Search results for "Microbio"
showing 10 items of 8741 documents
A protective role for interleukin 18 in interferon γ-mediated innate immunity to Cryptosporidium parvum that is independent of natural killer cells.
2012
Innate immunity against some intracellular parasitic protozoa involves interleukin 18 (IL-18)-mediated interferon γ (IFN-γ) production by natural killer (NK) cells, but the role of IL-18 in innate resistance to Cryptosporidium infection is unknown. Adult Rag2(-/-)γc(-/-) mice that lack NK cells, T cells, and B cells demonstrated resistance to Cryptosporidium parvum infection that was IFN-γ dependent. Treatment with anti-IL-18-neutralizing antibodies resulted in loss of resistance correlating with reduced intestinal IFN-γ expression. Intestinal mature IL-18 expression increased in vivo during infection and also in the intestinal epithelial cell line CMT-93 following combined IFN-γ treatment/…
Monophosphoryl lipid A coating of hydroxyethyl starch nanocapsules drastically increases uptake and maturation by dendritic cells while minimizing th…
2015
Enhancing delivery of antigens to dendritic cells (DCs) is essential for the induction of vigorous antigen-specific cellular immune responses. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the properties of hydroxyethyl starch nanocapsules (HES-NCs) functionalized with anti-CD40, anti-DEC205, interferon-γ (IFNγ) and/or monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) with respect to the overall uptake, the released cytokine profile, and the influence on phenotypic maturation of human monocyte-derived DCs using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. NC uptake by DCs was significantly enhanced by functionalizing NCs with anti-CD40 or MPLA. With respect to the cytokine profile and…
Hydrolytic enzyme activity of Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 and effects of the antagonistic bacterium on cell integrity of two soil-borne pathogenic fu…
2000
Paenibacillus sp. strain B2, isolated from the mycorrhizosphere of Sorghum bicolor and having an antagonistic activity towards soil-borne fungal pathogens, possessed extracellular cellulolytic, proteolytic, chitinolytic and pectinolytic enzyme activities. The eventual role of these lytic enzymes in cellular interactions between Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 and Phytophthora parasitica and Fusariumoxysporum was investigated by electron microscopy and molecular cytology. Electron microscopic observations showed that the presence of Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 resulted in disorganisation of cell walls and/or cell contents of P. parasitica and F. oxysporum. However, when P. parasitica was treated…
Bacteriophage Adherence to Mucus Mediates Preventive Protection against Pathogenic Bacteria
2019
The mucosal surfaces of animals are habitat for microbes, including viruses. Bacteriophages—viruses that infect bacteria—were shown to be able to bind to mucus. This may result in a symbiotic relationship in which phages find bacterial hosts to infect, protecting the mucus-producing animal from bacterial infections in the process. Here, we studied phage binding on mucus and the effect of mucin on phage-bacterium interactions. The significance of our research is in showing that phage adhesion to mucus results in preventive protection against bacterial infections, which will serve as basis for the development of prophylactic phage therapy approaches. Besides, we also reveal that exposure to m…
Genetic features of Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae and its Plasmids
2019
Klebsiella pneumoniae, a major cause of both hospital and community-acquired infections, is listed by the World Health Organization as a critical priority antibiotic- resistant bacterial pathogen. With the appearance of sequencing techniques such as Next-generation Sequencing (NGS), there is the possibility to obtain the whole genome of the bacteria, getting to know all antimicrobial resistance determinants. The purpose of this study has been to apply this new technology to clinical microbiology, in order to characterize the resistome present in carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae strains isolated in a tertiary hospital in Valencia, Spain. A total of 234 isolates were prepared for whole-genom…
Descubriendo nuevos antibióticos producidos por bacterias del suelo
2019
El abuso y/o uso inadecuado de antibióticos es actualmente un grave problema en nuestra sociedad que hace que los microorganismos adquieran resistencias frente a estos compuestos antimicrobianos. Estas resistencias son debidas a la presión de selección que ejercemos sobre los microorganismos, lo que dificulta el tratamiento de las enfermedades que causan algunos de ellos. Por lo tanto, se hace necesario la búsqueda de nuevos antibióticos mediante distintas estrategias, siendo una de ellas la relacionada con la participación ciudadana. El objetivo principal del presente proyecto, basado en una estrategia de Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS), se ha centrado en la realización de una propuesta educati…
Anthropometric indices, lipid profile, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels in metabolic endotoxemia: A case-control study in Calabar Metrop…
2020
Objectives: To determine the anthropometric indices, lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins (LBP), and lipid profile in patients with metabolic endotoxemia. Methods: The study comprised of 47 patients with metabolic endotoxemia (the metabolic endotoxemia group) and 43 controls (the control group). Patients in the metabolic endotoxemia group were categorized further into three subgroups including the normal weight group (n=8), the overweight group (n=12) and the obese group (n=27). Height, weight, waist, and hip circumference were measured, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. LBP was determined by ELISA and total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprot…
Analytical model for the long- distance tracer-transport in plants
2011
International audience; Recent investigations of long-distance transport in plants using non-invasive tracer techniques such as C radiolabeling monitored by positron emission tomography (PET) combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the need of dedicated methods to allow a quantitative data analysis and comparison of such experiments. A mechanistic compartmental tracer transport model is presented, defined by a linear system of partial differential equations (PDEs). This model simplifies the complexity of axial transport and lateral exchanges in the transport pathways of plants (e.g. the phloem) by simulating transport and reversible exchange within three compartments using j…
Understanding the microbial biogeography of ancient human dentitions to guide study design and interpretation
2022
©. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This document is the Published manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in FEMS Microbes. To access the final edited and published work see DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtac006 The oral cavity is a heterogeneous environment, varying in factors such as pH, oxygen levels, and salivary flow. These factors affect the microbial community composition and distribution of species in dental plaque, but it is not known how well these patterns are reflected in archaeological dental calculus. In most archaeological studies, a single sample of dental calculus is studied p…
Dinámica de la microbiota en niños, adolescentes y adultos
2022
La microbiota intestinal se implanta a lo largo del desarrollo del individuo y su composición y funciones difieren según la edad. Conocer los cambios que se producen en la microbiota intestinal a lo largo de la vida puede ayudar al diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención de enfermedades relacionadas con alteraciones metabólicas e inmunitarias. Con este trabajo pretendemos contribuir a la comprensión del proceso de desarrollo de la microbiota intestinal, centrándonos en dos períodos que han recibido poca atención: los primeros años y la adolescencia. Hemos determinado la composición y la función de la microbiota a través de enfoques metagenómicos de genoma completo y basados en ARN ribosómic…