Search results for "Mito"

Systematic review of BRAF/MEK inhibitors‐induced Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCARs)

2020

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) [Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic syndrome (DRESS), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and generalized bullous fixed eruption (GBFE)] are severe drug reactions that often require hospitalization and could be fatal. BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAF/MEKi) are a standard of care in patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanomas. These agents are administered until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs. This review has focus on BRAF/MEKi-induced SCARs. A systematic search of the following terms: 'vemurafenib', 'cobimetinib', 'dabrafenib', 'trametinib',…

Mitochondrial complex I: new insights from inhibitor assays

2000

The NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain is by far the most complicated of the proton-translocating enzymes involved in the oxidative phosphorylation. Many clues regarding both electron transfer and proton translocation are still unknown. In this sense, inhibitor assays are relevant and useful pieces for elaborating a suitable model to explain the elusive bioenergetic mechanism of this enzyme. This short review presents the most recent advances in inhibitor studies and highlights the major controversies.

Self-assembly mechanism of nanoparticles of Ni-based Prussian Blue analogues at the air/liquid interface: a synchrotron X-ray reflectivity study.

2015

Prussian Blue analogue (PBA) nanoparticles can be self-assembled at air/liquid interfaces to build novel materials with interesting magnetic features. Herein, we study the influence of the size of PBA Cs0.4 Ni[Cr(CN)6 ]0.9 and K0.25 Ni[Fe(CN)6 ]0.75 nanoparticles on the self-assembly behavior by synchrotron X-ray reflectivity. Both nanoparticles show similar Z-potential values. The phospholipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and the amino surfactant dimethyldioctadecylammonium have been used as Langmuir monolayers to anchor the PBA nanoparticles and study the interplay of forces directing the self-assembly of the nanoparticles at the surfactant/liquid interface. Whereas Cs0.4 Ni[Cr(CN)6 ]0.…

Statistical properties of the site-frequency spectrum associated with lambda-coalescents.

2013

Abstract Statistical properties of the site-frequency spectrum associated with Λ-coalescents are our objects of study. In particular, we derive recursions for the expected value, variance, and covariance of the spectrum, extending earlier results of Fu (1995) for the classical Kingman coalescent. Estimating coalescent parameters introduced by certain Λ-coalescents for data sets too large for full-likelihood methods is our focus. The recursions for the expected values we obtain can be used to find the parameter values that give the best fit to the observed frequency spectrum. The expected values are also used to approximate the probability a (derived) mutation arises on a branch subtending a…

Baltu filoloģija, 30, sēj., Nr. 1/2

2021

Pterostilbene-induced tumor cytotoxicity: a lysosomal membrane permeabilization-dependent mechanism.

2012

The phenolic phytoalexin resveratrol is well known for its health-promoting and anticancer properties. Its potential benefits are, however, limited due to its low bioavailability. Pterostilbene, a natural dimethoxylated analog of resveratrol, presents higher anticancer activity than resveratrol. The mechanisms by which this polyphenol acts against cancer cells are, however, unclear. Here, we show that pterostilbene effectively inhibits cancer cell growth and stimulates apoptosis and autophagosome accumulation in cancer cells of various origins. However, these mechanisms are not determinant in cell demise. Pterostilbene promotes cancer cell death via a mechanism involving lysosomal membrane …

Vinorelbine plus cisplatin versus cisplatin plus vindesine and mitomycin C in stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung carcinoma: a prospective randomized s…

2002

Abstract Purpose: To compare a regimen of vinorelbine and cisplatin (VC) to the combination of mitomycin, vindesine, and cisplatin (MVP) in patients with stage IIIB or stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The main endpoits were analysis of objective response rates, toxicity, time to progression, and overall survival. Patients and methods: 247 eligible patients were randomized to receive (a) vinorelbine 25 mg/m 2 intravenous bolus on days 1and 8 plus cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 on day 1 every 4 weeks, or (b) mitomycin c 8 mg/m 2 i.v. on day 1, vindesine 3 mg/m 2 i.v. on days 1, 8, 15 and 22, plus cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 on day 1 every 4 weeks. In subsequent cycles vindesine was given every oth…

Aclidinium inhibits cholinergic and tobacco smoke-induced MUC5AC in human airways.

2010

Mucus hypersecretion and mucin MUC5AC overexpression are pathological features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study examines the inhibitory effect of aclidinium, a new long-acting muscarinic antagonist, on MUC5AC expression in human airway epithelial cells. MUC5AC mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein expression (ELISA and immunohistochemistry) were studied in human bronchial tissue and differentiated human airway epithelial cells activated with carbachol (100 μM) or cigarette smoke extract in the absence or presence of aclidinium. Carbachol increased MUC5AC mRNA and protein expression in human bronchus and cultured epithelial cells. Aclidinium inhibited the carbachol-induced MUC…

Regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in myocardium subjected to cardioplegic arrest.

2009

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) production by both coronary endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes is thought to play a significant role in myocardial pathophysiology following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). METHODS: In thirteen pigs subjected to 1 hour cardioplegic arrest (CA) on CPB, left ventricular (LV) biopsies were collected prior to CPB (baseline), at 60 min CPA, at 15 and 30 min reperfusion on CPB, and at 120 min post CPB. LV specimens were immunocytochemically stained against phospho-eNOS Ser1177 , phospho-eNOS Thr495 , phosphorylated ERK1/2, and AKT/PKB. Four additional pigs without CA served as controls. Cardiomyocytes were quantitatively investigated using TV densitometry (gray units: …

CD40 ligation protects bronchial epithelium against oxidant-induced caspase-independent cell death.

2006

KEYWORDS CLASSIFICATION: 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide;Antigens,CD40;Apoptosis;Bronchi;cytology;Caspases;Cell Cycle;Cell Death;Cell Line,Transformed;Cell Survival;Cell Transformation,Viral;Cytoprotection;drug effects;Epithelial Cells;Humans;Italy;mechanisms of carcinogenesis;metabolism;Oxidants;pharmacology;physiology;Research;Simian virus 40;toxicity;Transcription Factor AP-1. CD40 and its ligand regulate pleiotropic biological responses, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In many inflammatory lung diseases, tissue damage by environmental or endogenous oxidants plays a major role in disease pathogenesis. As the epithelial barrier is a major t…