Search results for "Molecules"

A single loading dose of clopidogrel causes dose-dependent improvement of endothelial dysfunction in patients with stable coronary artery disease: Re…

2006

Clinical studies have demonstrated beneficial effects for clopidogrel in patients with atherothrombotic disease. Recent in vitro studies identified stimulating effects of clopidogrel on endothelial cells, pointing towards mechanisms of action beyond the inhibition of platelet aggregation. We hypothesized that in vivo use of clopidogrel improves endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Fifty-eight patients with CAD were randomly assigned to double-blinded oral administration of one single dose of clopidogrel 300 mg (C300) or 600 mg (C600), respectively. Endothelial function was assessed by measurement of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery befor…

Activation of cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase Iβ Inhibits Interleukin 2 Release and Proliferation of T Cell Receptor-stimulated Human Peripheral T Cells

2000

Several major functions of type I cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK I) have been established in smooth muscle cells, platelets, endothelial cells, and cardiac myocytes. Here we demonstrate that cGK Ibeta is endogenously expressed in freshly purified human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and inhibits their proliferation and interleukin 2 release. Incubation of human T cells with the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside, or the membrane-permeant cGMP analogs PET-cGMP and 8-pCPT-cGMP, activated cGK I and produced (i) a distinct pattern of phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, (ii) stimulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2 and p38 kinase, and, upon anti-CD3 stimu…

Reciprocal regulation of human platelet function by endogenous prostanoids and through multiple prostanoid receptors

2014

Platelets are permanently exposed to a variety of prostanoids formed by blood cells or the vessel wall. The two major prostanoids, prostacyclin and thromboxane act through well established pathways mediated by their respective G-protein coupled receptors inhibiting or promoting platelet aggregation accordingly. Yet the role of other prostanoids and prostanoid receptors for platelet function regulation has not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed at a comprehensive analysis of prostanoid effects on platelets, the receptors and pathways involved and functional consequences. We analyzed cAMP formation and phosphorylation of proteins pivotal to platelet function as well as functional platelet…

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Periodontal Regeneration Using a Porous Collagen Scaffold.

2021

(1) Aim: To immunohistochemically evaluate the effect of a volume-stable collagen scaffold (VCMX) on periodontal regeneration. (2) Methods: In eight beagle dogs, acute two-wall intrabony defects were treated with open flap debridement either with VCMX (test) or without (control). After 12 weeks, eight defects out of four animals were processed for paraffin histology and immunohistochemistry. (3) Results: All defects (four test + four control) revealed periodontal regeneration with cementum and bone formation. VCMX remnants were integrated in bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), and cementum. No differences in immunohistochemical labeling patterns were observed between test and control sites. N…

Exposure to cadmium chloride influences astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) expression in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells

2011

Abstract It is known that cadmium (Cd) is able to regulate gene expression, drastically affecting the pattern of transcriptional activity and intracellular signalization in normal and pathological human cells. We have already shown that Cd exerts a cytotoxic effect on neoplastic MDA-MB231 cells from the human breast, which is characterized by the onset of a “non-classical” apoptotic kind of death, impairment of mitochondrial activity and drastic changes in gene expression pattern. In the present study, employing a combination of conventional and differential display-PCR techniques, immunocytochemical, ELISA and Western analyses, we extended the knowledge on the transcriptional modulation ex…

Techniques to measure sorption and migration between small molecules and packaging. A critical review

2015

The mass transfer parameters diffusion and sorption in food and packaging or between them are the key parameters for assessing a food product's shelf-life in reference to consumer safety. This has become of paramount importance owing to the legislations set by the regulated markets. The technical capabilities that can be exploited for analyzing product–package interactions have been growing rapidly. Different techniques categorized according to the state of the diffusant (gas or liquid) in contact with the packaging material are emphasized in this review. Depending on the diffusant and on the analytical question under review, the different ways to study sorption and/or migration are present…

ALMA spectral survey of Supernova 1987A – molecular inventory, chemistry, dynamics and explosive nucleosynthesis

2017

We report the first molecular line survey of Supernova 1987A in the millimetre wavelength range. In the ALMA 210--300 and 340--360 GHz spectra, we detected cold (20--170 K) CO, 28SiO, HCO+ and SO, with weaker lines of 29SiO from ejecta. This is the first identification of HCO+ and SO in a young supernova remnant. We find a dip in the J=6--5 and 5--4 SiO line profiles, suggesting that the ejecta morphology is likely elongated. The difference of the CO and SiO line profiles is consistent with hydrodynamic simulations, which show that Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities cause mixing of gas, with heavier elements much more disturbed, making more elongated structure. We obtained isotopologue ratios of…

Effect of stiffness on the phase behavior of cubic lattice chains

2005

Gran canonica Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulazioni assistite da tecniche di riponderazione istogramma sono stati utilizzati per studiare l'effetto della flessibilità catena sul comportamento di soluzione fase di cubi catene reticolari corti con 4-32 segmenti. Ciò è stato fatto variando un parametro di rigidità gradualmente fino alla media calcolata end-to-end distanza avvicinato la lunghezza totale. Per entrambe le catene flessibili e rigide si è riscontrato che la temperatura critica, ottenuta tramite mista analisi dei campi di dimensioni finite, aumentata lunghezza della catena e la densità critica trasferisce a valori più bassi, in accordo con le osservazioni sperimentali. Il estrapolato lungh…

Tracking the structural dynamics of proteins in solution using time-resolved wide-angle X-ray scattering (vol 5, pg 881, 2008)

2008

Role of genetic factors on the effect of additional loading doses and two maintenance doses used to overcome clopidogrel hyporesponsiveness.

2014

Background and objective: Additional loading doses and higher maintenance doses (MDs) have been used to overcome hyporesponsiveness of clopidogrel. We aimed to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms of two cytochromes (CYP2C19 and CYP2C9) and ABCB1 modify effect of such dose-adjustment strategy.Materials and methods: We enrolled 118 patients undergoing elective or acute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug eluting stent (DES). Platelet reactivity index (PRI) was measured using the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) index and a cut-off value of ≥60% was defined as hyporesponsiveness. Polymorphism of two cytochromes (CYP2C19, CYP2C9) and gene ABCB1 were determined. …