Search results for "Moho"

A temperature-type model for describing the relationship between fungal growth and water activity

2001

Growth of Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Alternaria alternata at their respective optimum temperatures was studied in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium at different water activities (a(w)) adjusted with glycerol. The growth rate (mu) was expressed as the increase in colony radius per unit of time. This paper extends the model that showed the relationship between temperature and bacterial growth rate developed by Rosso et al. [J. Theor. Biol. 162 (1993) 447] to describe the influence of a(w) on fungal development. An excellent correlation between the experimental data and the model predictions was obtained, the regression coefficients (r2) were …

Inactivation of conidia of Penicillium chrysogenum, P. digitatum and P. italicum by ethanol solutions and vapours

2008

A fractional factorial design, 2(5-1) experiments, was used for assessing the influence of 5 factors: water activity, aw [0.7, 0.9], temperature, T ( degrees C) [10, 30], mode of application, A [liquid, vapour], ethanol concentration, E (% w/w) [5, 10] and time, t (d) [1, 4] on the inactivation of spores of Penicillium chrysogenum, P. digitatum and P. italicum. Survival was determined by germination at optimal conditions within 3d. The experimental response was log (N 0/Nt), where N 0 and Nt (spore ml(-1)) the concentrations of viable spores at t=0 and t respectively. By a decreasing order of sensitivity to ethanol, moulds were ranked as followed: P. digitatum, P. italicum and P. chrysogenu…

Development of methods using phytoalexin (resveratrol) assessment as a selection criterion to screen grapevine in vitro cultures for resistance to gr…

1995

The purpose of this research was, firstly to determine the ability of grapevine in vitro cultures to synthesize resveratrol, a stilbene-type phytoalexin that is considered to be a good marker for resistance of grapevines to Botrytis cinerea, the causal organism for grey mould. Secondly, this study sought to establish the relationship between phytoalexin production potential and resistance to Botrytis cinerea in grapevines. In this aim, resveratrol production was assessed in 13 Vitis species or cultivars. A good correlation appeared between resveratrol production by grapevine in vitro cultures and grey mould resistance except for two Vitis spp. for which no correlation was observed, thus sug…

Così parlò László Moholy-Nagy. Osservazioni tecnico-critiche sulla fotografia digitale

2010

Gravity-derived Moho map for Latvia

2020

A precise understanding of crustal structure is essential to the fields of geodynamics, seismology and certain branches of geophysics. A boundary between the crust and the mantle is known as the MohoroviÄiÄ discontinuity, simply referred to as the âMohoâ. Moho geometry and depth have been extensively studied in Europe, but there are still regions with little information about it. One such area is the northern Baltics, Latvia in particular. So far, only one seismic refraction profile, spanning from Sovetsk (Kaliningrad) to Kohtla-Järve (Estonia), has been used to study the deep structure of the Earth in Latvia. We propose gravity inversion (ParkerâOldenburg algorithm) to gain more insight i…

Modelling regional-scale attenuation across Italy and the Tyrrhenian Sea

2021

Abstract Modelling regional-scale attenuation of seismic waves at ~1 Hz is challenging, especially when these waves propagate across both continental and oceanic crust. Recent developments in seismic imaging and modelling have provided us with the computational tools necessary to reconstruct these mixed settings using deterministic (coherent) and stochastic (coda) information. Here, we present new tomographic maps of coda-attenuation for both the Italian peninsula and the Tyrrhenian Sea. Kernel-based coda attenuation imaging in the diffusive approximation is tested in the oceanic environment, highlighting a non-diffusive behaviour across the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea. Joint deterministic and …

Emerging fungi and mycotoxins in crops in the framework of climate change. Design of strategies for their prevention and control

2015

Las micotoxinas son metabolitos secundarios fúngicos que se encuentran frecuentemente como contaminantes naturales en diversos alimentos habituales en la dieta humana y animal. Producen micotoxicosis agudas y crónicas que afectan principalmente al hígado, riñón y sistemas inmunológico y reproductor. Además, algunas de ellas como las aflatoxinas (AFLs) han sido reconocidas por la “International Agency for Research on Cancer” (IARC) como los compuestos naturales con mayor potencial teratogénico y cancerígeno para humanos que se conocen, a ellas le sigue la ocratoxina A (OTA), fumonisinas (FBs), deoxinivalenol (DON), zearalenona (ZEA), patulina (PAT) y citrinina (CIT). La IARC las ha clasifica…

Analytical study and exposure to Fusarium mycotoxins = Estudio analítico y de exposición a micotoxinas de Fusarium

2015

Las micotoxinas son metabolitos secundarios de determinadas especies fúngicas que se encuentran habitualmente en los alimentos. El Reglamento No. 1881/2006 de la Comisión Europea, parcialmente modificado por posteriores Reglamentos, establece los contenidos máximos de micotoxinas para diferentes productos alimenticios. La introducción de estas normas pone de manifiesto el interés por el conocimiento de valores relativos a la concentración de estos tóxicos para poder evaluar riesgos y adoptar las medidas necesarias para proteger la salud de los consumidores. Los productos agrícolas contaminados, especialmente cereales y sus derivados, son la principal fuente de micotoxinas en la dieta de la …

Modelo de cabalgamiento profundo para el Alto Atlas (Marruecos). Implicaciones sísmicas en la zona de colisión entre Eurasia y Africa

2007

Previous crustal models of the High Atlas suppose the existence of a mid-crustal detachment where all the surface thrusts merged and below which the lower crust was continuous. However, both seismic refraction data and gravity modeling detected a jump in crustal thickness between the High Atlas and the northern plains. Here we show that this rapid and vertical jump in the depth of Moho discontinuity suggests that a thrust fault may penetrate the lower crust and offset the Moho (deep-rooted “thick skinned” model). The distribution of Neogene and Quaternary volcanisms along and at the northern part of the High Atlas lineament can be related to the beginning of a partial continental subduction…

The logarithmic transformation should be avoided for stabilising the variance of mould growth rate.

2007

Abstract Radial growth rate, μ (mm d − 1 ) was evaluated by plotting the radius of the colony, r (mm) versus time (d) for Alternaria alternata , Aspergillus flavus , Cladosporium cladosporioides , Mucor racemosus , Rhizopus oryzae and Trichoderma harzianum at different T and a w . For each of the 12 data sets, an analysis of variance of the raw growth rate data was performed. It was observed from the P -values that all square-root transformed values of μ were non-significant at the significance level α  = 0.05, whereas for untransformed values of μ , three of the 12 values were significant and for logarithmically transformed μ , nine of the 12 values were significant at the significance lev…