Search results for "Migration"
showing 10 items of 1709 documents
Post-Enlargement Return Migrants' Earnings Premium: Evidence from Latvia
2008
The paper exploits a recent survey of over ten thousand economically active residents of Latvia; about 5% of respondents have worked abroad over the last three years, while 12% have family members with such experience. Post-enlargement labor migration from Latvia has been predominantly low-skilled, yet return migrants when compared to stayers are, on average, more educated and less likely to work as unskilled manuals. We combine instrumental variable and propensity score matching methods to study the effect of foreign experience on earnings. Results suggest that return migrants are neither positively nor negatively selected in terms of earnings. However, after controlling for worker demogra…
Regional labor markets in Finland: Adjustment to total versus region-specific shocks
2005
This article analyses regional labor market adjustment in the Finnish provinces during 1976-2000. We investigate the inter-relations of employment, unemployment, labor force participation, and migration to see how a change in region-specific and total labor demand is adjusted. The analysis reveals that region-specific labor demand shocks adjust mainly via participation, whereas total shocks are adjusted by unemployment. The region-specific component of labor demand shock has shorter-lived effects on unemployment and participation, but its effect on employment is permanent. Conversely, total shocks leave no permanent effect. Migration is more important in the region-specific case where, afte…
Latvian Migrants in Foreign Labour Markets: Job Placement and Discrimination
2019
AbstractThe majority of migrants from Latvia move abroad intending to work, and so fall into the category of ‘work migrants’. A crucial role in their job placement is played by an increasingly complex network of intermediaries. This includes formal employment agencies, more informal, social network-based mediators and even illegal service providers. Despite the agencies providing job placements abroad being subject to regulations, fraud and the mistreatment of jobseekers has emerged as a cause for concern. Even when there is no ill will from the intermediaries, immigrant workers often suffer discrimination from their employers, sometimes leading to a re-evaluation of their return migration …
Homeownership and Living Conditions of the Immigrant Population in Spain: Differences and Similarities among Immigrant Groups
2016
International migration has become a highly relevant issue over the last decade. In this paper, we study the homeownership and living conditions of the immigrant population in Spain in a period of ...
Youth Unemployment in Romania: Post-crisis Challenges
2014
Abstract This article reviews the dynamics of the Romanian youth labour market between 2007 and 2013. Using total unemployment rate as benchmarking we describe the dynamics of youth unemployment during these years. We argue that the short time effects of the crisis on youth unemployment are just one side of the problem. The long term effects related to education and migration trends are the main challenges that labour market policies should address in the near future.
Unemployment Transitions to Stable and Unstable Jobs Before and During the Crisis
2014
Using administrative records data from Spanish Social Security, we analyse the pattern and the determinants of individual unemployment benefit spell durations. We compare a period of expansion (2005-2007) and the recent recession (2009-2011), allowing us to determine the impact of the current crisis. In line with the duality that characterizes the Spanish labour market, we distinguish between exits to a stable job and exits to an unstable job. We estimate a Multivariate Mixed Proportional Hazard Model for each time period. We find similar effects of the crisis for stable and unstable jobs, which are particularly strong in the first year of the spell. Moreover, slight negative duration depen…
Posted Migration and Segregation in the European Construction Sector
2015
Worker ‘posting’ or temporary migration of manual workers sent by their employers to work on projects abroad has become increasingly prominent in the European construction industry. It is now normal to find groups of workers from all around Europe on construction sites, living in nearby temporary accommodations, moving on to other projects or back home when the project is complete. This article highlights the interaction between the social and spatial segregation and transnational mobility of these workers in the European Union construction labour market. We argue that the work-focused and employer-dominated nature of the posted workers' social world abroad contributes to their segregation …
Rethinking Labour Migration Channels: the Experience of Latvia from EU Accession to Economic Recession
2013
With the onset of recession in the UK in 2008, it was assumed that immigration from other European Union countries would decline. However, this has been shown to not be the case, with the volume of new arrivals from most of the East-Central European ‘Accession 8’ countries actually increasing. The focus of this paper is Latvia, a country that had a relatively buoyant economy following its accession to the European Union in 2004 but that now has one of the highest unemployment and emigration rates in Europe. Interviews carried out with labour providers, policymakers, and employers are used to examine the labour migration channels that reflect and structure labour migration flows from Latvia …
Unemployment Flows in Finland, 1969-95: A Time Series Analysis
1998
We adopt a flow approach to analyse Finnish unemployment experience during the last three decades. In addition to data on short-term and total outflow and inflow rates from a relatively long period beginning in 1969, we also have data on duration-specific outflow rates for the period 1984 I–96 II which encompasses the spectacular increase in unemployment in the early nineties. The empirical study shows that both the inflow and the outflow is mainly driven by variation in job opportunities. For a given vacancy-unemployment ratio, the outflow rate has fallen because of changes in unemployment compensation, demographic structure and emigration. The outflow has been only marginally affected by …
CAN RETURN MIGRATION REVITALISE LATVIA’S REGIONS? FACILITATORS AND BARRIERS TO HUMAN CAPITAL GAINS
2021
Migration researchers from East-Central Europe most often focus on the impact of ‘brain drain’ which is characterised by the loss of human capital from emigration. In this paper focus is placed on the assumption that migrants living abroad gain valuable experiences and education opportunities, that lead to personal growth, facilitate entrepreneurship and psychological resilience, amongst other important skills. This experience may be used for the revitalisation of the less-developed regions the migrants return to. To explore what facilitates or inhibits the fulfil potential of ‘brain circulation’ or gain, we use data from two large-scale surveys of return migrants in Latvia, in-depth interv…