Search results for "Microbio"

Scientific Opinion addressing the state of the science on risk assessment of plant protection products for in‐soil organisms

2017

Abstract Following a request from EFSA, the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues developed an opinion on the science behind the risk assessment of plant protection products for in‐soil organisms. The current risk assessment scheme is reviewed, taking into account new regulatory frameworks and scientific developments. Proposals are made for specific protection goals for in‐soil organisms being key drivers for relevant ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes such as nutrient cycling, soil structure, pest control and biodiversity. Considering the time‐scales and biological processes related to the dispersal of the majority of in‐soil organisms compared to terrestrial non…

Survie et/ou réactivation de microorganismes du sol sous hautes pressions gazeuses

2012

National audience; Le sol constitue une réserve considérable de microorganismes représentatifs de nombreuses communautés cellulaires. Les recherches reposent sur l’hypothèse qu’il existe, dans les échantillons de sol, des communautés microbiennes adaptées à des conditions physiques (pression, température) très différentes de celles rencontrées dans nos laboratoires : soit parce que les conditions de milieu ont changé (sol), soit parce que les conditions de prélèvement sont très différentes des conditions de culture (grands fonds marins). Dans cette optique, l’utilisation des hautes pressions gazeuses (200-1000 bars dans un premier temps) est envisagée afin d’essayer de réactiver des microor…

Listeria monocytogenes

2017

Prod 2017-266 équipe EA UB BIOME; National audience; résumé du livre : Pour garantir et maîtriser la sécurité microbiologique des aliments et prévenir les crises sanitaires alimentaires, la connaissance et la surveillance des microorganismes pathogènes depuis la production primaire jusqu’à la distribution des denrées alimentaires en passant par la transformation, sont indispensables. Cet ouvrage de référence traite des dangers microbiologiques alimentaires majeurs (microorganismes infectieux ou toxines d’origine microbienne) et des risques associés pour l’Homme. Illustré de nombreux schémas et tableaux de synthèse, il fait un point complet sur les notions fondamentales de microbiologie géné…

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in the liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica)

2004

PRIMER NOTE; International audience; Six microsatellite markers were isolated from Fasciola hepatica, a re-emerging parasite that causes important veterinary and public health problems. In a sample of 52 liver flukes from a region of hyperendemicity (Bolivian Altiplano), five microsatellite were polymorphic. Our results showed that liver flukes present important genetic variability, suggesting a preferential outcrossing reproduction mode for this hermaphroditic parasite.

Tuberculosis among Migrant Populations in Sicily: A Field Report

2021

Background. In the EU, tuberculosis (TB) mainly affects vulnerable people, including migrants. From 2014 to 2017, we have estimated the frequency of both tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among the migrant population hosted in 41 reception centers in western Sicily (ITaCA network). Materials and Methods. All migrants were consecutively recruited for the screening of TB infection with physical examination and TST in 1,020 migrants and with IGRA in the others 2,690. The screening was carried out 4–8 weeks after landing in Sicily. For all migrants with a positive screening test, chest X-ray and smear examination were performed. LTBI was defined by positivity of TST or IGRA …

Zespół przerostu bakteryjnego jelita cienkiego

2021

Zespół przerostu bakteryjnego jelita cienkiego (SIBO) jest heterogennym zespołem charakteryzującym się wzrostem liczby i/lub obecnością nietypowych bakterii w jelicie cienkim. Na złożoną etiologię SIBO składają się zaburzenia ochronnych mechanizmów przeciwbakteryjnych jak zmniejszona kwaśność soku żołądkowego, zewnątrzwydzielnicza niewydolność trzustki, zespoły niedoboru odporności oraz nieprawidłowości anatomiczne jak niedrożność jelita cienkiego, uchyłki, przetoki, hirurgiczna ślepa pętla, wcześniejsze resekcje krętniczo-kątnicze oraz zaburzenia ruchliwości. Objawy kliniczne SIBO mogą być niespecyficzne. Najczęściej występuje niestrawność, biegunka, wzdęcia, dyskomfort w jamie brzusznej. …

No evidence for associations between brood size, gut microbiome diversity and survival in great tit (Parus major) nestlings

2022

Abstract Background The gut microbiome forms at an early stage, yet data on the environmental factors influencing the development of wild avian microbiomes is limited. As the gut microbiome is a vital part of organismal health, it is important to understand how it may connect to host performance. The early studies with wild gut microbiome have shown that the rearing environment may be of importance in gut microbiome formation, yet the results vary across taxa, and the effects of specific environmental factors have not been characterized. Here, wild great tit (Parus major) broods were manipulated to either reduce or enlarge the original brood soon after hatching. We investigated if brood siz…

Le varianti A1 e A2 della ?-caseina non hanno un effetto significativo sul microbiota del latteThe A1 and A2 ?-casein variants have not impact on mil…

2020

Objective: Milk is composed by a complex microbiota which can be influenced by numerous factors such as the season, the diet, the type of litter, the facility. As well, the animal's genotype can affect the composition of the milk microbiota. In milk, ?-casein is characterized by a high-level of polymorphism. The aim of this study was to verify if A1 and A2 ?-casein variants could in- fluence the milk microbioma. Materials and methods: Thirty Holstein cows were genotyped for ?-casein locus and divided into three groups. In two different sea- sons, milk samples (individual and bulk tank for each experi- mental group) and mozzarella cheese were collected separately from each group. Bacterial D…

A model of microbiological monitoring for prevention of H.A.I. in a Burns Centre.

1995

Chemical-Based Methodologies to Extend the Shelf Life of Fresh Fish—A Review

2021

Due to its characteristics, fresh fish is a highly perishable food with a very short shelf-life under refrigeration. Several methods have been introduced to slow down its deterioration, such as by means of oxygen depletion of the food package (vacuum packaging), or by changing the natural atmosphere that is in contact with the fresh fish (modified atmosphere packaging), or by the use of chemicals generally recognized as safe: such compounds can be directly applied (by dipping or spraying) or incorporated into packaging materials and slowly migrate to the product, exerting a hurdle effect against microbial development and lipid oxidation (active packaging). This review aims to cover the most…