Search results for "Molecules"

showing 10 items of 1147 documents

Interaction Between Polymer Brush-Coated Spherical Nanoparticles: Effect of Solvent Quality

2012

The interaction between two spherical polymer brushes in solvents of variable quality is studied by molecular dynamics simulation and by self-consistent field theory, varying both the radius of the spherical particles and their distance, as well as the grafting density and the chain length of the end-grafted flexible polymer chains. Both the potential of mean force between the particles as a function of their distance is computed, for various choices of the parameters mentioned above, and the structural characteristics are discussed (density profiles, average end-to-end distance of grafted chains, etc.) It is found that for rather short chain lengths and not too large grafting densities, is…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryNanoparticleRadiusPolymerGraftingPolymer brushCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistrySolventMolecular dynamicschemistryChemical physicsPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPotential of mean forceMacromolecules
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Coordination Geometry Preference Regulates the Structure and Dynamics of Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer Networks

2021

Metal–ligand interactions are extensively used for the development of biomimetic polymers. Macroscopic properties of such systems are closely tied to the microscopic structure and dynamics of not o...

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryStructure (category theory)02 engineering and technologyPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPreference0104 chemical sciencesQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesInorganic ChemistrySupramolecular polymerschemistryChemical physicsMaterials Chemistry0210 nano-technologyCoordination geometryMacromolecules
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Structure of Polymers

2014

The structure and thermodynamics of polymers are discussed both with an adapted version of Flory’s regular solution theory and the concept of scaling and random walks. The salient properties of polymers like segregation and elasticity are discussed in terms of these concept. The Flory-Stockmayer theory of gelation is introduced and related to the percolation concept.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceRegular solutionPolymer architecturePolymerRandom walkCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterSupramolecular polymerschemistryPercolationStatistical physicsElasticity (economics)Scaling
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Polymer absorption in dense polymer brushes vs. polymer adsorption on the brush-solvent interface

2014

Molecular-dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained model of a dense brush of flexible polymers (of type A) interacting with a long flexible macromolecule (of type B) are presented, considering the case of an attractive AB interaction, while effective interactions between AA and BB pairs of monomers are repulsive. Varying the strength of the attraction between unlike monomers, an adsorption transition at some critical value is found, where the B-chain is bound to the brush-solvent interface, similar to the adsorption on a planar solid substrate. However, when is much higher than , the long macromolecule is gradually “sucked in” the brush, developing many pieces that are locally stretched in …

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceRelaxation (NMR)General Physics and AstronomyPolymerPolymer adsorptionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundReptationMonomerAdsorptionchemistryChemical physicsAbsorption (chemistry)MacromoleculeEPL (Europhysics Letters)
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3D Conformations of Thick Synthetic Polymer Chains Observed by Cryogenic Electron Microscopy.

2019

The backbone conformations of individual, unperturbed synthetic macromolecules have so far not been observed directly in spite of their fundamental importance to polymer physics. Here we report the dilute solution conformations of two types of linear dendronized polymers, obtained by cryogenic transmission electron stereography and tomography. The three-dimensional trajectories show that the wormlike chain model fails to adequately describe the scaling of these thick macromolecules already beyond a few nanometers in chain length, in spite of large apparent persistence lengths and long before a signature of self-avoidance appears. This insight is essential for understanding the limitations o…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceScatteringGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyPolymerElectron010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryChemical physicslawPolymer physicsGeneral Materials ScienceElectron microscope0210 nano-technologyScalingSelf-avoiding walkMacromoleculeACS nano
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Polymer-specific effects of bulk relaxation and stringlike correlated motion in the dynamics of a supercooled polymer melt

2003

We analyze dynamical heterogeneities in a simulated “bead-spring” model of a nonentangled, supercooled polymer melt. We explore the importance of chain connectivity on the spatially heterogeneous motion of the monomers. We find that when monomers move, they tend to follow each other in one-dimensional paths, forming strings as previously reported in atomic liquids and colloidal suspensions. The mean string length is largest at a time close to the peak time of the mean cluster size of mobile monomers. This maximum string length increases, roughly in an exponential fashion, on cooling toward the critical temperature TMCT of the mode-coupling theory, but generally remains small, although large…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceScatteringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesExponential functionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryChain (algebraic topology)Chemical physics0103 physical sciencesRelaxation (physics)Physical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySupercoolingGlass transitionThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Frictional drag between polymer bearing surfaces

2002

Some fundamental features of friction between two polymer bearing surfaces in relative sliding motion are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. End-tethered and adsorbed polymers are considered under good and poor solvent conditions. The shear stress is measured while varying the solvent's viscosity, surface separation, degree of polymerization and grafting density. For all systems we observe shear thinning that is attributed to the orientation of the chains along the shear direction. This effect is particularly strong for brushes, for which the shear stress during the steady sliding state is mainly determined by the degree of overlap between the brushes.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceShear thinningGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolymerDegree of polymerizationPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicsClassical mechanicsAdsorptionShear (geology)chemistryHardware and ArchitectureDragShear stressComposite materialComputer Physics Communications
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Pressure-Induced Formation of Diblock Copolymer "Micelles" in Supercritical Fluids. A Combined Study by Small Angle Scattering Experiments and Mean-F…

2004

We developed a simple mean-field theory to describe polymer and AB diblock copolymer phase separation in supercritical (SC) fluids. The highly compressible SC fluid has been described by using a phenomenological hole theory, properly extended to consider the solvent/polymer/vacancy pseudoternary mixture. The model has been applied to describe the phase behavior of AB-diblock copolymers under the assumption of a strong solvent selectivity for just one copolymer chain. In our model the solvent selectivity is a strong function of the external pressure because in compressible fluids vacancies reduce the number of favorable solvent-polymer contacts. The combined effect of the pressure on the ave…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceSmall-angle X-ray scatteringGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsPolymerSupercritical fluid extraction Carbon dioxide dispersion polymerizationSupercritical fluidCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMean field theorychemistryPhase (matter)CopolymerOrganic chemistryPolymer blendPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolvent effects
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Molecular modeling studies of interactions between sodium polyacrylate polymer and calcite surface

2013

Abstract The interactions between calcite pigment and sodium polyacrylate dispersing agent, widely used in papermaking as paper coating components, were investigated using classical force field and quantum chemical approaches. The objective was to understand interactions between the calcite surface and sodium polyacrylate polymer at 300 K using molecular dynamics simulations. A quantum mechanical ab initio Hartree–Fock method was also used to obtain detailed information about the sodium polyacrylate polymer structure. The effect of water molecules (moisture) on the interactions was also examined. Calculations showed that molecular weight, branching and the orientation of sodium polyacrylate…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceSodium polyacrylateSodiumInorganic chemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsBranching (polymer chemistry)DispersantSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMoleculePhysics::Chemical Physicsta116Applied Surface Science
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Structure of bottle-brush polymers in solution: A Monte Carlo test of models for the scattering function

2008

Extensive Monte Carlo results are presented for a lattice model of a bottle-brush polymer under good solvent or Theta solvent conditions. Varying the side chain length, backbone length, and the grafting density for a rigid straight backbone, both radial density profiles of monomers and side chain ends are obtained, as well as structure factors describing the scattering from a single side chain and from the total bottle-brush polymer. To describe the structure in the interior of a very long bottle-brush, a periodic boundary condition in the direction along the backbone is used, and to describe effects due to the finiteness of the backbone length, a second set of simulations with free ends of…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)ScatteringMonte Carlo methodTheta solventGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPolymerCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterMolecular physicsConvolutionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistrySide chainPeriodic boundary conditionsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsLattice model (physics)
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