small RNAs in olive (Olea europaea L.).

2011

14 páginas, 5 figuras, 3 tablas, S4 figuras, S2 tablas