Search results for "Microflora"

First data on microflora of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nests from the coastlines of Sicily (Italy)

2020

ABSTRACT Caretta caretta is threatened by many dangers in the Mediterranean basin, but most are human-related. The purposes of this research were: (i) to investigate microflora in samples from six loggerhead sea turtle nests located on the Sicilian coast and (ii) to understand microbial diversity associated with nests, with particular attention to bacteria and fungi involved in failed hatchings. During the 2016 and 2018 summers, 456 eggs and seven dead hatchling from six nests were collected. We performed bacteriological and mycological analyses on 88 egg samples and seven dead hatchlings, allowing us to isolate: Fusarium spp. (80.6%), Aeromonas hydrophila (55.6%), Aspergillus spp. (27.2%) …

A widely used sampling device in colorectal cancer screening programmes allows for large-scale microbiome studies.

2018

We read with interest the article by Passamonti et al ,1 reporting the performance of two different faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) highlighting the importance of standardisation and validation of screening methodologies. Conventionally, laboratory-based FIT is the preferred approach in testing for occult blood in faeces, which includes colorectal cancer screening programmes.2–4 The potential of preserving stable faecal samples in a widely used FIT buffer for microbiome research would enable prospective microbiome studies in generally healthy subjects undergoing colorectal cancer screening. For this purpose, we evaluated faecal sample stability in the commonly used OC-Sensor (Eiken Chemi…

Changes in microflora in dental plaque from cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and the relationship of these changes with mucositis: a pilot stu…

2015

Background: To assess changes in oral microflora in dental plaque from cancer patients within 7 days of the first course of chemotherapy, and the relationship of the changes with mucositis. Material and Methods: Thirty cancer patients, divided into a test group undergoing chemotherapy and a control group no undergoing chemotherapy, were enrolled in this pilot study. Oral microflora were cultured from three samples of dental plaque at t0 (before chemotherapy), t1 (1 day after chemotherapy) and t2 (7 days after chemotherapy). Single and crossed descriptive analyses were used to establish prevalence, and the χ 2 test was used to establish the statistical significance of the differences observe…

Immunosenescence and anti-immunosenescence therapies: the case of probiotics.

2008

ABSTRACT Aging is a complex process that negatively impacts the development of the immune system and its ability to function. Progressive changes in the T and B cell systems over the life span have a major impact on the capacity to respond to immune challenge. These cumulative age-associated changes in immune competence are termed immunosenescence. This process is mostly characterized by: (1) shrinkage of the T cell repertoire and accumulation of oligoclonal expansions of memory/effector cells directed toward ubiquitary infectious agents; (2) involution of the thymus and the exhaustion of naive T cells; and (3) chronic inflammatory status. Here we discuss possible strategies to counteract t…

Salvaguardia della tradizione casearia: indagine microbiologica sulla lavorazione tradizionale del Caciocavallo Palermitano

2012

INTESTINAL BACTERIA AND BOWEL DISEASE: ROLE OF PROBIOTICS.

2010

The gut of a helathy adult harbours a myriad of different microbial species (aproximately 10.14 colony forming units). In healthy adults the main control of intestinal bacterial colonization occurs through the gastric acidity. Moreover, other factors can influence the intestinal micorenvironment, as pH, temperature, competition among different bacterial strains, peristalsis, drugs, radiotherapy, and much more. It was found that, when you have an impaired micorbial homeostasis, the intestinal microsystem becomes unstable, so that leads to an alteration of the permeability of tissues, togheter with the activation of the intestinal immune system (MALT). These microenvironmental changes thus pr…

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with probiotics. An etiopathogenic approach at last?

2009

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional digestive disorder, and may affect 11-20% of the adult population in industrialized countries. In accordance with Rome III criteria (2006) IBS involves abdominal pain and bowel habit disturbance, which are not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. Several hypotheses attempt to account for the pathophysiology of IBS, but the etiology still remains uncertain or obscure, perhaps multifactorial. Abnormalities in colonic microflora have recently been suggested in such patients, as has abnormal small-intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), or in particular a significant reduction in the amount of intraluminal Bifidobacter…

Gut microbiota disturbance during antibiotic therapy: a multi-omic approach

2014

It is known that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota responds to different antibiotics in different ways and that while some antibiotics do not induce disturbances of the community, others drastically influence the richness, diversity, and prevalence of bacterial taxa. However, the metabolic consequences thereof, independent of the degree of the community shifts, are not clearly understood. In a recent article, we used an integrative OMICS approach to provide new insights into the metabolic shifts caused by antibiotic disturbance. The study presented here further suggests that specific bacterial lineage blooms occurring at defined stages of antibiotic intervention are mostly associa…

POSSIBLE RELATION BETWEEN GUT MICROFLORA COMPOSITION AND ONCOGENIC RISK: IS STIMULATION OF INFLAMMATION THE ONE RING OF CONNECTION?

2012

Human intestinalmicrobiotais characterizedby highpopulationdensity, wide diversity and complexity of interactions. Dysbiosis, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequences including an increase in the number and/or alteration of bacteria colonizing the gastrointestinal tract, which could be referred as gut microflora imbalance (GMI). GMI is frequently found in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome; this is the reason why some authors believe that IBS is secondary to GMI. Interestingly, GMI is also found in about 25% of Crohn’s disease patients. Stimulation of inflammation by the ‘dangerous bacteria’, through specific activation of the intestinal immune…

Temperatura e modalità di conferimento del latte al caseificio: effetti sulla carica psicotrofa e non solo

2011

Obiettivo di questo lavoro era lo studio dell´evoluzione della carica microbica totale e psicrotrofa indesiderata nel latte per produzione di Grana Trentino al variare del sistema di raccolta del latte. Il conferimento due volte al giorno del latte raccolto in bidoni senza refrigerazione o in cisterna refrigerata a 18°C è stato confrontato con il conferimento una volta al giorno del latte raffreddato alla stalla a 8 o 12°C. I latti sono stati seguiti dalla stalla alla caldaia, i campioni di latte e panna sono stati analizzati tramite tecniche classiche e molecolari per la definizione del quadro microbico. La composizione microbica del latte intero non differiva nelle 4 tesi: in tutti i camp…