Search results for "Models"

showing 10 items of 8211 documents

Cantor Dust Zone Plates

2013

In this paper we use the Cantor Dust to design zone plates based on a two-dimensional fractal for the first time. The pupil function that defines the coined Cantor Dust Zone Plates (CDZPs) can be written as a combination of rectangle functions. Thus CDZPs can be considered as photon sieves with rectangular holes. The axial irradiances produced by CDZPs of different fractal orders are obtained analitically and experimentally, analyzing the influence of the fractality. The transverse irradiance patterns generated by this kind of zone plates has been also investigated.

PhysicsDiffractionPhotonFresnel zoneLightbusiness.industryEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalPHOTON SIEVESAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCantor setEquipment Failure AnalysisTransverse planeRefractometryFractalOpticsFISICA APLICADAPupil functionScattering RadiationComputer SimulationAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsRectanglebusinessMATEMATICA APLICADA
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A First Assessment of the Corrections for the Consistency of the IAU2000 and IAU2006 Precession-Nutation Models

2020

The Earth precession-nutation model endorsed by resolutions of each the International Astronomical Union and the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics is composed of two theories developed independently, namely IAU2006 precession and IAU2000A nutation. The IAU2006 precession was adopted to supersede the precession part of the IAU 2000A precession-nutation model and tried to get the new precession theory dynamically consistent with the IAU2000A nutation. However, full consistency was not reached, and slight adjustments of the IAU2000A nutation amplitudes at the micro arcsecond level were required to ensure consistency. The first set of formulae for these corrections derived by Capita…

PhysicsEarth rotation theoryEarth Orientation ParametersEarth rotation modelsConsistency (statistics)NutationPrecessionMatemática AplicadaEarth orientation parametersGeodesyPrecession-nutation
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Coherent Spin Dependent Landau-Zener Tunneling in Mixed Valence Dimers

2011

In this contribution we introduce the concept of single molecule ferroelectric based on the vibronic pseudo Jahn-Teller model of mixed valence dimeric clusters belonging to the Robin and Day class II compounds. We elucidate the main factors controlling the nonadiabatic Landau-Zener tunneling between the low lying vibronic levels induced by a pulse of the electric field. The transition probabilities are shown to be dependent on the both time of the pulse and the total spin of the cluster. A possibility to control the spin-dependent Landau-Zener tunneling by applying a static magnetic field is discussed.

PhysicsElectric dipole momentValence (chemistry)Condensed matter physicsElectric fieldCluster (physics)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectMagnetostaticsFerroelectricityQuantum tunnellingQuantum dimer models
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Information processing in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

1988

An extended image analysis and classification system is presented to discuss the principal composition of the components as well as the methods of its realization in the field of reference based NMR diagnostics and tissue characterization.

PhysicsField (physics)Principal (computer security)Biomedical EngineeringBiophysicsInformation processingSpin–lattice relaxationElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyBrainModels TheoreticalImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingCharacterization (materials science)Spin–spin relaxationNuclear magnetic resonancePattern recognition (psychology)Data DisplayImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRealization (systems)HydrogenMagnetic resonance imaging
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Dynamics of a FitzHugh-Nagumo system subjected to autocorrelated noise

2008

We analyze the dynamics of the FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) model in the presence of colored noise and a periodic signal. Two cases are considered: (i) the dynamics of the membrane potential is affected by the noise, (ii) the slow dynamics of the recovery variable is subject to noise. We investigate the role of the colored noise on the neuron dynamics by the mean response time (MRT) of the neuron. We find meaningful modifications of the resonant activation (RA) and noise enhanced stability (NES) phenomena due to the correlation time of the noise. For strongly correlated noise we observe suppression of NES effect and persistence of RA phenomenon, with an efficiency enhancement of the neuronal respo…

PhysicsFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciAutocorrelationDynamics (mechanics)Mean and predicted responseModels of single neurons and networks; Noise in the nervous system; Fluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motion; Nonlinear dynamics and chaosFOS: Physical sciencesNoise in the nervous systemModels of single neurons and networkCondensed Matter PhysicsFitzhugh nagumoNonlinear dynamics and chaosStability (probability)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPeriodic functionNoiseColors of noiseBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)Statistical physicsPhysics - Biological Physics
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Influence of inelastic couplings on 32S + 24MG sub-barrier fusion

1988

Elastic, inelastic and mutual excitation angular distributions have been measured for 32S+ 24Mg at 65, 75, 56.3, 95 and 110 MeV of 32S incident energy. The data have been analysed by optical model and coupled channel calculations. Energy-dependent optical potentials have been obtained which have been used to describe the 32S + 24Mg fusion data of Berkowitz et al2). Barrier penetration and coupled channel models are compared. It is found that the energy-dependence of the empirical potentials is essential if a consistent simultaneous description of elastic, inelastic an fusion data is required.

PhysicsFusionIncident energyPenetration (firestop)Channel modelsMolecular physicsExcitation
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Small-signal analysis of the encoder mechanism in the lobster stretch receptor and the frog and cat muscle spindle.

1975

Ausgehend von der Leitwert-Potential-Beziehung als Bedingung fur die Impulsauslosung an erregbaren Membranen (Chaplain, 1974) wird eine Kleinsignal-Analyse des Kodierungsvorganges in Mechanorezeptoren beschrieben. Hierbei wird die Theorie der Systeme mit zeitvariablen Parametern angewendet. Das beschriebene mathematische Modell erlaubt quantitative Aussagen fur den Frequenzgang unabhangig davon ob die Momentafrequenz oder die Impulsdichte als Ausgangssignal betrachtet wird. Die Approximation experimenteller Daten gelingt sowohl fur die Ansteuerung des Kodierers bei intrazellularer Stromstimulierung im Fall des Dehnungsrezeptors wie auch durch Leitwertanderungen als Folge des mechano-elektri…

PhysicsGeneral Computer ScienceModels NeurologicalCatsAction PotentialsAnimalsAnuraMolecular biologyMechanoreceptorsMuscle SpindlesBiotechnologyNephropidaeBiological cybernetics
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How singular are black hole interiors?

1991

Abstract Ori has recently shown that an astronaut approaching the inner horizon of a black hole is not necessarily torn apart by tidal forces. This raises anew the possibility of astronavigation through black holes, perhaps to other universes. We re-examine this question in the light of hypotheses about probable conditions in the black hole core.

PhysicsGeneral relativityAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaWhite holeHorizonGeneral Physics and AstronomyAstrophysicsFuzzballPhysics::GeophysicsBlack holeGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologyde Sitter–Schwarzschild metricNonsingular black hole modelsTidal forcePhysics Letters A
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Direct perturbation theory in terms of energy derivatives: Fourth-order relativistic corrections at the Hartree–Fock level

2011

In this work, the quantum-chemical treatment of relativistic effects by means of direct perturbation theory is extended from its lowest order, DPT2, to the next higher order, DPT4. The required theory is given in terms of energy derivatives with the DPT4 energy correction defined as the corresponding second derivative with respect to the relativistic perturbation parameter λ(rel) = c(2) and c as the speed of light. To facilitate the implementation in standard quantum-chemical program packages, a general formulation of DPT starting from a nonrelativistic Lagrangian is developed, thereby expanding both wave function and operators in terms of λ(rel). The corresponding expressions, which incorp…

PhysicsHartree–Fock methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyPerturbation (astronomy)symbols.namesakeFourth orderModels ChemicalQuantum electrodynamicssymbolsQuantum TheoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRelativistic quantum chemistryWave functionHyperfine structureSoftwareLagrangianSecond derivativeThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Numerical Models of Blackbody-Dominated GRBs

2015

Blackbody-dominated (BBD) gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are events characterized by the absence of a typical afterglow, long durations and the presence of a significant thermal component following the prompt gamma-ray emission. GRB 101225A (the `Christmas burst') is a prototype of this class. A plausible progenitor system for it, and for the BBD-GRBs, is the merger of a neutron star (NS) and a helium core of an evolved, massive star. Using relativistic hydrodynamic simulations we model the propagation of an ultrarelativistic jet through the enviroment created by such a merger and we compute the whole radiative signature, both thermal and non-thermal, of the jet dynamical evolution. We find that t…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesBlack-body radiationAstrophysicsNumerical modelsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena7. Clean energyAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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